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Tin. --- Substitution (Technology) --- Substitution (Economics)
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Synaesthesia is a rare experience in which one property of a stimulus evokes a secondary experience that is not typically associated with the first (e.g. hearing words can evoke tastes). In recent years a number of studies have highlighted the authenticity of synaesthesia and attempted to use the experience to inform us about typical processes in perception and cognition. This Research Topic aims to bring together research on synaesthesia and typical cross-modal interactions to discuss the mechanisms of synaesthesia and what it can tell us about typical perceptual processes. Topics will include, but not be limited to, the neurocognitive mechanisms that give rise to synaesthesia; the extent to which synaesthesia does / does not share commonalities with typical cross-modal correspondences; broader cognitive and perceptual consequences that are linked to synaesthesia; and perspectives on the origins / defining characteristics of synaesthesia. We welcome novel experimental research articles using a range of methods (e.g. behavioural; brain stimulation; brain imaging), reviews and methods papers, and opinion papers that raise important questions for the field.
Synesthesia. --- Synaesthesia --- Intersensory effects --- Psychology --- Senses and sensation --- Color-hearing --- Sound symbolism --- synaesthesia --- veridical mapping --- synesthesia --- multisensory --- sensory substitution
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This study examines trends in school dropout at the upper secondary education level across Latin America over the past two decades, and attempts to identify factors influencing these rates. The methodology contributes to the existing literature by employing repeated cross sections of data to track the life cycle path of representative groups of individuals belonging to a birth cohort, by constructing and analyzing a synthetic data base of household survey data from 18 countries. A key finding is that while upper secondary enrollment rates increased in the region, the proportion of upper secondary age youth dropping out of school has remained persistently high, despite relatively favorable macroeconomic conditions. Furthermore, the study traces the moment in the life cycle at which the majority of dropout takes place to reveal differences between countries. Finally, to explain the trends in upper secondary dropout rates, the study examines the impact of three groups of factors: (i) shifts in the cohort size and socioeconomic composition of the population eligible for entering upper secondary education; (b) the macroeconomic environment and labor market opportunities; and (c) the returns to schooling. A series of regressions shows that an important factor that may be driving higher dropout levels has been the higher numbers of students from poor socioeconomic backgrounds reaching the upper secondary level. In addition, high returns to education have been a pull factor into the schooling system, while, especially in countries where the majority of youth dropout early (prior to upper secondary education), the data confirm an apparent substitution effect due to the opportunity cost of forgoing employment opportunities. Overall, the findings confirm the importance of policy makers' focus on upper secondary education across Latin America and suggest implications for focusing the policy agenda.
Dropout --- Dropout Rates --- Education --- Education for All --- Education Policy --- Environmental Economics & Policies --- Household Surveys --- Income Effect --- Population Policies --- Primary Education --- Public Policy --- Returns to Education --- Secondary Education --- Substitution Effect
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This study examines trends in school dropout at the upper secondary education level across Latin America over the past two decades, and attempts to identify factors influencing these rates. The methodology contributes to the existing literature by employing repeated cross sections of data to track the life cycle path of representative groups of individuals belonging to a birth cohort, by constructing and analyzing a synthetic data base of household survey data from 18 countries. A key finding is that while upper secondary enrollment rates increased in the region, the proportion of upper secondary age youth dropping out of school has remained persistently high, despite relatively favorable macroeconomic conditions. Furthermore, the study traces the moment in the life cycle at which the majority of dropout takes place to reveal differences between countries. Finally, to explain the trends in upper secondary dropout rates, the study examines the impact of three groups of factors: (i) shifts in the cohort size and socioeconomic composition of the population eligible for entering upper secondary education; (b) the macroeconomic environment and labor market opportunities; and (c) the returns to schooling. A series of regressions shows that an important factor that may be driving higher dropout levels has been the higher numbers of students from poor socioeconomic backgrounds reaching the upper secondary level. In addition, high returns to education have been a pull factor into the schooling system, while, especially in countries where the majority of youth dropout early (prior to upper secondary education), the data confirm an apparent substitution effect due to the opportunity cost of forgoing employment opportunities. Overall, the findings confirm the importance of policy makers' focus on upper secondary education across Latin America and suggest implications for focusing the policy agenda.
Dropout --- Dropout Rates --- Education --- Education for All --- Education Policy --- Environmental Economics & Policies --- Household Surveys --- Income Effect --- Population Policies --- Primary Education --- Public Policy --- Returns to Education --- Secondary Education --- Substitution Effect
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Sociolinguistics --- Spanish language --- Paradigm (Linguistics) --- Language and languages --- Language and society --- Society and language --- Sociology of language --- Language and culture --- Linguistics --- Sociology --- Integrational linguistics (Oxford school) --- Paradigmatics (Linguistics) --- Substitution class (Linguistics) --- Castilian language --- Romance languages --- Temporal constructions. --- Tense. --- Verb. --- Verbals. --- Variation. --- Research --- Methodology. --- Social aspects --- Sociological aspects --- Temporal constructions --- Tense --- Verb --- Verbals --- Variation --- Research&delete& --- Methodology
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Communication in politics --- Frames (Linguistics) --- Conservatism --- Communication politique --- Contextes de substitution (Linguistique) --- Conservatisme --- Political aspects --- Aspect politique --- United States --- Etats-Unis --- Politics and government --- Politique et gouvernement --- Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- Politics --- Pragmatics --- anno 2000-2099 --- Langage politique --- Communication en politique --- Contexte (linguistique) --- Republican party (États-Unis) --- États-Unis --- United States of America
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Macroeconomics is the study of the economy as a whole and of work and saving choices of individual economic agents from which macroeconomic activity emerges. This book takes an integrative approach to that topic, showing how short-run and long-run forces operate simultaneously to determine the behavior of key economic indicators such as employment and real, inflation-adjusted GDP.
Macroeconomics. --- aggregate demand --- aggregate supply --- baseline scenario --- chain-weight method --- classical tradition --- Cobb-Douglas production function --- compensated supply curve --- consumption tax --- contractive monetary and fiscal policy --- cost of capital --- demand multiplier --- depreciation rate --- diminishing marginal rate of substitution --- excess demand --- excess supply --- expansive monetary and fiscal policy --- flat tax --- frictional unemployment --- full employment --- golden rule of economic growth --- Great Contraction --- gross national product --- income effect --- individual equilibrium --- interest parity condition --- intertemporal elasticity of substitution --- INUS --- Keynesian scenario --- labor force participation rate --- labor income --- Laffer curve --- leisure --- longrun aggregate supply --- macro foundations --- marginal effective tax rate --- marginal product --- marginal propensity to consume --- marginal propensity to produce --- marginal rate of substitution --- marginal utility --- micro foundations, money --- natural unemployment rate --- net foreign investment --- new classical economics --- nominal rate of return --- non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment --- non- accelerating inflation rate of labor-force participation --- output supply multiplier --- Phillips curve --- potential GDP --- present value --- purchasing power parity --- rate of time preference --- real rate of return --- replacement rate --- repressed inflation --- repressed wages --- saving rate --- self-reliance rate --- short-run aggregate supply --- stabilization policies --- steady state of economic growth --- structural unemployment --- substitution effect --- supply side economics --- uncompensated supply curve --- unemployment rate
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Paradigmatic gaps ('missing' inflected forms) have traditionally been considered to be the random detritus of a language's history and marginal exceptions to the normal functioning of its inflectional system. Arguing that this is a misperception, Inflectional Defectiveness demonstrates that paradigmatic gaps are in fact normal and expected products of inflectional structure. Sims offers an accessible exploration of how and why inflectional defectiveness arises, why it persists, and how it is learned. The book presents a theory of morphology which is rooted in the implicative structure of the paradigm. This systematic exploration of the topic also addresses questions of inflection class organization, the morphology-syntax interface, the structure of the lexicon, and the nature of productivity. Presenting a novel synthesis of established research and new empirical data, this work is significant for researchers and graduate students in all fields of linguistics.
Paradigm (Linguistics) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Historical linguistics. --- Diachronic linguistics --- Dynamic linguistics --- Evolutionary linguistics --- Language and languages --- Language and history --- Linguistics --- Morphology (Linguistics) --- Inflection --- Inflectional morphology --- Paradigmatics (Linguistics) --- Substitution class (Linguistics) --- Inflection. --- Morphology. --- History --- Morphology --- 801.55 --- 801.55 Morfologie--(taalkunde) --- Morfologie--(taalkunde) --- Historical linguistics --- Languages & Literatures --- Philology & Linguistics --- Comparative grammar --- Grammar --- Grammar, Philosophical --- Grammar, Universal --- Philosophical grammar --- Philology --- Grammar, Comparative --- E-books --- Grammar, Comparative and general - Inflection --- Grammar, Comparative and general - Morphology --- Grammar, Comparative and general Morphology
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"Thomas Piketty wrote The Economics of Inequality as an introduction to the conceptual and factual background necessary for interpreting changes in economic inequality over time. Piketty begins by explaining how inequality evolves and how economists measure it. In subsequent chapters, he explores variances in income and ownership of capital and the variety of policies used to reduce these gaps. Along the way, with characteristic clarity and precision, he introduces key ideas about the relationship between labor and capital, the effects of different systems of taxation, the distinction between 'historical' and 'political' time, the impact of education and technological change, the nature of capital markets, the role of unions, and apparent tensions between the pursuit of efficiency and the pursuit of fairness"--Provided by publisher.
Income distribution. --- Equality --- Egalitarianism --- Inequality --- Social equality --- Social inequality --- Political science --- Sociology --- Democracy --- Liberty --- Distribution of income --- Income inequality --- Inequality of income --- Distribution (Economic theory) --- Disposable income --- Economic aspects. --- Income distribution --- Economic aspects --- E-books --- Equality Economic aspects --- capital labor split. --- elasticity substitution. --- free market economy. --- human capital. --- income tax. --- inflation. --- insurance. --- marginal rates. --- minimum wage. --- price system. --- private property. --- purchasing power. --- redistribution wealth. --- social justice. --- standard living. --- supply demand. --- unemployment. --- wage inequality.
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In dit werk werd onderzocht of een familierechtelijk statuut voor draagmoederschap in België noodzakelijk is en hoe dit kan worden geconcipieerd, rekening houdend met de rechten van het kind, de draagmoeder, de wensouder(s) en de belangen van de samenleving. In deze publicatie wordt een concreet voorstel gedaan tot een familierechterlijke regeling van draagmoederschap. Daarnaast biedt het u een uitgebreide rechtsvergelijking, gezien de wetgeving, rechtspraak en rechtsleer van landen die draagmoederschap wettelijk hebben geregeld, wordt geanalyseerd.
Family law. Inheritance law --- Belgium --- Gestation pour autrui --- Mères de substitution --- Procréation médicalement assistée --- Droit --- BPB1512 --- Mère porteuse --- Droit de la famille --- Draagmoeder --- Familierecht --- Draagmoederschap --- Personen- en familierecht --- Surrogate mothers --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Mères porteuses --- liġi tal-familja --- οικογενειακό δίκαιο --- obiteljsko pravo --- Derecho de familia --- perekonnaõigus --- perhelainsäädäntö --- ģimenes tiesības --- family law --- prawo rodzinne --- familjerätt --- семејно право --- družinsko pravo --- e drejta e familjes --- rodinné právo --- породично право --- familierecht --- familieret --- Familienrecht --- šeimos teisė --- семейно право --- dlí teaghlaigh --- dreptul familiei --- családjog --- diritto di famiglia --- direito da família --- Anerkennung der Mutterschaft --- zákon o rodině --- родителско право --- zamjenska majka --- surrogatmamma --- Leihmutter --- dajkaanya --- наета майка --- máthair ionaid --- augļa iznēsātāja --- сурогат мајка --- matka nosicielka --- mãe portadora --- nënë mbajtëse --- mamă purtătoare --- surogatinė motina --- omm surrogata --- φέρουσα μητέρα --- náhradná matka --- rugemor --- surrogate mother --- draagmoeder --- sijaissynnyttäjä --- nadomestna mati --- madre portatrice --- asendusema --- madre portadora --- náhradní matka --- prêt d'utérus --- leenmoeder --- utero in affitto --- béranyaság --- išnešiojusioji motina --- surrogatmoder --- dajkaterhesség --- majka surogat --- madre sostituta --- maternidad subrogada --- madre de alquiler --- surrogatmor --- skolintoji motina --- pótanyaság --- κυοφορούσα για λογαριασμό τρίτων --- mère de substitution --- сурогат мајчинство --- mãe de aluguer --- matka nosička --- sijaisäiti --- béranya --- půjčení dělohy --- δανείζουσα μητέρα --- utero in prestito --- surogatka --- Belgique --- Mère porteuse
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