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Although observers of the Pakistani economy are well aware that a small number of family groups, popularly called "the twenty-two families," dominates the industrial structure of the country, the actual effects of this concentration of economic power on income distribution and on other areas of widespread social and political concern arc less well understood. In this important work, Lawrence J. White uses the concepts of industrial organization analysis to achieve an overall view of the problems stemming from the marked industrial concentration in Pakistan. After discussing the economic effects of industrial concentration as they apply generally to less developed countries, Professor White reviews the Pakistani experience, estimating the overall concentration of power that exists in manufacturing, banking, and insurance. Following an estimate of the extent of concentration in individual markets, he examines the origins of this concentration of power and analyzes its economic and noneconomic effects in Pakistan. The author concludes with a review of the policies that Pakistan has pursued in dealing with industrial concentration and suggests new courses of action for the future.Originally published in 1974.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Industries --- Industrial organization --- Big business --- Economic concentration --- Business --- Business enterprises --- Organization --- Industrial concentration --- Industrial management --- Industrial sociology --- Size

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How is it that two broadly similar systems of competition law have reached different results across a number of significant antitrust issues? While the United States and the European Union share a commitment to maintaining competition in the marketplace and employ similar concepts and legal language in making antitrust decisions, differences in social values, political institutions, and legal precedent have inhibited close convergence. With The Atlantic Divide in Antitrust, Daniel J. Gifford and Robert T. Kudrle explore many of the main contested areas of contemporary antitrust, including mergers, price discrimination, predatory pricing, and intellectual property. After identifying how prevailing analyses differ across these areas, they then examine the policy ramifications. Several themes run throughout the book, including differences in the amount of discretion firms have in dealing with purchasers, the weight given to the welfare of various market participants, and whether competition tends to be viewed as an efficiency-generating process or as rivalry. The authors conclude with forecasts and suggestions for how greater compatibility might ultimately be attained.

Antitrust law --- comparative law, military, european union, united states, big business, finance, money, wealth, power, eu competition policy, marketplace, free markets, trade, commerce, antitrust decisions, social values, political institutions, legal precedent, language, mergers, price discrimination, predatory pricing, intellectual property, purchasers, welfare, monopolization, judicial review, supply contracts, single-product loyalty.

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The book presents theoretical and empirical research on the integrated assessment of cartels’ effects on national economies. The empirical analysis is based on three cases in Lithuania, a country chosen because it corresponds to the features of a small economy with a developing culture of competition. An integrated assessment of a cartel’s impact by measuring the net economic effect created by its operations on the market is extremely important at the scale of national economies. If a cartel’s true impact is not identified and evaluated, it is impossible to make important strategic decisions, for the whole economy instead of individual affected parties, and to establish an optimum baseline for mitigating the harm done to the economy. Thus, an integrated cartel impact assessment can help to more proactively combat cartel agreements on the market and improve the economic welfare of the respective country.  .

Economics/Management Science. --- Industrial Organization. --- Macroeconomics/Monetary Economics. --- Law and Economics. --- Economics. --- Industrial organization (Economic theory). --- Macroeconomics. --- Commercial law. --- Economie politique --- Economie industrielle --- Macroéconomie --- Droit commercial --- Industrial organization (Economi. --- Management --- Business & Economics --- Management Theory --- Industrial Management --- Cartels --- Lithuania --- Economic conditions. --- Combinations, Industrial --- Combinations in restraint of trade --- Industrial combinations --- Law and legislation --- Industrial organization. --- Law and economics. --- Macroeconomics/Monetary Economics//Financial Economics. --- Big business --- Competition --- Industrial concentration --- Monopolies --- Restraint of trade --- Commodity control --- Interlocking directorates --- Trusts, Industrial --- Business Law. --- Business --- Business law --- Commerce --- Law, Commercial --- Mercantile law --- Law --- Law merchant --- Maritime law --- Economics --- Industries --- Organization --- Industrial management --- Industrial sociology

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Charles Maier, one of the most prominent contemporary scholars of European history, published Recasting Bourgeois Europe as his first book in 1975. Based on extensive archival research, the book examines how European societies progressed from a moment of social vulnerability to one of political and economic stabilization.Arguing that a common trajectory calls for a multi country analysis, Maier provides a comparative history of three European nations and argues that they did not simply return to a prewar status quo, but achieved a new balance of state authority and interest group representation. While most previous accounts presented the decade as a prelude to the Depression and dictatorships, Maier suggests that the stabilization of the 1920s, vulnerable as it was, foreshadowed the more enduring political stability achieved after World War II.The immense and ambitious scope of this book, its ability to follow diverse histories in detail, and its effort to explain stabilization-and not just revolution or breakdown-have made it a classic of European history.

Europe --- Politics and government --- Economic conditions --- Aristide Briand. --- Benito Mussolini. --- Cartel des Gauches. --- Europe. --- Fascists. --- France. --- Francesco Saverio Nitti. --- Georges Clemenceau. --- Germany. --- Giovanni Giolitti. --- Gustav Stresemann. --- Italy. --- Joseph Wirth. --- Radical Socialist Party. --- Raymond Poincar. --- Ruhr conflict. --- Social Democratic Party. --- Vittorio Emanuele Orlando. --- World War II. --- big business. --- bourgeois. --- bourgeoisie. --- capitalism. --- class divisions. --- class. --- coal industry. --- coalitions. --- conservatives. --- corporatism. --- deflation. --- economic restructuring. --- economic stabilization. --- elections. --- elites. --- fascism. --- heavy industry. --- inflation. --- interest groups. --- labor market. --- left. --- liberalism. --- majorities. --- mass communications. --- moderation. --- nationalism. --- parliamentary elections. --- parliamentary politics. --- parliaments. --- political ecology. --- political economy. --- political stabilization. --- politics. --- recession. --- reparations. --- revaluation. --- social conflict. --- social democracy. --- social vulnerability. --- socialists. --- socialization. --- sovereignty. --- stability. --- state authority. --- taxes. --- terrorism. --- unions.