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"During the formative period of Islam, in the first centuries after Muḥammad's death, different ideas and beliefs abounded. It was during this period of roughly three centuries that two particular intellectual traditions emerged, Sunnism and Shī;'ism. Sunnī Muslims endorsed the historical caliphate, while Shī'ī; Muslims, supporters of 'Ali, cousin of the Prophet and the fourth caliph, articulated their own distinctive doctrines. The Sunnī-Shī'ī schism is often framed as a dispute over the identity of the successor to Muḥammad, whereas in reality, Sunnī and Shī'ī Muslims also differ on a number of seminal theological doctrines concerning the nature of God and legitimate political and religious authority. This book examines the development of Shī'ī Islam through the lenses of belief, narrative, and memory. In an accessible yet nuanced manner, it conceives of Shī'ism as a historical project undertaken by a segment of the early Muslim community that felt dispossessed. This book also covers, for the first time in English, a wide range of Shī'ī communities from the demographically predominant Twelvers to the transnational Ismā'īlīs to the scholar-activist Zaydīs. The portrait of Shī'ism that emerges is that of a distinctive and vibrant community of Muslims with a remarkable capacity for reinvention and adaptation, grounded in a unique theological interpretation of Islam"--

Islam --- Shīʻah --- History --- Doctrines --- Shīʻah. --- Shīʻah --- 297 --- Imamites --- Shia --- Shiism --- Twelvers (Islam) --- Islamic sects --- Alids --- History. --- Islam. Mohammedanisme --- Doctrines&delete& --- Shīʻah.

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"In this book, Shaul Mishal and Ori Goldberg explore the ways in which Shiite leaderships in Iran and Lebanon approach themselves and their world. Contrary to the violent and radical image of religious leaderships in the Islamic Republic of Iran and Lebanese Hizballah, the political vision and practice of these leaderships view the world as a middle ground, shying away from absolutist and extremist tendencies. The political leadership assumed by Shiite religious scholars in Iran and Lebanon has transformed Shiite Islam from a marginalized minority to a highly politicized avant garde of Muslim presence, revitalized the practice and causes of political Islam in its struggle for legitimacy and authority, and reshaped the politics of the Middle East and the globe in its image. Utilizing approaches from social theory, history, theology, and literary criticism, the book presents these leaderships as pragmatic, interpretative entities with the potential to form fruitful relationships between Shiite leadership and the non-Shiite world"--

Shiites --- Shīʻah --- Political leadership --- Islam and politics --- Political culture --- Political activity --- Political aspects --- Iran --- Lebanon --- Politics and government --- Shīʻah --- Leadership --- Culture --- Political science --- Shia Muslims --- Shiah Muslims --- Shiahs --- Shias --- Shiite Muslims --- Muslims --- Imamites --- Shia --- Shiism --- Twelvers (Islam) --- Islamic sects --- Alids --- Shiites - Political activity - Iran --- Shīʻah - Political aspects - Iran --- Political leadership - Iran --- Islam and politics - Iran --- Shiites - Political activity - Lebanon --- Shīʻah - Political aspects - Lebanon --- Political leadership - Lebanon --- Islam and politics - Lebanon --- Political culture - Lebanon --- Iran - Politics and government - 1997 --- -Lebanon - Politics and government - 1990 --- -Shiites

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Toby Matthiesen traces the politics of the Shia in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia from the nineteenth century until the present day. This book outlines the difficult experiences of being Shia in a Wahhabi state, and casts new light on how the Shia have mobilised politically to change their position. Shia petitioned the rulers, joined secular opposition parties and founded Islamist movements. Most Saudi Shia opposition activists profited from an amnesty in 1993 and subsequently found a place in civil society and the public sphere. However, since 2011 a new Shia protest movement has again challenged the state. The Other Saudis shows how exclusionary state practices created an internal Other and how sectarian discrimination has strengthened Shia communal identities. The book is based on little-known Arabic sources, extensive fieldwork in Saudi Arabia and interviews with key activists. Of immense geopolitical importance, the oil-rich Eastern Province is a crucial but little known factor in regional politics and Gulf security.

Shīʻah --- Sunnites --- Sects --- Islam and politics --- Dissenters --- Dissidents --- Nonconformists --- Rebels (Social psychology) --- Conformity --- Islam --- Politics and Islam --- Political science --- Denominations, Religious --- Religions, Modern --- Religious denominations --- Religions --- Cults --- Shiites --- Relations --- Sunnites. --- Shīʻah. --- Political aspects --- History. --- Sharqīyah (Saudi Arabia : Province) --- Eastern Province (Saudi Arabia) --- Minṭaqah al-Sharqīyah (Saudi Arabia) --- ash Sharqīyah, Saudi Arabia (Province) --- Politics and government. --- Religion. --- Political activity --- Shia Muslims --- Shiah Muslims --- Shiahs --- Shias --- Shiite Muslims --- Muslims