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State Building in Latin America diverges from existing scholarship in developing explanations both for why state-building efforts in the region emerged and for their success or failure. First, Latin American state leaders chose to attempt concerted state-building only where they saw it as the means to political order and economic development. Fragmented regionalism led to the adoption of more laissez-faire ideas and the rejection of state-building. With dominant urban centers, developmentalist ideas and state-building efforts took hold, but not all state-building projects succeeded. The second plank of the book's argument centers on strategies of bureaucratic appointment to explain this variation. Filling administrative ranks with local elites caused even concerted state-building efforts to flounder, while appointing outsiders to serve as administrators underpinned success. Relying on extensive archival evidence, the book traces how these factors shaped the differential development of education, taxation, and conscription in Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru.
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Cette publication donne un aperçu des principaux enjeux, défis et opportunités pour assurer la prise en compte plus systématique des questions de genre dans le renforcement de l'État dans les pays fragiles et touchés par un conflit. Elle plaide en faveur d'un renforcement de l'État sensible à une dimension de genre basée sur la valeur intrinsèque de l'égalité des sexes ainsi que sa contribution à de meilleurs résultats de développement et de la réalisation des objectifs de consolidation de la paix et de renforcement de l'État. Le rapport précise également quelques-uns des défis contextuels et des contraintes opérationnelles qui étouffent les progrès dans ce domaine. Basé sur une série d'exemples empiriques des pratiques des bailleurs de fonds, le rapport distille finalement des facteurs clés de succès et les points d'entrée concrets pour faire face à ces défis et atteindre une approche plus efficace, plus politiquement éclairée afin d’intégrer la dimension de genre dans le renforcement de l'État.
Equality --- Nation-building --- Sex role --- Political aspects --- Gender role --- Sex (Psychology) --- Sex differences (Psychology) --- Social role --- Gender expression --- Sexism --- Stabilization and reconstruction (International relations) --- State-building --- Political development --- Egalitarianism --- Inequality --- Social equality --- Social inequality --- Political science --- Sociology --- Democracy --- Liberty
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Strike-action has long been a notable phenomenon in Israeli society, despite forces that have weakened its recurrence, such as the Arab-Jewish conflict, the decline of organized labor, and the increasing precariousness of employment. While the impact of strikes was not always immense, they are deeply rooted in Israel's past during the Ottoman Empire and Mandate Palestine. Workers persist in using them for material improvement and to gain power in both the private and public sectors, reproducing a vibrant social practice whose codes have withstood the test of time. This book unravels the traje
Strikes and lockouts --- Nation-building --- Stabilization and reconstruction (International relations) --- State-building --- Political development --- Combinations of labor --- Lockouts --- Work stoppages --- Direct action --- Labor disputes --- Strikebreakers --- Political aspects --- History --- History.
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Interpreta la construcción, pero también la consiguiente deconstrucción de las identidades colectivas en el cine mexicano a partir de la Época de Oro y hasta comienzos del siglo XXI desde un punto de vista histórico. El objetivo es el estudio de las épocas más importantes del cine mexicano y su desarrollo tanto temático como formal centrando tal estudio en la cuestión de las identidades y la construcción de la nación.
Motion pictures --- Nationalism in motion pictures. --- Nation-building --- Nacionalismo en el cine. --- Imágenes en movimiento --- Construcción de la nación --- Stabilization and reconstruction (International relations) --- State-building --- Political development --- History. --- Historia. --- Mexico --- México en películas. --- In motion pictures.
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In shaping the institutions of a new country, what interventions from international actors lead to success and failure? Elton Skendaj's investigation into Kosovo, based on national survey data, interviews, and focus groups conducted over ten months of fieldwork, leads to some surprising answers. Creating Kosovo highlights efforts to build the police force, the central government, courts, and a customs service. Skendaj finds that central administration and the courts, which had been developed under local authority, succumbed to cronyism and corruption, challenging the premise that local "ownership" leads to more effective state bureaucracies. The police force and customs service, directly managed by international actors, were held to a meritocratic standard, fulfilling their missions and winning public respect. On the other hand, local participation and contestation supported democratic institutions. When international actors supported the demobilization of popular movements, they undermined the ability of the public to hold elected officials accountable.
International agencies --- Democracy --- Democratization --- Nation-building --- Associations, International --- IGOs (Intergovernmental organizations) --- Institutions, International --- Inter-governmental organizations --- Intergovernmental organizations --- International administration --- International associations --- International governmental organizations --- International institutions --- International organizations --- International unions --- Organizations, International --- Specialized agencies of the United Nations --- International cooperation --- Interorganizational relations --- Non-state actors (International relations) --- International organization --- Self-government --- Political science --- Equality --- Representative government and representation --- Republics --- Democratic consolidation --- Democratic transition --- New democracies --- Stabilization and reconstruction (International relations) --- State-building --- Political development --- Kosovo (Republic) --- Politics and government
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In Making and Unmaking Nations, Scott Straus seeks to explain why and how genocide takes place-and, perhaps more important, how it has been avoided in places where it may have seemed likely or even inevitable. To solve that puzzle, he examines postcolonial Africa, analyzing countries in which genocide occurred and where it could have but did not. Why have there not been other Rwandas? Straus finds that deep-rooted ideologies-how leaders make their nations-shape strategies of violence and are central to what leads to or away from genocide. Other critical factors include the dynamics of war, the role of restraint, and the interaction between national and local actors in the staging of campaigns of large-scale violence. Grounded in Straus's extensive fieldwork in contemporary Africa, the study of major twentieth-century cases of genocide, and the literature on genocide and political violence, Making and Unmaking Nations centers on cogent analyses of three nongenocide cases (Côte d'Ivoire, Mali, and Senegal) and two in which genocide took place (Rwanda and Sudan). Straus's empirical analysis is based in part on an original database of presidential speeches from 1960 to 2005. The book also includes a broad-gauge analysis of all major cases of large-scale violence in Africa since decolonization. Straus's insights into the causes of genocide will inform the study of political violence as well as giving policymakers and nongovernmental organizations valuable tools for the future.
Politics and government. --- Political leadership. --- Nation-building. --- Genocide. --- Genocide --- Nation-building --- Political leadership --- Cleansing, Ethnic --- Ethnic cleansing --- Ethnic purification --- Ethnocide --- Purification, Ethnic --- Crime --- Stabilization and reconstruction (International relations) --- State-building --- Political development --- Leadership --- Since 1960 --- Africa, Sub-Saharan. --- Africa, Sub-Saharan --- Africa, Black --- Africa, Subsaharan --- Africa, Tropical --- Africa South of the Sahara --- Black Africa --- Sub-Sahara Africa --- Sub-Saharan Africa --- Subsahara Africa --- Subsaharan Africa --- Tropical Africa --- Politics and government
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Based on extensive field work involving the leading figures of the diverse Syrian National Coalition, an umbrella initiative of opposition groups fighting against the Assad regime, this study critically evaluates the challenges ahead as well as the inherent opportunities for the post-conflict era in Syria. "A panoramic treatment of the difficulties that the future of Syria faces; unique in its solicitation of the opinions of some traditional opposition figures." - Mazen Hashem, Lecturer, California State University, Northridge, USA "Cakmak and Ustaoglu give with this amazing effort another example of what free people can provide. As a Syrian who is involved in the issue [of post-conflict state- and nation-building], I think it important that this research is put under the spotlight while the conflict still going on." - George Sabra, President, Syrian National Council, Turkey.
Nation-building --- Postwar reconstruction --- Reconstruction d'une nation --- Reconstruction d'après-guerre --- Syria --- Syrie --- Economic conditions --- History --- Politics and government --- Conditions économiques --- Histoire --- Politique et gouvernement --- Constitutional law --- Nationalism --- Consciousness, National --- Identity, National --- National consciousness --- National identity --- International relations --- Patriotism --- Political science --- Autonomy and independence movements --- Internationalism --- Political messianism --- Constitutional limitations --- Constitutionalism --- Constitutions --- Limitations, Constitutional --- Public law --- Administrative law --- Post-conflict reconstruction --- Reconstruction, Postwar --- Stabilization and reconstruction (International relations) --- State-building --- Political development --- Interpretation and construction --- E-books --- Reconstruction d'après-guerre --- Conditions économiques
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The essays in Nationalizing Empires challenge the dichotomy between empire and nation state that for decades has dominated historiography. The authors center their attention on nation-building in the imperial core and maintain that the nineteenth century, rather than the age of nation-states, was the age of empires and nationalism. They identify a number of instances where nation building projects in the imperial metropolis aimed at the preservation and extension of empires rather than at their dissolution or the transformation of entire empires into nation states. Such observations have until recently largely escaped theoretical reflection.
Military history, Modern --- Nation-state --- Nationalism --- Nation-building --- Imperialism --- National state --- State, The --- National interest --- Self-determination, National --- Consciousness, National --- Identity, National --- National consciousness --- National identity --- International relations --- Patriotism --- Political science --- Autonomy and independence movements --- Internationalism --- Political messianism --- Stabilization and reconstruction (International relations) --- State-building --- Political development --- History --- Europe --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- Politics and government --- Foreign relations --- Territorial expansion --- E-books --- Imperialism: history: 1800s --- Nationalism: history: 1800s --- Military history. --- Military historiography --- Military history --- Wars --- Historiography --- Naval history --- Europe: foreign relations: 1815-1871. --- Europe: foreign relations: 1871-1915. --- Europe: politics and government: 1800s. --- Foreign relations, History, Modernization, Nation-building, Nation-state, Nationalism, World War I.
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China’s late-imperial history has been framed as a long coda of decline, played out during the Qing dynasty. Reappraising this narrative, Stephen Halsey traces the origins of China’s current great-power status to this so-called decadent era, when threats of war with European and Japanese empirestriggered innovative state-building and statecraft.
Nation-building --- Great powers --- Imperialism --- Powers, Great --- Super powers --- Superpowers --- World politics --- Stabilization and reconstruction (International relations) --- State-building --- Political development --- History --- China --- Europe --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- Politics and government --- Economic policy. --- Military policy. --- Colonies --- History. --- Foreign relations --- E-books --- S04/0705 --- S06/0205 --- S06/0210 --- S09/0300 --- S10/0800 --- S10/0620 --- S09/0495 --- China: History--Modern history, China: after 1840 --- China: Politics and government--Government and political institutions: Qing --- China: Politics and government--Republic: 1911 - 1949 --- China: Foreign relations and world politics--International conferences and treaties: 1840 - 1949 --- China: Economics, industry and commerce--Transportation and communications: general and before 1949 --- China: Economics, industry and commerce--Foreign trade and economic relations: 1842 - 1949 --- China: Foreign relations and world politics--China and Europe
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The Yugoslav state of the interwar period was a child of the Great European War. Its borders were superimposed onto a topography of conflict and killing, for it housed many war veterans who had served or fought in opposing armies (those of the Central Powers and the Entente) during the war. These veterans had been adversaries but after 1918 became fellow subjects of a single state, yet in many cases they carried into peace the divisions of the war years. John Paul Newman tells their story, showing how the South Slav state was unable to escape out of the shadow cast by the First World War. Newman reveals how the deep fracture left by war cut across the fragile states of 'New Europe' in the interwar period, worsening their many political and social problems and bringing the region into a new conflict at the end of the interwar period.
World War, 1914-1918 --- Veterans --- Social conflict --- Nation-building --- War and society --- Society and war --- War --- Sociology --- Civilians in war --- Sociology, Military --- Stabilization and reconstruction (International relations) --- State-building --- Political development --- Class conflict --- Class struggle --- Conflict, Social --- Social tensions --- Interpersonal conflict --- Social psychology --- Combat veterans --- Ex-military personnel --- Ex-service men --- Military veterans --- Returning veterans --- Vets (Veterans) --- War veterans --- Armed Forces --- Retired military personnel --- European War, 1914-1918 --- First World War, 1914-1918 --- Great War, 1914-1918 --- World War 1, 1914-1918 --- World War I, 1914-1918 --- World War One, 1914-1918 --- WW I (World War, 1914-1918) --- WWI (World War, 1914-1918) --- History, Modern --- History. --- Influence. --- Social aspects --- Yugoslavia --- History --- Politics and government --- Social conditions.
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