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Trade adjustment assistance --- Law and legislation

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Adult Skills in Focus is a series of policy-oriented notes designed to describe the results from the OECD Survey of Adult Skills in a concise, user-friendly way.

Manpower policy. --- Adult education. --- Employment policy --- Human resource development --- Labor market --- Labor market policy --- Manpower utilization --- Labor policy --- Labor supply --- Trade adjustment assistance --- Adults, Education of --- Education of adults --- Education --- Continuing education --- Open learning --- Government policy

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This report delivers evidence-based and practical recommendations on how to better support employment and economic development in Flanders, Belgium. It builds on sub-national data analysis and consultations with local stakeholders in two case study areas (Antwerp and Limburg). It provides a comparative framework to understand the role of the local level in contributing to more and better quality jobs. The report can help national, regional, and local policy makers in Belgium build effective and sustainable partnerships at the local level, which join-up efforts and achieve stronger outcomes across employment, training, and economic development policies. Co-ordinated policies can help workers find suitable jobs, while also stimulating entrepreneurship and productivity, which increases the quality of life and prosperity within a community as well as throughout the country.

Job creation --- Labor market --- Manpower policy --- Employment policy --- Human resource development --- Labor market policy --- Manpower utilization --- Labor policy --- Labor supply --- Trade adjustment assistance --- Employees --- Market, Labor --- Supply and demand for labor --- Markets --- Creating jobs --- Employment creation --- Full employment policies --- Government policy --- Supply and demand --- Belgium

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The Government of the Republic of Belarus (GoB) plans to increase district heating tariffs to cost-recovery levels and gradually phase out subsidies, replacing them with social assistance programs. Residential DH tariffs in Belarus are currently at roughly 10-21 percent of cost-recovery levels. DH subsidies are highly regressive, add costs to business, and create significant fiscal risks and macroeconomic vulnerabilities. The study analyzes the social, sectoral, and fiscal impacts of the proposed tariff reform, and identifies and recommends measures to mitigate adverse impacts of district heating tariff increases on the households. The analysis shows that a negative social impact is manageable if a tariff increase is accompanied by countervailing measures to compensate for the loss of purchasing power, in particular of the poor, through targeted social assistance and energy efficiency programs. The reform is more likely to be successful if communication campaigns to address consumer concerns are carried out before significant price increases, and consumer engagement and monitoring systems are established. When tariff reform and mitigation measures are properly sequenced and coordinated, the reform will become more socially acceptable, consumers will benefit from better quality of services, the government will achieve positive fiscal savings, and the DH sector will become sustainable in the long term. The study analyzes the social, sectoral, and fiscal impacts of the proposed district heating tariff reform in Belarus, and identifies and recommends measures to mitigate adverse impacts of district heating tariff increases on the households.

Tariff --- Heating --- Subsidies --- Government policy --- Business subsidies --- Corporate subsidies --- Corporate welfare --- Government subsidies --- Grants --- Subventions --- Vouchers (Subsidies) --- Welfare, Corporate --- Buildings --- Ad valorem tariff --- Border taxes --- Customs (Tariff) --- Customs duties --- Duties --- Fees, Import --- Import controls --- Import fees --- Tariff on raw materials --- Heating and ventilation --- Government aid --- Foreign trade promotion --- Trade adjustment assistance --- Heat engineering --- Boilers --- Stoves --- Commercial policy --- Indirect taxation --- Revenue --- Customs administration --- Favored nation clause --- Non-tariff trade barriers --- Reciprocity (Commerce) --- Environmental engineering

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Manpower policy --- Age and employment --- Older people --- Labor supply --- Robots, Industrial --- Labor & Workers' Economics --- Business & Economics --- Industrial robots --- Automatic machinery --- Robots --- Aged --- Aging people --- Elderly people --- Old people --- Older adults --- Older persons --- Senior citizens --- Seniors (Older people) --- Age groups --- Persons --- Gerontocracy --- Gerontology --- Old age --- Employment and age --- Employment (Economic theory) --- Ability, Influence of age on --- Child labor --- Post-retirement employment --- Employment policy --- Human resource development --- Labor market --- Labor market policy --- Manpower utilization --- Labor policy --- Trade adjustment assistance --- Services for --- Government policy --- E-books