Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) countries in Sub-Saharan Africa have shown strong signs of growth resilience in the aftermath of the recent global crisis. Yet, this paper finds evidence that growth has more than proportionately benefited the top quintile during PRSP implementation. It finds that PRSP implementation has neither reduced poverty headcount nor raised the income share of the poorest quintile in Sub-Saharan Africa. While countries in other regions have been more successful in reducing poverty and increasing the income share of the poor, there is no conclusive evidence that PRSP implementation has played a role in shaping these outcomes.

Economic development -- Africa, Sub-Saharan. --- Income distribution -- Africa, Sub-Saharan. --- Poverty -- Africa, Sub-Saharan. --- Macroeconomics --- Social Services and Welfare --- Poverty and Homelessness --- Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth --- Government Policy --- Provision and Effects of Welfare Program --- Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions --- Aggregate Factor Income Distribution --- Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty: General --- Social welfare & social services --- Poverty & precarity --- Personal income --- Income inequality --- Poverty --- Poverty reduction --- Poverty reduction strategy --- National accounts --- Income --- Income distribution --- South Sudan, Republic of

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

We investigate the factors driving Bolivia’s success in reducing inequality and poverty during the last 15 years. Our evidence suggests that the reduction was driven mainly by labor income growth at the bottom end of the income distribution. Increases in non-labor income (rents, transfers, remittances) also played a role, but a smaller one, although the introduction of Renta Dignidad has made a big difference for the elderly poor. Labor income increases were concentrated in the informal, low-skilled service and manufacturing sectors. As the gains from the commodity boom go into reverse, and the fiscal envelope becomes much tighter, it will be essential that labor and social policies are well designed and targeted to preserve the poverty and inequality reduction of the last 15 years.

Macroeconomics --- Social Services and Welfare --- Poverty and Homelessness --- Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement --- Measurement and Analysis of Poverty --- Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions --- Aggregate Factor Income Distribution --- Labor Economics: General --- Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty: General --- Government Policy --- Provision and Effects of Welfare Program --- Labour --- income economics --- Poverty & precarity --- Social welfare & social services --- Personal income --- Income inequality --- Labor --- Poverty --- Poverty reduction --- National accounts --- Income --- Income distribution --- Labor economics --- Bolivia --- Income economics

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This 2014 Article IV Consultation highlights that Niger’s overall macroeconomic performance has been broadly satisfactory. After the economic slowdown in 2013 owing to the regional security situation and adverse climatic conditions, economic growth has rebounded in 2014. Inflation has been contained, in part owing to the government’s efforts to improve food security and the functioning of food markets. However, program performance has been mixed, as a combination of unexpected security and food expenditures and a shortfall in external financing have strained fiscal management. In the near term, containing the fiscal deficit through measures to improve tax policy and administration, reform customs administration, and reduce exemptions is essential to ensure sustainability.

Economic development -- Nigeria. --- Fiscal policy -- Nigeria. --- International Monetary Fund -- Nigeria. --- Nigeria -- Economic policy. --- Budgeting --- Exports and Imports --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Agriculture & Food Policy --- Statistics --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- International Lending and Debt Problems --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Agricultural Policy --- Food Policy --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures --- Other Public Investment and Capital Stock --- Public finance & taxation --- International economics --- Poverty & precarity --- Budgeting & financial management --- Environmental management --- Econometrics & economic statistics --- External debt --- Government debt management --- Public debt --- Food security --- Expenditure --- Public financial management (PFM) --- Poverty --- Debts, External --- Debts, Public --- Expenditures, Public --- Capital investments --- Niger

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This Selected Issues paper presents an external stability assessment on Niger. Niger’s current account balance deteriorated in 2013, mostly on account of higher food and capital goods imports. The deficit is expected to widen further in 2014–15, mainly driven by large investment in the extractive industry and basic infrastructure. The current account is projected to gradually improve from 2016 as important projects in infrastructure will come to end, the oil and mining sectors come on stream and public and private savings increase. Although aid and foreign direct investments are the main sources of external financing, external borrowing–mainly on concessional terms–has increased significantly.

Economic history. --- Finance -- Nigeria. --- Nigeria -- Economic conditions. --- Nigeria -- Economic policy. --- Investments: Commodities --- Investments: Energy --- Exports and Imports --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Money and Monetary Policy --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures --- Other Public Investment and Capital Stock --- Agriculture: General --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General --- Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics --- Environmental and Ecological Economics: General --- Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity: General --- Public finance & taxation --- Investment & securities --- International economics --- Poverty & precarity --- Economic growth --- Public investment spending --- Expenditure --- Agricultural commodities --- Natural resources --- Inclusive growth --- Environment --- Commodities --- Food security --- Poverty --- Expenditures, Public --- Public investments --- Farm produce --- Credit --- Economic development --- Niger

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This Selected Issues paper presents a study on poverty in Madagascar. Madagascar is a country with general, widespread, and increasing poverty. Most of the population is extremely poor and struggling to pay for food. Madagascar has the potential to grow rapidly. It is endowed with abundant natural resources, a unique wildlife, and a young, vibrant, and rapidly growing population. Taking full advantage of the young population will require higher investment in education and healthcare. Economic inequality appears to have declined and the poorest have in fact increased their consumption. Thus, while it is true that more people are poor today than in 2001, on average those who are deepest into poverty appear to be economically better off today than in 2001. Poverty is primarily a rural challenge. An overriding majority of the population lives in rural areas and rural poverty rates are almost double those of urban areas.

Monetary policy --- Fiscal policy --- Economic indicators --- Business indicators --- Indicators, Business --- Indicators, Economic --- Leading indicators --- Economic history --- Quality of life --- Economic forecasting --- Index numbers (Economics) --- Social indicators --- Tax policy --- Taxation --- Economic policy --- Finance, Public --- Monetary management --- Currency boards --- Money supply --- Government policy --- International Monetary Fund --- Internationaal monetair fonds --- International monetary fund --- Madagascar --- Madagaskar --- Democratic Republic of Madagascar --- Repoblika Demokratika n'i Madagaskar --- Repoblika Demokratika Malagasy --- République démocratique de Madagascar --- RDM --- Repoblikan'i Madagasikara --- République de Madagascar --- Repoblikan'i Madakasikara --- Madagasikara --- Republic of Madagascar --- マダガスカル --- Madagasukaru --- מדגסקר --- Malagasy Republic --- Economic conditions. --- Economic policy. --- Banks and Banking --- Exports and Imports --- Foreign Exchange --- Public Finance --- Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies --- Current Account Adjustment --- Short-term Capital Movements --- Public finance & taxation --- Banking --- Currency --- Foreign exchange --- International economics --- Poverty & precarity --- Finance --- Revenue administration --- Income and capital gains taxes --- Poverty --- Education --- Taxes --- Commercial banks --- Financial institutions --- Revenue --- Banks and banking --- Income tax --- Balance of payments --- Madagascar, Republic of