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This study examines medieval Christian views of non-Christians and their changing political and theological significance as revealed in late-medieval and early-modern visual culture. Taking as her point of departure Hieronymus Bosch's famous Epiphany triptych housed in the Prado Museum in Madrid, the author analyzes how representations of Jews, Saracens (later Turks), Ethiopians, and Mongols for centuries shaped western Christian attitudes towards salvation history, contemporary political conflicts, and the declining status of the Roman Church. She argues that Bosch's innovative pictorial warning of the coming of Antichrist and the threat posed by non-Christians gained its power and authority through intervisual references to the medieval past. Before and after Bosch, imaginative constructions that identified Jews and Turks with Gog and Magog, or the Pope with Antichrist, drew upon a long-established range of artistic and rhetorical strategies that artists and authors reconfigured as changing political circumstances demanded. Painted at a pivotal moment on the eve of the Reformation, the Prado Epiphany is a compelling lens through which to look backwards to the Middle Ages, and forwards to Martin Luther and the ideological significance of escalating Christian/non-Christian conflicts in the formation of the new Protestant church.

Painters --- Panel painting, Renaissance --- Christian art and symbolism --- Peintres --- Peinture sur panneau de la Renaissance --- Art et symbolisme chrétiens --- Bosch, Hieronymus,

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"A major new book from one of the world's leading writers and art critics One of the world's most celebrated art writers, John Berger, takes us through centuries of art revealing his fascination with the artist. In Portraits, Berger connects the artist and history in revolutionary ways, from the prehistoric paintings of the Chauvet caves to Cy Twombly's radical work. In his penetrating and singular prose, Berger presents entirely new ways of thinking about artists both canonized and obscure, from Rembrandt to Henry Moore, Jackson Pollock to Picasso. Throughout, Berger maintains the essential connection between politics, art and the wider study of culture. A beautifully illustrated walk through many centuries of visual culture from one of the contemporary world's most incisive critical voices"--

kunst --- Mdah Randa --- Broughton Michael --- Hänsli Christoph --- Camino Marisa --- Basquiat Jean-Michel --- Noel Martin --- Iglesias Cristina --- Plensa Jaume --- Kunovsky Rostia --- Munoz Juan --- Serrano Andres --- Kennard Peter --- Birnberg Liane --- Hambling Maggi --- Quanne Michael --- Celmins Vija --- Auerbach Frank --- kunstgeschiedenis --- Twombly Cy --- Fry Anthony --- Kossoff Leon --- Neizvesthy Ernst --- Barlow Yvonne --- Souza Francis Newton --- de Francia Peter --- Ten Holt Friso --- Blomberg Sven --- Clough Prunella --- de Staël Nicolas --- Dino Abidin --- Krassner Lee --- Pollock Jackson --- Guttuso Renato --- Bacon Francis --- Kahlo Frida --- Medley Robert --- Rothko Mark --- Giacometti Alberto --- Peri Peter Lazslo --- Moore Henry --- Zadkine Ossip --- Léger Fernand --- Picasso Pablo --- Matisse Henri --- Kollwitz Käthe --- Van Gogh Vincent --- Monet Claude --- Cézanne Paul --- Cheval Ferdinand --- Facteur Cheval --- Degas Edgar --- Courbet Gustave --- Millet Jean-François --- Géricault Théodore --- kunstkritiek --- Turner Joseph Mallord William --- Daumier Honoré --- Goya Francisco --- Watteau Jean-Antoine --- Drost Willem --- Rembrandt --- Velázquez Diego --- Hals Frans --- Caravaggio --- Holbein Hans de Jongere --- Titiaan --- Michelangelo --- Dürer Albrecht --- Grünewald Matthias --- Bellini Giovanni --- Bruegel Pieter de Oudere --- Bosch Hieronymus --- Mantegna Andrea --- Antonello da Messina --- Piero della Francesca --- el Fajoem --- Grotte de Chauvet --- 7.03 --- Art --- History of civilization --- art history --- performing artists --- artists [visual artists] --- rotstekeningen --- portretschilderkunst --- Géricault, Théodore --- Medley, Robert --- Kossoff, Leon --- Cheval, Ferdinand --- Guttuso, Renato --- Kahlo, Frida --- Plensa, Jaume --- Picasso, Pablo --- Velázquez, da Silva y, Diego --- Rothko, Mark --- Fry, Anthony --- Léger, Fernand --- Hambling, Maggi --- Kennard, Peter --- Gogh, van, Vincent --- Mdah, Randa --- Pollock, Jackson --- Neizvestny, Ernst --- Noël, Martin --- Cézanne, Paul --- Barlow, Yvonne --- Camino, Marisa --- Blomberg, Sven --- Kunovsky, Rostia --- Dino, Abidin --- Holt, Ten, Friso --- Birnberg, Liane --- Francia, de, Peter --- Newton Souza, Francis --- Quanne, Michael --- Hänsli, Christoph --- Broughton, Michael --- Grünewald, Matthias --- Bosch, Jeroen --- Bruegel, Pieter [Elder] --- Mantegna, Andrea --- Dürer, Albrecht --- Bellini, Giovanni --- Titian --- Degas, Edgar --- Daumier, Honoré --- Matisse, Henri --- Holbein, Hans [Younger] --- Goya y Lucientes, de, Francisco José --- Hals, Frans --- Millet, Jean-François --- Basquiat, Jean-Michel --- Bacon, Francis --- Moore, Henry --- Monet, Claude --- Twombly, Cy --- Watteau, Jean Antoine --- Turner, Joseph Mallord William --- Staël, de, Nicolas --- Celmins, Vija --- Muñoz, Juan --- Auerbach, Frank --- Courbet, Gustave --- Iglesias, Cristina --- Clough, Prunella --- Drost, Willem --- Krasner, Lee --- Peri, Laszlo --- Serrano, Andres --- Kollwitz, Käthe --- Zadkine, Ossip --- Giacometti, Alberto --- Egypt --- Abidine, Dino --- Buonarroti, Michelangelo