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The Lost Matriarch offers a unique response to the sparse and puzzling biblical treatment of the matriarch Leah. Although Leah is a major figure in the book of Genesis, the biblical text allows her only a single word of physical description and two lines of direct dialogue. The Bible tells us little about the effects of her lifelong struggles in an apparently loveless marriage to Jacob, the husband she shares with three other wives, including her beautiful younger sister, Rachel. Fortunately, two thousand years of traditional and modern commentators have produced many fascinating int

Jacob (Biblical patriarch). --- Leah (Biblical matriarch). --- Leah (Biblical matriarch) -- In rabbinical literature. --- Religion --- Philosophy & Religion --- Christianity

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Episcopat --- Episcopaat: aartsbisschop; primaat; bisschop; metropoliet; patriarch; exarch --- -Episcopaat: aartsbisschop; primaat; bisschop; metropoliet; patriarch; exarch --- 262.12 Episcopaat: aartsbisschop; primaat; bisschop; metropoliet; patriarch; exarch --- -262.12 Episcopaat: aartsbisschop; primaat; bisschop; metropoliet; patriarch; exarch --- Bishops --- Church history --- Episcopacy --- 262.12 --- 27 "00/05" --- Collegiality of bishops --- Church polity --- Apostolic succession --- Apostolic Church --- Christianity --- Church, Apostolic --- Early Christianity --- Early church --- Primitive and early church --- Primitive Christianity --- Fathers of the church --- Great Apostasy (Mormon doctrine) --- Archbishops --- Clergy --- Major orders --- Metropolitans --- Orders, Major --- Chaplains, Bishops' --- History --- Kerkgeschiedenis--?"00/05" --- Collegiality --- History. --- Evêques --- Eglise --- Histoire

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Around the year 339 CE, Simeon bar Sabbae (the bishop of Seleucia-Ctesiphon on the Tigris) was killed by the Persian king Shapur II. Simeon was arrested for refusing to collect taxes from his flock, and he was beheaded for disobeying the king’s order to worship the sun. The bishop of Seleucia-Ctesiphon was no minor figure. In fact, Simeon’s martyr acts proclaim that he was the leader of the Christians of Persia and the protomartyr of Shapur’s forty-year persecution. Curiously, however, two very different versions of Simeon’s death exist. Each is presented here with an accompanying translation and notes. The shorter and earlier version of Simeon’s death, the Martyrdom, compares the Christians of Persia to the Maccabees and equates Simeon with the great Jewish warrior Judah the Maccabee. The much longer and later version, the History, takes a different approach. Omitting all references to the Maccabees, the History compares the Christians of the East (Persia) to the persecuted Christians of the West (the Roman Empire) prior to Constantine. Simeon’s Martyrdom and History are fundamental sources for chronicling the history of Christianity in Sasanian Persia. Together, these texts testify to the centrality of martyrdom literature in late ancient Syriac Christianity, and they show how Persian Christians forged their own political and religious identities amidst the ongoing Christianization of the Roman Empire.

Martyrs --- Simeon bar Sabba'e, --- Church of the East --- History --- Iran --- Church history --- History. --- Church history. --- Martyrs - Iran --- Symeon Bar-Sabba'e, m. --- Simeon bar Sabba'e, - Saint, Patriarch of the Church of the East, - 316-341 --- Iran - Church history

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This work provides a new starting point for studying the origins of church offices. Alistair Stewart, a leading authority on early Christianity and a meticulous scholar, provides essential groundwork for historical and theological discussions. Stewart refutes a long-held consensus that church offices emerged from collective leadership at the end of the first century. He argues that governance by elders was unknown in the first centuries and that bishops emerged at the beginning of the church; however, they were nothing like bishops of a later period. The church offices as presently known emerged in the late second century. Stewart debunks widespread assumptions and misunderstandings, offers carefully nuanced readings of the ancient evidence, and fully interacts with pertinent secondary scholarship.

Church history --- Bishops --- Church officers --- Church polity --- History. --- History --- Church staff --- Officers, Church --- Archbishops --- Clergy --- Major orders --- Metropolitans --- Orders, Major --- Chaplains, Bishops' --- Episcopacy --- Apostolic Church --- Christianity --- Church, Apostolic --- Early Christianity --- Early church --- Primitive and early church --- Primitive Christianity --- Fathers of the church --- Great Apostasy (Mormon doctrine) --- 262.12 --- 262.12 Episcopaat: aartsbisschop; primaat; bisschop; metropoliet; patriarch; exarch --- Episcopaat: aartsbisschop; primaat; bisschop; metropoliet; patriarch; exarch --- Church history - Primitive and early church, ca. 30-600. --- Bishops - History. --- Church officers - History. --- Church polity - History.

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This volume concerns the theology of scripture of Cyril of Alexandria (c.376-444), whose surviving corpus is the second largest among eastern patristic authors. Matthew R. Crawford examines texts which have received little previous attention as well as situating Cyril in his broader intellectual context.

Trinity --- Early works to 1800. --- Cyril, --- 276 =75 CYRILLUS ALEXANDRINUS --- 276:22 --- Griekse patrologie--CYRILLUS ALEXANDRINUS --- Patrologie en exegese --- 276:22 Patrologie en exegese --- Theology. --- Christian theology --- Theology --- Theology, Christian --- Christianity --- Religion --- Cirillo, --- Cyrille, --- Cyrillus, --- Cirilo, --- Kiwregh, --- Kirill, --- Kyrill, --- Kyrillos, --- Κύριλλος, --- Кирилл, --- Iskandarī, Kīrullus, --- ‏إسكندري، كيرلس --- Trinity - Early works to 1800. --- Cyril, - Saint, Patriarch of Alexandria, - approximately 370-444.