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Bacterial diseases.

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The relative food prosperity of the 1980/90s has been eroded in recent years through the convergence of a variety of factors including climate change, human population growth, foodborne pathogens and microbial plant pathogens. Today food security has become an urgent major global challenge. One important area of research that aims to aid the production of sufficient, safe and nutritious food has focused on the plant-microbe interaction. Understanding this is an important prerequisite for the development of strategies to protect plants from pathogens and/or to prevent contamination of food with human pathogens. In this book a team of respected scientists review the most important current topics to provide a timely overview. The topics covered include: type III secretion systems and their role in the bacterial-host interaction; the Pseudomonas and Erwinia model systems and their application to other studies; the emerging plant pathogen Acidovorax; the Gram-positive phytopathogens Clavibacter, Streptomyces, and Rhodococcus; colonisation of plants by human bacterial pathogens; Pseudomonas biocontrol approaches; and phage therapy. Essential reading for every plant pathogen researcher, from the PhD student to the experienced scientist, and recommended reading for researchers working on foodborne pathogens and bacterial pathogenesis.

Plant-microbe relationships. --- Bacterial diseases of plants. --- Plant diseases --- Microbiology.

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Bacterial diseases. --- Communicable diseases in pregnancy. --- Pregnant women --- Health and hygiene.

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A compelling analysis of nearly seven decades of antibiotic reform, framing our current efforts to stave off a post-antibiotic era.Winner of the CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title of the Choice ACRLIn The Antibiotic Era, physician-historian Scott H. Podolsky narrates the far-reaching history of antibiotics, focusing particularly on reform efforts that attempted to fundamentally change how antibiotics are developed and prescribed. This sweeping chronicle reveals the struggles faced by crusading reformers from the 1940s onward as they advocated for a rational therapeutics at the crowded intersection of bugs and drugs, patients and doctors, industry and medical academia, and government and the media.During the post–World War II “wonder drug” revolution, antibiotics were viewed as a panacea for mastering infectious disease. But from the beginning, critics raised concerns about irrational usage and overprescription. The first generation of antibiotic reformers focused on regulating the drug industry. The reforms they set in motion included the adoption of controlled clinical trials as the ultimate arbiters of therapeutic efficacy, the passage of the Kefauver-Harris amendments mandating proof of drug efficacy via well-controlled studies, and the empowering of the Food and Drug Administration to remove inefficacious drugs from the market. Despite such victories, no entity was empowered to rein in physicians who inappropriately prescribed, or overly prescribed, approved drugs. Now, in an era of emerging bugs and receding drugs, discussions of antibiotic resistance focus on the need to develop novel antibiotics and the need for more appropriate prescription practices in the face of pharmaceutical marketing, pressure from patients, and the structural constraints that impede rational delivery of antibiotics worldwide. Concerns about the enduring utility of antibiotics—indeed, about a post-antibiotic era—are widespread, as evidenced by reports from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, academia, and popular media alike. Only by understanding the historical forces that have shaped our current situation, Podolsky argues, can we properly understand and frame our choices moving forward.

Legislation, Drug --- History, 20th Century --- Drug Resistance --- Drug Industry --- Anti-Bacterial Agents --- Anti-bacterial agents --- Antibacterials --- Bacteriocidal agents --- Bacteriostatic agents --- Anti-infective agents --- Bacterial diseases --- Bactericides --- Drug industry --- Drug trade --- Medicine industry --- Medicines industry --- Prescription medicine industry --- Chemical industry --- Resistance to drugs --- Pharmacology --- history --- Chemotherapy --- Antibacterial agents --- Pharmaceutical industry --- History. --- History

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This Brief will review the methods that are currently available for the detection, isolation, and typing of pathogenic E. coli with a particular focus on foodborne diseases caused by the Shiga toxigenic E. coli group, which have been implicated in a number of significant outbreaks in recent years. Pathogenic forms of E. coli can cause a variety of diarrheal diseases in hosts due to the presence of specific colonization and virulence factors, and pathogenicity-associated genes, which are generally not present in other E. coli. Six pathotypes of pathogenic E. coli are recognized (Shiga toxigenic E. coli, Enteropathogenic E. coli, Enterotoxigenic E. coli, Enteroinvasive E. coli, Enteroaggregative E. coli and Diffusely Adherent E. coli) and certain strains among these groups are major public health concerns due to the severity of disease that they can cause. Methods to detect and isolate these pathogens from a variety of sources are constantly evolving. In addition, the accumulation of knowledge on these pathogens allows for improved intervention strategies.

Chemistry. --- Food Science. --- Bacteriology. --- Applied Microbiology. --- Microbiology. --- Food science. --- Chimie --- Microbiologie --- Bactériologie --- Escherichia coli --- Investigative Techniques --- Information Science --- Escherichia --- Bacteriological Techniques --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Microbiological Techniques --- Enterobacteriaceae --- Clinical Laboratory Techniques --- Gram-Negative Facultatively Anaerobic Rods --- Gram-Negative Bacteria --- Bacteria --- Organisms --- Methods --- Bacterial Typing Techniques --- Classification --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Biomedical Engineering --- Microbiology --- Escherichia coli. --- Pathogenic bacteria. --- Medical bacteriology --- Technique. --- Bacteria, Pathogenic --- Disease germs --- E. coli (Bacterium) --- Food --- Biotechnology. --- Pathogenic microorganisms --- Bacterial diseases --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Microorganisms --- Science --- Food—Biotechnology.