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Social norms affect almost every aspect of people's lives, and can be an obstacle to or support economic development. This paper outlines what social norms are and how they work, providing examples from everyday life and from development case studies. Sometimes not much can be done about changing undesirable social norms. In those cases, development economists need to be aware of how the existence of those norms can impact the effects of the policies they advocate. But of particular importance to development economists is the ways in which social norms can be changed, at least under some circumstances. Understanding of social norm change is still patchy at best, but the paper outlines the theoretical underpinnings of change, with empirical evidence from various policies aimed at changing social norms. However, some of those policies raise ethical concerns that would require attention.

Abuse --- Access to finance --- Adoption --- Alcohol --- Altruism --- Anthropologist --- Anthropology --- Beliefs --- Child care --- Child-rearing --- Circumcision --- Civil war --- Condom --- Condoms --- Cooperation --- Cultural differences --- Culture & development --- Cultures --- Developing countries --- Development efforts --- Development policy --- Discrimination --- Domestic violence --- Drugs --- Economic growth --- Education of women --- Employment opportunities --- Ethics --- Ethics & belief systems --- Ethnicity --- Ethnographic evidence --- Ethnography --- Exogamy --- Family members --- Fatherhood --- Female "circumcision" --- Female genital cutting --- Female genital mutilation --- Female sexuality --- Gender --- Gender & social development --- Gender equality --- Gender norms --- Gender relations --- Gender roles --- Genital cutting --- Girls --- Health impact --- Health, nutrition and population anthropology --- Household income --- Household work --- Households --- Human behavior --- Human behaviour --- Husbands --- Impact on children --- Land tenure --- Living-standards --- Machismo --- Mandates --- Masculinity --- Maternity leave --- Media --- Modernization --- Moral norms --- Morality --- Mother --- Mutilation --- Ownership of land --- Parental leave --- Participatory process --- Peace --- Peer pressure --- Policy-makers --- Political change --- Population policies --- Pregnancies --- Principles --- Property --- Property rights --- Public policy --- Public service --- Religion --- Ritual --- Role models --- Rural communities --- Safe sex --- Sex --- Sexual violence --- Sexuality --- Smarriage --- Soap operas --- Social change --- Social development --- Social group --- Social inequality --- Social information --- Social interactions --- Social issues --- Social life --- Social marketing --- Social meanings --- Social norms --- Social policy --- Social practice --- Social pressure finance and financial sector development --- Social psychology --- Social security --- Social status --- Societies --- Sociobiology --- Substance abuse --- Taboo --- Teenagers --- Television network --- Unplanned pregnancies --- Violence against women --- War --- Women --- Young men --- Young people --- Young women

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Aims and ScopePatients are more empowered to shape their own health care today than ever before. Health information technologies are creating new opportunities for patients and families to participate actively in their care, manage their medical problems and improve communication with their healthcare providers. Moreover, health information technologies are enabling healthcare providers to partner with their patients in a bold effort to optimize quality of care, improve health outcomes and transform the healthcare system on the macro-level.In this book, leading figures discuss the existing needs, challenges and opportunities for improving patient engagement and empowerment through health information technology, mapping out what has been accomplished and what work remains to truly transform the care we deliver and engage patients in their care. Policymakers, healthcare providers and administrators, consultants and industry managers, researchers and students and, not least, patients and their family members should all find value in this book. "In the exciting period that lies just ahead, more will be needed than simply connecting patients to clinicians, and clinicians to each other. The health care systems that will be most effective in meeting patients' needs will be those that can actually design their 'human wares' around that purpose. This book provides deep insight into how information technology can and will support that redesign."Thomas H. Lee, MD, MSc, Chief Medical Officer, Press Ganey Associates; Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Professor of Health Policy and Management, Harvard School of Public Health The Editors: Drs. Maria Adela Grando, Ronen Rozenblum and David W. Bates are widely recognized professors, researchers and experts in the domain of health information technology, patient engagement and empowerment. Their research, lectures and contributions in these domains have been recognized nationally and internationally. Dr. Grando is affiliated with Arizona State University and the Mayo Clinic, and Drs. Rozenblum and Bates are affiliated with Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard University.

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