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Azië

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De strijd om de Grote OceaanIn de 20ste eeuw gingen de oorlogen en diplomatieke conflicten over landsgrenzen en landstreken.In de 21ste eeuw draait het om de macht op het water. Robert Kaplan richt ditmaal zijn scherpe oog en analyses op het gebied rond de Zuid-Chinese zee. Deze zee is de spil in een sluimerend conflict tussen China, Japan, Vietnam, de Filippijnen en Indonesië. Deze landen ruziën om onooglijk kleine eilandjes en de grenzen van territoriale wateren. De belangen zijn groot: de belangrijkste vaarroutes tussen het Midden-Oosten en Zuidoost-Azië lopen door dit gebied en de zeebodem zou rijk zijn aan natuurlijke hulpbronnen. Bovendien spelen nationalistische sentimenten in toenemende mate een belangrijke rol.Bron : http://www.unieboekspectrum.nl

Azië --- Politiek --- Buitenlandse politiek --- Economische politiek --- Havens --- Nationalisme --- Diplomatie --- Azië : economie ; 2000 --- -Azië ; politiek ; 2000 --- -Azië en het Westen ; 2000 --- -Azië --- Haven --- Nederland --- Vietnam --- Zuid-Afrika --- Kust --- Maatschappij --- Film --- Literatuur --- -Azië : economie ; 2000

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The main research objective is to decipher the role of both water conditions and water conflicts in the interplay of the rural settlements and productive landscapes that constitute the Chia-Nan Plain, Taiwan. Consequently, the research considers Taiwans (r)urban design from three main perspectives: (1) rural water management; (2) vulnerable productive landscapes; and (3) fragmentated peri-urban settlements. The rural economies of Taiwan have been experiencing a shift from agriculture to high-technology industry, while the rural population remained stable and aging. Therefore, the research focuses on the challenges regarding the environmental and economic transformations of the rural areas in the Chia-Nan Plain. The research applies descriptive and interpretive mapping methodologies to review the patterns of interactions between cultivation behaviours and rural settlement morphologies in the Chia-Nan Plainthe rice basket of Taiwan. The research furthermore discusses the crucial logics behind the formation of settlements in this region as a result of rural-urban interactions. Hence, three layers (water, productive landscape, and scales of production) in the productive surface, that are critical to the spatial environment, are highlighted in the research. These three layers characterize its social and spatial networks for territorial development, and build up the fundamental structures and activities of the region. Three new hypotheses in the form of urban design investigations, are tested: (1) a qualitative water landscape which could guide the deurbanization in the post-agricultural regions; (2) a qualitative water productive landscape that could be an engine of new rural economic development; and (3) new scales of production which could change land patterns. The design research for the Chia-Nan plain concentrates mainly on the ability of the potential new rural settlement forms to adapt to the contemporary requirements that result from climate change and economic shifts. Extreme weather conditions, such as floods and droughts, are both new realities. The increasing frequency of storms has led to massive floods in both low-lying fields and along the coastline, and droughts have resulted in a fight of water usage between agriculture and high-technology industry. The research employs two case studies to discuss two different water-related productive landscapes (paddy and aquatic landscapes), and explores how innovative urban design propositions and water management measures in these territories can be adapted to benefit the environment. The areas investigated by these two case studies are located in two different geographical conditionsplain and coastal areasof the Chia-Nan Plain. They face two different challenges, namely water retention and land subsidence. The two case studies are initiated by historical analysis and the deciphering of contemporary projects, via-a-vis layered narratives and contested territories of specific sites. Design research concludes the two studies, that intend to innovate an approach for Taiwans urban design and water management in the interplay of rural settlements and productive landscapes. They verify the three hypotheses. In short, the research uses research by design. It explores spatial strategies that aim to have the potential to meet the changes of contemporary society and steer necessary environmental transformations. The research therefore draws on and contributes to the field of landscape urbanism in Asian agrarian territories, which are currently undergoing unprecedented transformation, in speed, scale and scope. The research will enable new possibilities for a productive terrain to generate new public realm, which can be used by urban and landscape designs to structure a deurbanizing agrarian territory.

711.4 <5> --- Academic collection --- Gemeentelijke planologie. Stadsplanning. Stedenbouw--Azië --- Theses --- 711.4 <5> Gemeentelijke planologie. Stadsplanning. Stedenbouw--Azië

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"De auteur wil het enorme belang van Zuid- en Oost-Aziatische culturen in het ontstaan van het moderne sociaal-economische denken onderstrepen. In een geglobaliseerde wereld waar India en China een steeds belangrijkere plaats gaan innemen, is het van essentieel belang om succesvol interculturele communicatie op gang te brengen en te zoeken naar internationaal erkende ethische regels. Een methode om dit te bereiken is het vergelijken van religieuze en filosofische bronnen van het sociaal-economische denken. De Vylder geeft aan dat het Oost- en Zuid-Aziatische denken kan bijdragen tot het kritisch interpreteren van de huidige sociaal-economische crisis, maar stelt tegelijk de uniekheid van zowel het Oosten en het Westen in vraag om op die basis universele sociaal-economische waarden te identificeren"

Economic order --- History of Asia --- Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- India --- China --- Azië --- economische geschiedenis --- 405 --- 33 --- Asia --- History --- Socioeconomic factors --- Azië

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Hardly more than a decade old, the twenty-first century has already been dubbed the Asian Century in recognition of China and India's increasing importance in world affairs. Yet discussions of Asia seem fixated on economic indicators-gross national product, per capita income, share of global trade. Makers of Modern Asia reorients our understanding of contemporary Asia by highlighting the political leaders, not billionaire businessmen, who helped launch the Asian Century.The nationalists who crafted modern Asia were as much thinkers as activists, men and women who theorized and organized anticolonial movements, strategized and directed military campaigns, and designed and implemented political systems. The eleven thinker-politicians whose portraits are presented here were a mix of communists, capitalists, liberals, authoritarians, and proto-theocrats-a group as diverse as the countries they represent.From China, the world's most populous country, come four: Mao Zedong, leader of the Communist Revolution; Zhou Enlai, his close confidant; Deng Xiaoping, purged by Mao but rehabilitated to play a critical role in Chinese politics in later years; and Chiang Kai-shek, whose Kuomintang party formed the basis of modern Taiwan. From India, the world's largest democracy, come three: Mohandas Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Indira Gandhi, all of whom played crucial roles in guiding India toward independence and prosperity. Other exemplary nationalists include Vietnam's Ho Chi Minh, Indonesia's Sukarno, Singapore's Lee Kuan Yew, and Pakistan's Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto. With contributions from leading scholars, Makers of Modern Asia illuminates the intellectual and ideological foundations of Asia's spectacular rise to global prominence.Bron : http://www.amazon.com

Politiek --- Buitenlandse politiek --- Politieke geschiedenis --- Politieke theorie --- Azië --- China --- Taiwan --- India --- Indonesië --- Singapore --- Pakistan --- Vietnam