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This book is designed to introduce the reader to the field of NMR/MRI at very low magnetic fields, from milli-Tesla to micro-Tesla, the ultra-low field (ULF) regime. The book is focused on applications to imaging the human brain, and hardware methods primarily based upon pre-polarization methods and SQUID-based detection. The goal of the text is to provide insight and tools for the reader to better understand what applications are best served by ULF NMR/MRI approaches. A discussion of the hardware challenges, such as shielding, operation of SQUID sensors in a dynamic field environment, and pul
Nuclear magnetic resonance. --- Magnetic resonance imaging. --- Clinical magnetic resonance imaging --- Diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging --- Functional magnetic resonance imaging --- Imaging, Magnetic resonance --- Medical magnetic resonance imaging --- MR imaging --- MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging) --- NMR imaging --- Nuclear magnetic resonance --- Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging --- Cross-sectional imaging --- Diagnostic imaging --- Magnetic resonance, Nuclear --- NMR (Nuclear magnetic resonance) --- Nuclear spin resonance --- Resonance, Nuclear spin --- Magnetic resonance --- Nuclear spin --- Nuclear quadrupole resonance --- Diagnostic use
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The book is devoted to the description of the fundamentals of various radiospectroscopic methods in the area of magnetic resonance and their use for the investigation of molecular structure and dynamics and for some technical applications. This book covers two domains: radiospectroscopy and quantum radioelectronics. Radiospectroscopy comprises nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), nuclear quadrupolar resonance (NQR), and some other phenomena. The radiospectroscopic methods are widely used for obtaining the information on internal (micro and macro) structure of objects investigated. There are no direct analogues of magnetic relaxation processes among the physical phenomena that define spectra in infrared, visible and higher frequency spectroscopy. Relaxation parameters are directly related to molecular mobility and thus represent an unique source of information on velocity and types of thermal motion. One of the most spectacular developments is the concept of double (multi) resonances (NMR–ESR, NMR–NQR, NMR–NMR and so on). Quantum radioelectronics, which was developed on the basis of radiospectroscopic methods, deals with processes in quantum amplifiers, generators and magnetometers. These devices possess record-breaking characteristics: quantum generators demonstrate the highest frequency stability; quantum amplifiers possess the lowest level of set noise; quantum magnetometers are very fruitful tool for measuring weak magnetic fields (such as the Earth field). The introductory chapter provides the necessary underpinning knowledge for newcomers to the methods. The exposition of theoretical materials goes from initial to final formulas through detailed intermediate expressions.
Nuclear magnetic resonance. --- Magnetic resonance. --- Resonance, Magnetic --- Atoms --- Magnetic fields --- Nuclear spin --- Magnetic resonance, Nuclear --- NMR (Nuclear magnetic resonance) --- Nuclear spin resonance --- Resonance, Nuclear spin --- Magnetic resonance --- Nuclear quadrupole resonance --- Medicine. --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Magnetism. --- Biomedicine general. --- Condensed Matter Physics. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Magnetism, Magnetic Materials. --- Mathematical physics --- Physics --- Electricity --- Magnetics --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Health Workforce --- Condensed matter. --- Physical chemistry. --- Magnetic materials. --- Biomedicine, general. --- Materials --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Chemistry --- Condensed materials --- Condensed media --- Condensed phase --- Materials, Condensed --- Media, Condensed --- Phase, Condensed --- Liquids --- Matter --- Solids --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical.
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