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Hundreds post-translational modifications (PTM) were characterized among which a large variety of glycosylations including O-GlcNAcylation. Since its discovery, O-GlcNAcylation has emerged as an unavoidable PTM widespread in the living beings including animal and plant cells, protists, bacteria and viruses. In opposition to N- and O-glycosylations, O-GlcNAcylation only consists in the transfer of a single N-acetylglucosamine moiety through a beta-linkage onto serine and threonine residues of proteins confined within the cytosol, the nucleus and the mitochondria. The O-GlcNAc group is provided by UDP-GlcNAc, the end-product of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway located at the crossroad of cell metabolisms making O-GlcNAcylation a PTM which level tightly reflects nutritional status; therefore regulation of cell homeostasis should be intimately correlated to lifestyle and environment. Like phosphorylation, with which it can compete, O-GlcNAcylation is reversible. This versatility is managed by OGT (O-GlcNAc transferase) that transfers the GlcNAc group and OGA (O-GlcNAcase) that removes it. Also, like its unsweetened counterpart, O-GlcNAcylation controls fundamental processes, e.g. protein fate, chromatin topology, DNA demethylation and, as recently revealed, circadian clock. Deregulation of O-GlcNAc dynamism may be involved in the emergence of cancers, neuronal and metabolic disorders such as Alzheimer's or diabetes respectively. This Research Topic in Frontiers in Endocrinology is the opportunity to celebrate the thirtieth anniversary of the discovery of "O-GlcNAc" by Gerald W. Hart.

Cell signalling --- Metabolism --- Anabolism --- Catabolism --- Metabolism, Primary --- Primary metabolism --- Biochemistry --- Physiology --- nutrition --- Hexosamine biosynthetic pathway --- O GlcNAcylation --- OGA --- Inflammation --- OGT --- Cell signaling --- epigenetics --- Cancer

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This book introduces plant metabolomics, an experimental approach that is important in both functional genomics and systems biology. It can be argued that metabolite data is most closely linked to phenotypes and that changes in metabolite content or metabolic networks can therefore indicate gene function more directly than mRNA transcript or protein based-approaches. Additionally, the identification of metabolic markers has important applications in plant breeding. The book, written by researchers who are active in plant metabolomics in China, not only introduces the fundamental concepts and the latest methodological advances in the field of plant metabolomics, but also details new studies from the respective scientific programs of the authors and thus reflects the current state of domestic plant metabolomics research.  Professor Xiaoquan Qi is the principal investigator at the Institute of Botany, CAS. Professor Xiaoya Chen is a member of the Chinese Academy of Science and also is the principal investigator at the Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, CAS. Professor Yulan Wang is leading a team in BioSpectroscopy and Metabolomics at the Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, CAS.

Plants --- Plantes --- Metabolism --- Botany. --- Life sciences. --- Metabolism. --- Plant breeding. --- Botany --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Botany - General --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVBIOLO LIVBIOMO LIVMEDEC SPRINGER-B --- Plant metabolism --- Plant science. --- Plant genetics. --- Life Sciences. --- Plant Sciences. --- Plant Genetics & Genomics. --- Metabolomics. --- Plant physiology --- Effect of anaerobiosis on --- Plant Genetics and Genomics. --- Anabolism --- Catabolism --- Metabolism, Primary --- Primary metabolism --- Biochemistry --- Physiology --- Genetics --- Botanical science --- Phytobiology --- Phytography --- Phytology --- Plant biology --- Plant science --- Biology --- Natural history --- Floristic botany

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Nutrient Metabolism, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive overview of the supply and use of nutrients in the human body and how the body regulates intake. Chapters detail the principles determining digestion and absorption of food ingredients and how these compounds and their metabolites get into the brain, cross the placenta and pass through the kidneys. Each nutrient's coverage contains a nutritional summary that describes its function, its food sources, dietary requirements, potential health risks if deficient, and impact of excessive intake. This handbook contains the latest informati

Metabolism. --- Metabolism and nutrition. --- Adenosine -- Metabolism. --- Molecular biology. --- Metabolic Phenomena --- Food --- Physiological Phenomena --- Growth Substances --- Physiological Effects of Drugs --- Food and Beverages --- Phenomena and Processes --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Micronutrients --- Metabolism --- Nutritional Physiological Phenomena --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Physiology --- Adenosine --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biophysics --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Adenocard --- Adenoscan --- Purine nucleosides --- Ribonucleosides --- Anabolism --- Catabolism --- Metabolism, Primary --- Primary metabolism

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This book discusses in detail molecular, mycobiont culture, biomonitoring and bioprospection of lichens, providing insights into advances in different fields of lichenology by applying modern techniques and approaches and examining how their application has enhanced or changed classical approaches. It offers a valuable resource, especially for beginners, students and researchers from different academic backgrounds interested in the study of lichens. In recent years, the introduction of modern analytical techniques and approaches has significantly improved our understanding of the environment, including lichens. Lichens are unique organisms which possess untapped potential as effective and reliable bioindicators, sources of therapeutic phytochemicals, and as excellent extremophiles. The unique and peculiar characteristics of lichens underline the need for a multidimensional approach to explore their potential in various fields of environment science, botany and chemistry. Modern techniques, especially molecular techniques, have greatly enriched the field of lichen taxonomy and its position in the plant kingdom, revealing little-known species and exploring their evolutionary history, while multivariate analysis and GIS approaches have established lichens as an ideal and reliable tool for monitoring air pollution. Advanced culture techniques have expanded the pharmacological applications of lichens, which was formerly restricted due to their small biomass. The advent of sophisticated analytical instrumentation has now facilitated the isolation and characterization of lichens’ bioactive constituents, even in lower concentrations, as well as the estimation of their stress responses at different levels of pollution. As lichen diversity is adversely affected by increasing air pollution, there is a pressing need to develop effective management practices to conserve, restore and document lichen diversity.

Life Sciences. --- Plant Genetics & Genomics. --- Microbiology. --- Metabolomics. --- Plant Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography. --- Climate Change. --- Life sciences. --- Metabolism. --- Plant breeding. --- Climatic changes. --- Sciences de la vie --- Métabolisme --- Microbiologie --- Plantes --- Climat --- Amélioration --- Changements --- Botany --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Genetics --- Fungi & Algae --- Lichenology --- Methodology. --- Plant genetics. --- Climate change. --- Plant Genetics and Genomics. --- Changes, Climatic --- Changes in climate --- Climate change --- Climate change science --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic changes --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Anabolism --- Catabolism --- Metabolism, Primary --- Primary metabolism --- Biochemistry --- Physiology --- Microbial biology --- Microorganisms --- Plants --- Environmental aspects --- Plant systematics. --- Plant taxonomy. --- Botanical classification --- Botanical systematics --- Botanical taxonomy --- Classification --- Plant biosystematics --- Plant classification --- Plant systematics --- Plant taxonomy --- Systematic botany --- Systematics (Botany) --- Taxonomy, Plant --- Plant taxonomists --- Global environmental change

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Comprehensively covers protein subcellular localization from single-label prediction to multi-label prediction, and includes prediction strategies for virus, plant, and eukaryote species. Three machine learning tools are introduced to improve classification refinement, feature extraction, and dimensionality reduction.

Artificial intelligence. --- Probability. --- Protein transport. --- Statistics as Topic --- Computing Methodologies --- Biological Transport --- Mathematical Concepts --- Phenomena and Processes --- Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms --- Information Science --- Epidemiologic Methods --- Metabolism --- Public Health --- Investigative Techniques --- Metabolic Phenomena --- Quality of Health Care --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Environment and Public Health --- Health Care --- Probability --- Protein Transport --- Artificial Intelligence --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Animal Biochemistry --- Computational Intelligence --- AI (Artificial Intelligence) --- Computer Reasoning --- Computer Vision Systems --- Knowledge Acquisition (Computer) --- Knowledge Representation (Computer) --- Machine Intelligence --- Acquisition, Knowledge (Computer) --- Computer Vision System --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligence, Computational --- Intelligence, Machine --- Knowledge Representations (Computer) --- Reasoning, Computer --- Representation, Knowledge (Computer) --- System, Computer Vision --- Systems, Computer Vision --- Vision System, Computer --- Vision Systems, Computer --- Heuristics --- Protein Localization Processes, Cellular --- Protein Sorting --- Protein Trafficking --- Cellular Protein Targeting --- Gated Protein Transport --- Protein Targeting, Cellular --- Protein Translocation --- Transmembrane Protein Transport --- Vesicular Protein Transport --- Protein Transport, Gated --- Protein Transport, Transmembrane --- Protein Transport, Vesicular --- Traffickings, Protein --- Protein Sorting Signals --- Vesicular Transport Proteins --- Probabilities --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Healthcare Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Pharmacy Audit --- Quality of Care --- Quality of Healthcare --- Audit, Pharmacy --- Care Quality --- Health Care Quality --- Healthcare Quality --- Pharmacy Audits --- Metabolic Phenomenon --- Metabolic Process --- Metabolism Concepts --- Metabolism Phenomena --- Process, Metabolic --- Processes, Metabolic --- Anabolism --- Catabolism --- Metabolic Concepts --- Metabolic Processes --- Concept, Metabolic --- Concept, Metabolism --- Concepts, Metabolic --- Concepts, Metabolism --- Metabolic Concept --- Metabolism Concept --- Phenomena, Metabolic --- Phenomena, Metabolism --- Phenomenon, Metabolic --- Investigative Technics --- Investigative Technic --- Investigative Technique --- Technic, Investigative --- Technics, Investigative --- Technique, Investigative --- Techniques, Investigative --- Community Health --- Environment, Preventive Medicine & Public Health --- Environment, Preventive Medicine and Public Health --- Health, Community --- Health, Public --- Preventive Medicine --- Education, Public Health Professional --- Epidemiologic Method --- Epidemiological Methods --- Methods, Epidemiologic --- Epidemiological Method --- Method, Epidemiologic --- Method, Epidemiological --- Methods, Epidemiological --- Epidemiology --- Information Sciences --- Science, Information --- Sciences, Information --- Healthcare Evaluation Mechanisms --- Evaluation Mechanism, Healthcare --- Evaluation Mechanisms, Healthcare --- Healthcare Evaluation Mechanism --- Mechanism, Healthcare Evaluation --- Mechanisms, Healthcare Evaluation --- Concept, Mathematical --- Concepts, Mathematical --- Mathematical Concept --- Biologic Transport --- Transport, Biological --- Transport, Biologic --- Transport Vesicles --- Membrane Transport Proteins --- High Performance Computing --- Methodologies, Computing --- Computing Methodology --- Computing, High Performance --- Methodology, Computing --- Performance Computing, High --- Area Analysis --- Estimation Technics --- Estimation Techniques --- Indirect Estimation Technics --- Indirect Estimation Techniques --- Multiple Classification Analysis --- Service Statistics --- Statistical Study --- Statistics, Service --- Tables and Charts as Topic --- Analyses, Area --- Analyses, Multiple Classification --- Area Analyses --- Classification Analyses, Multiple --- Classification Analysis, Multiple --- Estimation Technic, Indirect --- Estimation Technics, Indirect --- Estimation Technique --- Estimation Technique, Indirect --- Estimation Techniques, Indirect --- Indirect Estimation Technic --- Indirect Estimation Technique --- Multiple Classification Analyses --- Statistical Studies --- Studies, Statistical --- Study, Statistical --- Technic, Indirect Estimation --- Technics, Estimation --- Technics, Indirect Estimation --- Technique, Estimation --- Technique, Indirect Estimation --- Techniques, Estimation --- Techniques, Indirect Estimation --- methods --- Proteins --- Machine learning. --- Physiological transport --- Data processing. --- Learning, Machine --- Artificial intelligence --- Machine theory --- Proteids --- Biomolecules --- Polypeptides --- Proteomics --- Bioinformatics. --- Computer Science. --- Proteomics.