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Pragmatics --- Linguistics --- Pragmalinguistics --- General semantics --- Language and languages --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Linguistic science --- Science of language --- Philosophy
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Linguistics --- Semantics --- Pragmatics --- Pragmalinguistics --- Formal semantics --- Semasiology --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Linguistic science --- Science of language --- linguistics --- pragmatics --- semantics --- General semantics --- Language and languages --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Comparative linguistics --- Information theory --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Philosophy
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Based on a corpus of Austrian students' texts from three disciplines (personnel management, business psychology, economic history) analysed with Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST), this paper investigates the macro-structural expectations which tables of content (ToCs) raise, the cues by which these expectations are triggered, and the "predictive quality" of ToCs. The ToCs in the personnel management group's texts offer the best "prediction" of the actual macrostructures,whereas in the other two groups ToC and textual macro-structures diverge from each other in various ways. The analysis also shows a
Cohesion (Linguistics) --- Discourse analysis. --- Pragmatics. --- Pragmalinguistics --- General semantics --- Language and languages --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Discourse grammar --- Text grammar --- Semantics --- Semiotics --- Coherence (Linguistics) --- Cohesiveness (Linguistics) --- Discourse analysis --- Linguistics --- Philosophy
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This readable book presents a new general theoretical understanding of politeness. It offers an account of a wide range of politeness phenomena in English, illustrated by hundreds of examples of actual language use taken largely from authentic British and American sources. Building on his earlier pioneering work on politeness, Geoffrey Leech takes a pragmatic approach that is based on the controversial notion that politeness is communicative altruism. Leech's 1983 book, Principles of Pragmatics, introduced the now widely-accepted distinction between pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic aspects of politeness; this book returns to the pragmalinguistic side, somewhat neglected in recent work. Drawing on neo-Gricean thinking, Leech rejects the prevalent view that it is impossible to apply the terms 'polite' or 'impolite' to linguistic phenomena. Leech covers all major speech acts that are either positively or negatively associated with politeness, such as requests, apologies, compliments, offers, criticisms, good wishes, condolences, congratulations, agreement, and disagreement. Additional chapters deal with impoliteness and the related phenomena of irony (mock politeness) and banter (mock impoliteness), and with the role of politeness in the learning of English as a second language. A final chapter takes a fascinating look at more than a thousand years of history of politeness in the English language.
Politeness (Linguistics) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Pragmatics. --- Pragmalinguistics --- General semantics --- Language and languages --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Honorific --- Courtesy (Linguistics) --- Linguistics --- Honorific. --- Philosophy --- Polite form --- Philology --- Grammar, Comparative and general - Honorific --- Pragmatics --- Grammar, Comparative and general Honorific
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This article presents the results of a study carried out with Spanish Universitystudents on their use of strategies of (in)directness when expressing complaints,disapprovals and disagreements in English and Spanish. We adopt a role-playeliciting procedure for the collection of what a speaker thinks and what s/heactually says in a given situation. Our results show a tendency to mitigate theactual words uttered with regard to the thought processes in both languages.However, while in English students show a preference for conventional indirectness,in Spanish there is a greater variation in the st
Pragmatics --- Discourse analysis --- Functionalism (Linguistics) --- Discourse analysis. --- Pragmatics. --- Functionalism (Linguistics). --- Functional analysis (Linguistics) --- Functional grammar --- Functional linguistics --- Functional-structural analysis (Linguistics) --- Grammar, Functional --- Grammatical functions --- Linguistics --- Structural linguistics --- Pragmalinguistics --- General semantics --- Language and languages --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Discourse grammar --- Text grammar --- Semantics --- Semiotics --- Philosophy
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Pragmatics --- Cohesion (Linguistics) --- Discourse analysis. --- Pragmatics. --- 801.56 --- 802.0-56 --- 803.0-56 --- Pragmalinguistics --- General semantics --- Language and languages --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Discourse grammar --- Text grammar --- Semantics --- Semiotics --- Coherence (Linguistics) --- Cohesiveness (Linguistics) --- Discourse analysis --- Linguistics --- Syntaxis. Semantiek --- Engels: syntaxis; semantiek --- Duits: syntaxis; semantiek --- Philosophy --- 803.0-56 Duits: syntaxis; semantiek --- 802.0-56 Engels: syntaxis; semantiek --- 801.56 Syntaxis. Semantiek
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Discourse is language as it occurs, in any form or context, beyond the speech act. It may be written or spoken, monological or dialogical, but there is always a communicative aim or purpose. The present volume provides systematic orientation in the vast field of studying discourse from a pragmatic perspective. It first gives an overview of a range of approaches developed for the analysis of discourse, including, among others, conversation analysis, systemic-functional analysis, genre analysis, critical discourse analysis, corpus-driven approaches and multimodal analysis. The focus is furthermore on functional units in discourse, such as discourse markers, moves, speech act sequences, discourse phases and silence. The final section of the volume examines discourse types and domains, providing a taxonomy of discourse types and focusing on a range of discourse domains, e.g. classroom discourse, medical discourse, legal discourse, electronic discourse. Each article surveys the current state of the art of the respective topic area while also presenting new research findings.
Discourse analysis --- Conversation analysis. --- Discourse markers. --- Pragmatics. --- Pragmatik. --- Pragmatics --- Social aspects. --- Pragmalinguistics --- Discourse connectives --- Discourse particles --- Pragmatic markers --- Pragmatic particles --- Analysis of conversation --- CA (Interpersonal communication) --- Conversational analysis --- General semantics --- Language and languages --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Oral communication --- Philosophy --- Discourse analysis - Social aspects --- Conversation analysis --- Discourse markers --- Applied Linguistics, Pragmatics, Discourse Linguistic.
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Corpus linguistics is a long-established method which uses authentic language data, stored in extensive computer corpora, as the basis for linguistic research. Moving away from the traditional intuitive approach to linguistics, which used made-up examples, corpus linguistics has made a significant contribution to all areas of the field. Until very recently, corpus linguistics has focused almost exclusively on syntax and the lexicon; however corpus-based approaches to the other subfields of linguistics are now rapidly emerging, and this is the first handbook on corpus pragmatics as a field. Bringing together a team of leading scholars from around the world, this handbook looks at how the use of corpus data has informed research into different key aspects of pragmatics, including pragmatic principles, pragmatic markers, evaluation, reference, speech acts, and conversational organisation.
Lexicology. Semantics --- Historical linguistics --- Pragmatics --- Pragmatics. --- Corpora (Linguistics) --- Historical linguistics. --- Corpus-based analysis (Linguistics) --- Corpus linguistics --- Linguistic analysis (Linguistics) --- Diachronic linguistics --- Dynamic linguistics --- Evolutionary linguistics --- Language and languages --- Language and history --- Linguistics --- Pragmalinguistics --- General semantics --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- History --- Philosophy
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The syntax of Control structures remains a topic of heated debate: Standard generative treatments continue to analyze them in terms of PRO, a hypothesis challenged in alternative syntactic frameworks, semantic circles, and even within the generative tradition itself. This book: (a) examines empirical paradigms currently assumed to favor a PRO approach over competing theories, demonstrating that alternative approaches offer equally plausible treatments of these facts; (b) develops five novel arguments amenable to analysis only within a PRO approach; (c) puts forth a radically revised PRO approach to Control according to which PRO continues to be analyzed as a non-expletive nominal, but one lacking phi- and Case features in the computational component. Contra standard theory, PRO is argued to never undergo movement to a position even as high as the first NegP that dominates its initial merge position. Furthermore, Control complements are shown to take the form of such diverse categories as CP, IP, vP and VP; and (d) considers how a syntactically phi-featureless noun comes to be understood to bear phi-features, as well as how tense limits PRO's distribution in a here-to-fore unnoticed fashion.
Control (Linguistics) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Grammar, Comparative and general. --- Comparative grammar --- Grammar --- Grammar, Philosophical --- Grammar, Universal --- Language and languages --- Philosophical grammar --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Infinitival constructions --- Infinitive constructions --- Generative grammar --- Infinitival constructions. --- Grammar, Comparative --- Infinitive clauses --- Infinitive phrases --- Syntax --- Pragmatics --- Pragmalinguistics --- General semantics --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Philosophy --- Control Theory. --- Generative Grammar. --- Semantics. --- Syntax.
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Language is intimately related to interaction. The question arises: Is the structure of interaction somehow mirrored in language structure and use? This book suggests a positive answer to this question by examining the ubiquitous phenomenon of fictive interaction, in which non-genuine conversational turns appear in discourse, even within clauses, phrases, and lexical items (e.g. "Not happy? Money back! guarantee"). The book is based on a collection of hundreds of examples of fictive interaction at all grammatical levels from a wide variety of spoken, written, and signed languages, and from man
Conversation analysis --- Discourse analysis --- Pragmatics. --- Psycholinguistics. --- Language, Psychology of --- Language and languages --- Psychology of language --- Speech --- Linguistics --- Psychology --- Thought and thinking --- Pragmalinguistics --- General semantics --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Analysis of conversation --- CA (Interpersonal communication) --- Conversational analysis --- Oral communication --- Psychological aspects. --- Psychological aspects --- Philosophy
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