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Computation in Science provides a theoretical background in computation to scientists who use computational methods. It explains how computing is used in the natural sciences, and provides a high-level overview of those aspects of computer science and software engineering that are most relevant for computational science. The focus is on concepts, results, and applications, rather than on proofs and derivations. The unique feature of this book is that it connects the dots between computational science, the theory of computation and information, and software engineering. It should help scientists to better understand how they use computers in their work, and to how computers work. It is meant to compensate for the general lack of any formal training in computer science and information theory. Readers will learn something that they can use throughout their careers.
Science --- SCIENCE / Physics / General. --- Physics. --- Mathematics.
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The present theme concerns the forces of nature, and what investigations of these forces can tell us about the world we see about us. The story of these forces is long and complex, and contains many episodes that are not atypical of the bulk of scientific research, which could have achieved greater acclaim 'if only ...'. The intention of this book is to introduce ideas of how the visible world, and those parts of it that we cannot observe, either because they are too small or too large for our scale of perception, can be understood by consideration of only a few fundamental forces. The subject in these pages will be the authority of the commonly termed, laws of physics, which arise from the forces of nature, and the corresponding constants of nature (for example, the speed of light, c, the charge of the electron, e, or the mass of the electron, me). The laws of physics govern our lives, and the constants of nature define our very morphology. The precise distances and orientations between the molecules of which our bodies are composed are determined by subtle intermolecular electromagnetic forces, whose magnitude is determined by the various constants of nature, and whose operation is dictated by the laws of physics. We are merely living representations of these immutable physical laws.
Physics. --- SCIENCE / Physics / General. --- Classical Mechanics.
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Quantum information is an emerging field which has attracted a lot of attention in the last couple of decades. It is a broad subject which extends from the most applied questions (e.g. how to build quantum computers or secure cryptographic systems) to the most theoretical problems concerning the formalism and interpretation of quantum mechanics, its complexity, and its potential to go beyond classical physics. This book is an introduction to quantum information with special emphasis on continuous-variable systems (such as light) which can be described as collections of harmonic oscillators. It covers a selection of basic concepts, focusing on their physical meaning and mathematical treatment. It starts from the very first principles of quantum mechanics, and builds up the concepts and techniques following a logical progression. This is an excellent reference for students with a full semester of standard quantum mechanics and researchers in closely related fields.
Quantum computers. --- SCIENCE / Physics / General. --- Physics.
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This book examines the lives and contributions of American women physicists who were active in the years following World War II, during the middle decades of the 20th century. It covers the strategies they used to survive and thrive in a time where their gender was against them. The percentage of woman taking PhDs in physics has risen from 6% in 1983 to 20% in 2012 (an all-time high for women). By understanding the history of women in physics, these gains can continue. It discusses two major classes of women physicists; those who worked on military projects, and those who worked in industrial laboratories and at universities largely in the late 1940s and 1950s. While it includes minimal discussion of physics and physicists in the 1960s and later, this book focuses on the challenges and successes of women physicists in the years immediately following World War II and before the eras of affirmative actions and the use of the personal computer.
Women physicists --- Physicists --- SCIENCE / Physics / General. --- Physics.
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Fluid flow, thermodynamics and heat/mass transfer are nowadays central pillars of science and technology. They have been central to the development of our civilization because we use them not only to understand natural-world phenomena but also to achieve incremental improvements in technology. The special session ""Fluid Flow, Energy Transfer and Design"" held at the 10th International Conference on Diffusion in Solids and Liquids (DSL 2014) includes papers of different areas ranging from physics, mathematics and chemistry to engineering and provided several contributions for this topical volu
Energy transfer. --- Fluid dynamics. --- Physics - General --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics
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This book is a concise introduction to the key concepts of classical field theory for beginning graduate students and advanced undergraduate students who wish to study the unifying structures and physical insights provided by classical field theory without dealing with the additional complication of quantization. In that regard, there are many important aspects of field theory that can be understood without quantizing the fields. These include the action formulation, Galilean and relativistic invariance, traveling and standing waves, spin angular momentum, gauge invariance, subsidiary conditions, fluctuations, spinor and vector fields, conservation laws and symmetries, and the Higgs mechanism, all of which are often treated briefly in a course on quantum field theory.
Field theory (Physics) --- Classical mechanics. --- SCIENCE / Physics / General.
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This is the second book in the 'Ask the Physicist' series. The first book, From Newton to Einstein: Ask the physicist about mechanics and relativity, provides an excellent foundation for this book that covers topics in 'modern' physics. The main emphasis of this volume is providing an accessible introduction to quantum physics, atomic physics, and nuclear physics to anyone with at least high-school physics knowledge.
Nuclear physics --- Quantum theory --- Physics. --- SCIENCE / Physics / General. --- Study and teaching.
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As technology advances education has expanded from the classroom into other formats including on-line delivery, flipped classrooms and hybrid delivery. Congruent with these is the need for alternative formats for laboratory experiences. This explosion in technology has also placed in the hands of a majority of students a sensor suite tucked neatly into their smart phones or smart tablets. The popularity of these devices provides a new avenue for the non-traditional kinematic lab experience. This book addresses this issue by providing 13 labs spanning the common topics in the first semester of university level physics. Each lab is designed to use only the student's smart phone, laptop and items easily found in big-box stores or a hobby shop. Each lab contains theory, set-up instructions and basic analysis techniques. All of these labs can be performed outside of the traditional university lab setting and initial costs averaging less than $8 per student per lab excluding the smart phone and laptop.
Kinematics --- Mobile communication systems in education. --- Physics. --- SCIENCE / Physics / General. --- Study and teaching (Higher)
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Since 2006 the author has run a web site, www.AskThePhysicist.com, where he answers questions about physics. The site is not intended for answering highly technical questions; rather the purpose is to answer, with as little mathematics and formalism as possible, questions from intelligent and curious laypersons. This book is about classical mechanics. Usually 'classical' calls to mind Newtonian mechanics and that is indeed where modern physics started. The bulk of the book is devoted to sections which will contain mainly categorized groups of Q&As from the web site, sort of a Best of Ask the Physicist.
SCIENCE / Physics / Geophysics. --- Geophysics. --- Relativity (Physics) --- Mechanics --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Physics - General --- Study and teaching.
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"A peer-reviewed Open Access journal devoted to the publication of fundamental research results in all fields of physics."
Physics --- Physics. --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- fluid mechanics --- theoretical physics --- atomic physics --- optics --- lasers --- condensed matter physics --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Physics - General --- Física --- Física.
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