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This methodological report examines the quality of anthropometric data from 52 DHS surveys conducted between 2005 and 2014. The analysis includes height, weight, and age measurements of children under five years of age as well as three nutritional status indices--height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ), and weight-for-height (WHZ)--that follow WHO guidelines. The data quality indicators used to investigate the measurements include: standard deviation of z-scores; heaping of measures of height, weight, and age; and the percentage of extreme cases flagged during data processing. In addition, linear regressions of the z-scores were conducted to examine the amount of heterogeneity in z-scores that can be explained by covariates, including cluster-level variation. The findings identified surveys that have outperformed others in terms of anthropometric data quality along with surveys that have been deficient in data quality. Based on the results, recommendations were made that will improve the quality of anthropometric data in future surveys.
Anthropometry --- Data Accuracy --- Infant --- Child, Preschool --- Children --- Children --- Body size --- Body weight --- Proportion (Anthropometry)
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Cycling --- Cycling --- Bicycle sharing programs --- Body weight. --- Health aspects. --- Physiological aspects.
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"In 2008, the U.S. federal government issued fully approved physical activity guidelines for the first time. The idea that physical activity impacts health can be traced as far back as Hippocrates, and the science around the linkages between physical activity and health has continuously accumulated. On April 14-15, 2015, the Institute of Medicine's Roundtable on Obesity Solutions held a 2-day workshop to explore the state of the science regarding the impact of physical activity in the prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity and to highlight innovative strategies for promoting physical activity across different segments of the population. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from this workshop"--Publisher's description.
Obesity --- Prevention. --- Psychological aspects. --- Gluttony --- Compulsive eating --- Adiposity --- Corpulence --- Fatness --- Overweight --- Body weight --- Metabolism --- Nutrition disorders --- Disorders --- United States.
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Food cravings refer to an intense desire to consume specific foods and are predictive of over- or binge eating. Many studies have been performed in an attempt to assess, understand and control food cravings. The aim of this research topic is to present up-to-date information about food cravings from different perspectives.The expected themes are (but are not limited to):Assessment of food cravings.The role of food cravings in eating disorders, dieting, and obesity.Psychological mechanisms that underlie food cravings.Influence of food cravings on food choice.Relationship between food cravings and food addiction, wanting and liking.Self-control of food cravings.Interventions aimed at reducing food cravings.
Psychiatric Disorders, Individual --- Psychiatry --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Bulimia --- craving --- Obesity --- Body Weight --- Binge eating --- food addiction --- Food
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Demographic surveys --- Health surveys --- Children --- Children --- Body size --- Body weight --- Proportion (Anthropometry) --- Statistical methods. --- Statistical methods. --- Anthropometry --- Growth
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Developed by the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS), The ASMBS Textbook of Bariatric Surgery provides a comprehensive guide of information dealing with the ever evolving field of bariatric surgery. Volume 1: Bariatric Surgery covers the basic considerations for bariatric surgery, the currently accepted procedures, outcomes of bariatric surgery including longterm weight loss, improvement and resolution of comorbidities, and improvement in quality of life. A section focuses on revisional bariatric surgery and new innovative endoscopic bariatric procedures. Special emphasis is also given to the topics of metabolic surgery and surgery for patients with lower BMI (30-35). The ASMBS Textbook of Bariatric Surgery, Volume 1: Bariatric Surgery is of great value to surgeons, residents and fellows, bariatric physicians, psychologists, psychiatrists, and integrated health members that manage the morbidly obese.
Medicine & Public Health. --- General Surgery. --- Minimally Invasive Surgery. --- Medicine. --- Surgery. --- Endoscopic surgery. --- Médecine --- Chirurgie --- Chirurgie endoscopique --- Surgery & Anesthesiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Surgery - General and By Type --- Obesity --- Surgery --- Adiposity --- Corpulence --- Fatness --- Overweight --- Minimally invasive surgery. --- Body weight --- Metabolism --- Nutrition disorders --- Disorders --- Surgery, Primitive --- Medicine --- Endosurgery --- Minimal access surgery --- Minimally invasive surgery --- MIS (Minimally invasive surgery) --- Operative endoscopy --- Surgical endoscopy --- Endoscopy --- Microsurgery --- Surgery, Operative
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Presenting detailed information on treatment of the obese patient, this handy, concise title is designed not only to educate practitioners about obesity but, most importantly, to provide practical strategies in the comprehensive approach to treating this disease. Replete with bulleted lists and tables for easy referencing, this unique reference provides a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiology and natural history of obesity as well as a thorough review of available treatment options. The book’s early chapters discuss the disease of obesity, its corresponding health burden on individuals and society, the psychosocial morbidity and effect of weight loss. Later practical, treatment-centered chapters include dietary and lifestyle strategies for weight loss, writing an exercise prescription, pharmacologic approaches, perioperative care of the surgical patient, and complications of weight loss surgery, to name just several. An indispensable, easy-to-read resource for all health professionals interested in obesity diagnosis and treatment, The Clinician’s Guide to the Treatment of Obesity is a significant contribution to the literature that will be of value to all physicians, with particular appeal to internal medicine and primary care physicians, endocrinologists, cardiologists, physician assistants, nurse practitioners and any practitioner who wishes to learn the up to date treatment strategies for the obese patient. .
Medicine & Public Health. --- Internal Medicine. --- Cardiology. --- Endocrinology. --- Primary Care Medicine. --- Medicine. --- Internal medicine. --- Emergency medicine. --- Médecine --- Médecine interne --- Cardiologie --- Endocrinologie --- Médecine d'urgence --- Obesity --- Physical Therapy Modalities --- Overweight --- Therapeutics --- Overnutrition --- Rehabilitation --- Digestive System Surgical Procedures --- Anastomosis, Surgical --- Surgical Procedures, Operative --- Body Weight --- Nutrition Disorders --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases --- Signs and Symptoms --- Body Size --- Diseases --- Body Weights and Measures --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Body Constitution --- Physical Examination --- Physiological Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures --- Diagnosis --- Exercise Therapy --- Drug Therapy --- Gastroenterostomy --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Metabolic & Nutritional Diseases --- Internal Medicine --- Treatment --- Endocrine aspects --- Treatment. --- Endocrine aspects. --- Adiposity --- Corpulence --- Fatness --- Primary care (Medicine). --- Body weight --- Metabolism --- Nutrition disorders --- Disorders --- Medicine, Emergency --- Critical care medicine --- Disaster medicine --- Medical emergencies --- Internal medicine --- Hormones --- Heart --- Medicine, Internal --- Endocrinology . --- Primary medical care --- Medical care
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Research during the past decade highlights the strong link between appetitive feeding behavior, reward and motivation. Interestingly, stress levels can affect feeding behavior by manipulating hypothalamic circuits and brain dopaminergic reward pathways. Indeed, animals and people will increase or decrease their feeding responses when stressed. In many cases acute stress leads to a decrease in food intake, yet chronic social stressors are associated to increases in caloric intake and adiposity. Interestingly, mood disorders and the treatments used to manage these disorders are also associated with changes in appetite and body weight. These data suggest a strong interaction between the systems that regulate feeding and metabolism and those that regulate mood. This Research Topic aims to illustrate how hormonal mechanisms regulate the nexus between feeding behavior and stress. It focuses on the hormonal regulation of hypothalamic circuits and/or brain dopaminergic systems, as the potential sites controlling the converging pathways between feeding behavior and stress.
Neuroendocrinology. --- Paraneurons. --- Stress (Physiology) --- Obesity --- Dopamine. --- Ghrelin. --- Leptin. --- Neuroscience --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Endocrine aspects. --- Hormonal aspects of physiological stress --- Endocrinology --- Neuroendocrine cells --- Neurons --- Chromaffin cells --- Neurology --- Neurohormones --- Adiposity --- Corpulence --- Fatness --- Overweight --- Body weight --- Metabolism --- Nutrition disorders --- Ob protein --- Hormones --- Motilin-related peptide --- Gastrointestinal hormones --- Peptide hormones --- Biogenic amines --- Bromocriptine --- Catecholamines --- Neurotransmitters --- Hormonal aspects --- Disorders --- stress --- Dopamine --- Ghrelin --- Leptin --- Seasonal regulation --- feeding --- HPA axis --- Hypothalamus --- circadian rhythms
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This book outlines the current understanding of how obesity affects female reproductive function across the lifespan. Topics include physiology of the menstrual cycle and early pregnancy, best practices in the delivery of contraceptive and prenatal care, and healthcare policy that weighs the evidence in appropriate balance with principles that respect women’s rights. Special attention is devoted to the idea that obesity’s adverse effects are likely trans-generational; that is, children born to obese mothers are at increased risk for obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease later in life. Patients and their physicians need to be aware of the additional risks obesity confers in pregnancy and outline a plan of care that includes counseling preconceptionally, antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum in order to decrease morbidity. Obesity and Fertility provides advice for reproductive medicine physicians and gynecologists to help guide obese patients toward improved reproductive health and outcomes. .
Medicine & Public Health. --- Reproductive Medicine. --- Gynecology. --- Maternal and Child Health. --- Medicine. --- Maternal and infant welfare. --- Médecine --- Gynécologie --- Obesity --- Infertility, Female --- Reproductive health --- Infertility --- Overnutrition --- Nutrition Disorders --- Genital Diseases, Female --- Female Urogenital Diseases --- Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases --- Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications --- Diseases --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Gynecology & Obstetrics --- Complications --- Obesity. --- Fertility, Human. --- Human fertility --- Natality --- Adiposity --- Corpulence --- Fatness --- Overweight --- Maternal and child health services. --- Reproductive medicine. --- Demography --- Human reproduction --- Body weight --- Metabolism --- Nutrition disorders --- Disorders --- Infant welfare --- Infants --- Maternity welfare --- Child welfare --- Mothers --- Women --- Maternal health services --- Human reproductive health --- Human reproductive medicine --- Reproductive medicine --- Health --- Gynaecology --- Generative organs, Female --- Charities, protection, etc. --- Charities --- Health aspects --- Gynecology .
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This book describes in detail the multidisciplinary management of obesity, providing readers with a thorough understanding of the rationale for a multidisciplinary approach and with the tools required to implement it effectively. The emphasis is on a translational approach, starting from basic concepts and fundamental mechanisms of the pathology and clinical morbidity. Experts in the field discuss the full range of relevant topics, including the significance of physical exercise, psychological issues, nutritional strategies, pharmacological options, and bariatric surgery. Put another way, the book covers all aspects from the bench to the bedside. Physicians, scientists, and postgraduate students will all find it to be invaluable in understanding the causes and optimal management of obesity, which has rapidly become a major public health problem.
Medicine & Public Health. --- Endocrinology. --- Metabolic Diseases. --- Urology/Andrology. --- Psychiatry. --- Medicine. --- Metabolic diseases. --- Urology. --- Médecine --- Endocrinologie --- Psychiatrie --- Urologie --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Clinical Endocrinology --- Obesity. --- Weight loss. --- Overweight persons. --- Corpulent persons --- Fat persons --- Large persons --- Obese persons --- Obesity --- Losing weight --- Loss of weight --- Reducing --- Reduction of weight --- Slimming --- Weight control of obesity --- Weight reducing --- Weight reduction --- Adiposity --- Corpulence --- Fatness --- Overweight --- Patients --- Control --- Persons --- Body weight --- Metabolism --- Nutrition disorders --- Disorders --- Medicine and psychology --- Mental health --- Psychology, Pathological --- Genitourinary organs --- Disorders of metabolism --- Metabolic diseases --- Metabolic disorders --- Metabolism, Disorders of --- Diseases --- Internal medicine --- Hormones --- Endocrinology .
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