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This book seeks to communicate to both a global and local audience, the key attributes of pre-industrial African metallurgy such as technological variation across space and time, methods of mining and extractive metallurgy and the fabrication of metal objects.  These processes were transformative in a physical and metaphoric sense, which made them total social facts. Because the production and use of metals was an accretion of various categories of practice, a chaine operatoire conceptual and theoretical framework that simultaneously considers the embedded technological and anthropological factors was used. The book focuses on Africa’s different regions as roughly defined by cultural geography. On the one hand there is North Africa, Egypt, the Egyptian Sudan, and the Horn of Africa which share cultural inheritances with the Middle East and on the other is Africa south of the Sahara and the Sudan which despite interacting with the former is remarkably different in terms of technological practice. For example, not only is the timing of metallurgy different but so is the infrastructure for working metals and the associated symbolic and sociological factors. The cultural valuation of metals and the social positions of metal workers were different too although there is evidence of some values transfer and multi-directional technological cross borrowing. The multitude of permutations associated with metals production and use amply demonstrates that metals participated in the production and reproduction of society.   Despite huge temporal and spatial differences there are so many common factors between African metallurgy and that of other regions of the world. For example, the role of magic and ritual in metal working is almost universal be it in Bolivia, Nepal, Malawi, Timna, Togo or Zimbabwe. Similarly, techniques of mining were constrained by the underlying geology but this should not in any way suggest that Africa’s metallurgy was derivative or that the continent had no initiative. Rather it demonstrates that when confronted with similar challenges, humanity in different regions of the world responded to identical challenges in predictable ways mediated as mediated by the prevailing cultural context. The success of the use of historical and ethnographic data in understanding variation and improvisation in African metallurgical practices flags the potential utility of these sources in Asia, Latin America and Europe. Some nuance is however needed because it is simply naïve to assume that everything depicted in the history or ethnography has a parallel in the past and vice versa. Rather, the confluence of archaeology, history and ethnography becomes a pedestal for dialogue between different sources, subjects and ideas that is important for broadening our knowledge of global categories of metallurgical practice.

Social Sciences. --- Archaeology. --- Anthropology. --- Metallic Materials. --- Social sciences. --- Materials. --- Sciences sociales --- Anthropologie --- Archéologie --- Matériaux --- History & Archaeology --- Archaeology --- Metallurgy in archaeology --- Metallurgy --- History. --- Archaeological metallurgy --- Archaeometallurgy --- Metals. --- Oxygen --- Chemical engineering --- Metals --- Ores --- Smelting --- Industrial applications --- Methodology --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Human beings --- Archeology --- Anthropology --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- History --- Antiquities --- Materials --- Metallic elements --- Chemical elements --- Primitive societies --- Social sciences

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The book covers all types of advanced high strength steels ranging from dual-phase, TRIP. Complex phase, martensitic, TWIP steels to third generation steels, including promising candidates as carbide free bainitic steels, med Mn and Quenching&Partitioning processed steels.  The author presents fundamentals of physical metallurgy of key features of structure and relationship of structure constituents with mechanical properties as well as basics of processing AHSS starting from most important features of intercritical heat treatment, with focus on critical phase transformations and influence of alloying and microalloying. This book intends to summarize the existing knowledge to show how it can be utilized for optimization and adaption of steel composition, processing, and for additional improvement of steel properties that should be recommended to engineering personal of steel designers, producers and end users of AHSS as well as to students of colleges and Universities who deal with materials for auto industry.

Materials Science --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Sheet-steel --- Mechanical properties. --- Materials science. --- Automotive engineering. --- Metals. --- Materials Science. --- Metallic Materials. --- Automotive Engineering. --- Steelwork --- Materials. --- Engineering. --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Materials --- Metallic elements --- Chemical elements --- Ores --- Metallurgy

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This book details the design for creation of metal nanomaterials with optimal functionality for specific applications.  The authors describe how to make desired metal nanomaterials in a wet lab. They include an overview of  applications metal nanomaterials can be implemented in and address the fundamentals in the controlled synthesis of metal nanostructures.

Materials Science. --- Metallic Materials. --- Nanotechnology and Microengineering. --- Engineering. --- Materials. --- Ingénierie --- Matériaux --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Materials Science --- Nanostructures. --- Nanostructures --- Nanostructured materials. --- Optical properties. --- Nanomaterials --- Nanometer materials --- Nanophase materials --- Nanostructure controlled materials --- Nanostructure materials --- Ultra-fine microstructure materials --- Materials science. --- Nanotechnology. --- Metals. --- Microstructure --- Nanotechnology --- Nanoscience --- Physics --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Materials --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Metallic elements --- Chemical elements --- Ores --- Metallurgy

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The 3rd edition of this popular textbook covers current topics in all areas of casting solidification. Partial differential equations and numerical analysis are used extensively throughout the text, with numerous calculation examples, to help the reader in achieving a working knowledge of computational solidification modeling. The features of this new edition include: • new chapters on semi-solid  and metal matrix composites solidification • a significantly extended treatment of multiscale modeling of solidification and its applications to commercial alloys • a survey of new topics such as solidification of multicomponent alloys and molecular dynamic modeling • new theories, including a theory on oxide bi-films in the treatment of shrinkage problems • an in-depth treatment of the theoretical aspects of the solidification of the most important commercial alloys including steel, cast iron, aluminum-silicon eutectics, and superalloys • updated tables of material constants.

Materials Science. --- Metallic Materials. --- Crystallography. --- Continuum Mechanics and Mechanics of Materials. --- Materials. --- Cristallographie --- Matériaux --- Materials Science --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Materials science. --- Continuum mechanics. --- Metals. --- Mechanics. --- Mechanics, Applied. --- Crystallography and Scattering Methods. --- Solid Mechanics. --- Applied mechanics --- Engineering, Mechanical --- Engineering mathematics --- Classical mechanics --- Newtonian mechanics --- Physics --- Dynamics --- Quantum theory --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Leptology --- Physical sciences --- Mineralogy --- Materials --- Metallic elements --- Chemical elements --- Ores --- Metallurgy --- Metal castings --- Solidification --- Moulage (fonderie) --- Mathematical models. --- Modèles mathématiques.

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This book covers the latest advances in processing techniques for producing metallic biomaterial implants. It also discusses recent developments in surface modifications using bioactive ceramics and blood-compatible polymers, as well as the adhesive strength of bioactive surface layers, before introducing the practical applications of metallic biomaterials in the fields of surgery and dentistry. As such, the book provides an essential reference guide for researchers, graduate students and clinicians working in the fields of materials, surgery, dentistry, and mechanics. Mitsuo Niinomi, PhD, D.D.Sc., is a Professor at the Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Japan Takayuki Narushima, PhD, is a Professor at the Department of Materials Processing, Tohoku University, Japan Masaaki Nakai, PhD, is an Associate Professor at the Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Japan.

Materials Science. --- Biomaterials. --- Biomedical Engineering. --- Metallic Materials. --- Orthopedics. --- Biomedical engineering. --- Materials. --- Orthopédie --- Génie biomédical --- Matériaux --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Biomedical Engineering --- Metals in medicine. --- Biomedical materials. --- Biocompatible materials --- Biomaterials --- Medical materials --- Medicine --- Materials --- Materials science. --- Metals. --- Biomedical engineering --- Biocompatibility --- Prosthesis --- Biomedical materials --- Medical instruments and apparatus --- Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering. --- Orthopaedics --- Orthopedia --- Surgery --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Clinical engineering --- Medical engineering --- Bioengineering --- Biophysics --- Metallic elements --- Chemical elements --- Ores --- Metallurgy --- Bioartificial materials --- Hemocompatible materials --- Biomaterials (Biomedical materials)