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This book explores a number of issues related to the stigma arising from HIV/AIDS infection, perceived or actual discrimination from the community and society, and the extent of vulnerabilities for infected Asian refugees and immigrants. It assesses the health care and treatment regimen for HIV/AIDS accessed by immigrants and refugee claimants in North America, including treatments offered by the health-care system and ethnic communities, and their perceptions and biases relating to HIV/AIDS issues. On another level, the book identifies the ways in which HIV-sufferer immigrants and refugees/refugee claimants from Asia are vulnerable to discrimination due to 1) lack of information about HIV/AIDS incidence in the community; 2) inability of the health system to respond appropriately; and 3) the community’s need for introspection on their own health issues. This book reveals the dynamics that influence choice, behavior, and lifestyle of HIV sufferer immigrants, adds to the existing knowledge about refugees and migrants, and proposes a unified theory of discrimination and stigmatization within the context of human rights. In addition, the book presents a number of policy recommendations based on empirical findings with a view to helping reshape polices regarding refugee HIV sufferers and their social ramifications. This book will be of interest to researchers and students in any field from social sciences, health and psychology, as well as practitioners in the field of development and public policy. The book will be beneficial to policy formulators and implementers engaged in addressing the serious threat emanating from the HIV/AIDS pandemic.

International relations. Foreign policy --- Human rights --- Public administration --- Hygiene. Public health. Protection --- HIV infecties --- volksgezondheid --- mensenrechten --- AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) --- internationale betrekkingen --- administratie

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Over the last several years the field of humanized mice has matured and developed into an essential component of translational research for HIV/AIDS. Humanized mice serve both as vehicles for discovery and as highly sophisticated platforms for biomedical research. In addition, humanized mice have demonstrated outstanding potential for the investigation of critical aspects of the infection and pathogenesis of the hepatitis and herpes viruses, as well as highly relevant microbial infections such as tuberculosis and malaria. Humanized Mice for HIV Research provides a comprehensive presentation of the history, evolution, applications, and current state of the art of this unique animal model.  As an expansion of twelve review articles that were published in Humanized Mice by Springer in 2008 (Eds: Nomura T, Watanabe T, Habu S), this book expertly captures the outstanding progress that has been made in the development, improvement, implementation, and validation of humanized mouse models. The first two parts of this book cover the basics of human-to-mouse xenotransplantation biology, and provide critical information about human immune cell development and function based on individual models created from different immunodeficient strains of mice. The third and fourth parts investigate HIV-1 biology, including different routes of transmission, prevention, treatment, pathogenesis, and the development of adaptive immunity in humanized mice. The fifth part shows the broad applicability of humanized mice for therapeutic development, from long-acting antiretroviral combinations to genetic manipulations with human cells and cell-based approaches. The sixth part includes liver tissue engineering and the expansion of humanized mice for many other human cell-tropic pathogens.   About the Editors The Editors have well-documented track records in each of the subject areas covered, including HIV neuropathogenesis and therapeutics (Larisa Y. Poluektova, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA), developing novel humanized mouse models and pioneering applications for HIV transmission, prevention, persistency and eradication (J. Victor Garcia, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA), retrovirology and host restriction factors (Yoshio Koyanagi, Center for Human Retrovirus Research, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Japan), hematopoiesis and cytokine transgenic expression (Markus G. Manz, Division of Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Switzerland), and developing adaptive immunity to HIV in humanized mice (Andrew M. Tager, Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, USA). .

General microbiology --- Immunology. Immunopathology --- Medical microbiology, virology, parasitology --- Pathological biochemistry --- Human medicine --- immunologie --- HIV infecties --- medische microbiologie --- muizen (dieren) --- medische biochemie --- medische virologie --- biochemie --- biomedische wetenschappen --- microbiologie --- virologie --- AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) --- malaria

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For young gay men who came of age in the United States in the 1980s, the HIV/AIDS epidemic was a formative experience in fear, hardship, and loss. Those who were diagnosed before 1996 suffered an exceptionally high rate of mortality, and the survivors -- both the infected individuals and those close to them -- today constitute a ""bravest generation"" in American history. The AIDS Generation: Stories of Survival and Resilience examines the strategies for survival and coping employed by these HIV-positive gay men, who together constitute the first generation of long-term survivors of the diseas

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome --- Epidemics --- HIV Long-Term Survivors --- History, 20th Century --- History, 21st Century --- Homosexuality, Male --- HIV-positive gay men --- AIDS (Disease) --- Homosexuels masculins séropositifs --- Sida --- history --- psychology --- Social conditions --- Psychology --- Interviews --- Patients --- Conditions sociales --- Psychologie --- Entretiens --- Acquired immune deficiency syndrome --- Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome --- Acquired immunological deficiency syndrome --- HIV infections --- Immunological deficiency syndromes --- Virus-induced immunosuppression

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This Brief describes the concept and realization of gene therapy for HIV from the unique historic perspective and insight of two pioneers of the clinical applications of stem cell gene therapy for HIV. Gerhard Bauer applied ribozyme-anti-HIV and other vectors to manufacture clinical grade, HIV-resistant hematopoietic stem cells for the first patients that received stem cell gene therapy for HIV, including the first child in the world and the first fully marrow-ablated HIV infected patient. Joseph Anderson developed the most recent and most potent combination anti-HIV lentiviral vectors and pluripotent stem cell applications for HIV gene therapy and tested these in the appropriate in vitro and vivo models, paving the way for novel HIV gene therapy approaches to possibly cure patients. In Gene Therapy for HIV, Bauer and Anderson discuss the unique aspects of this therapy, including its limitations and proper safety precautions and outline a path for a possible functional cure for HIV using stem cell gene therapy based on a cure already achieved with a bone marrow stem cell transplantation performed in Germany using donor stem cells with a naturally arising CCR5 mutation. In addition, the Brief provides a thorough and methodical explanation of the basics of gene therapy, gene therapy vector development, in vitro and in vivo models for HIV gene therapy and clinical applications of HIV gene therapy, including Good Manufacturing Practices.

AIDS (Disease) -- Gene therapy. --- Gene therapy. --- Immunogenetics. --- HIV infections --- AIDS (Disease) --- Lentivirus Infections --- Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral --- Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes --- Immune System Diseases --- Retroviridae Infections --- Sexually Transmitted Diseases --- RNA Virus Infections --- Diseases --- Virus Diseases --- HIV Infections --- Public Health --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Communicable Diseases --- Gene therapy --- HIV infections. --- Genetic aspects. --- Acquired immune deficiency syndrome --- Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome --- Acquired immunological deficiency syndrome --- HIV (Viruses) infections --- HTLV-III infections --- HTLV-III-LAV infections --- Human T-lymphotropic virus III infections --- Therapy, Gene --- Medicine. --- Immunology. --- Vaccines. --- Virology. --- Biomedicine. --- Gene Therapy. --- Vaccine. --- Genetic engineering --- Therapeutics --- Microbiology --- Biologicals --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Lentivirus infections --- Sexually transmitted diseases --- Immunological deficiency syndromes --- Virus-induced immunosuppression --- Medical virology. --- Medical microbiology --- Virology --- Virus diseases

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Over the last several years the field of humanized mice has matured and developed into an essential component of translational research for HIV/AIDS. Humanized mice serve both as vehicles for discovery and as highly sophisticated platforms for biomedical research. In addition, humanized mice have demonstrated outstanding potential for the investigation of critical aspects of the infection and pathogenesis of the hepatitis and herpes viruses, as well as highly relevant microbial infections such as tuberculosis and malaria. Humanized Mice for HIV Research provides a comprehensive presentation of the history, evolution, applications, and current state of the art of this unique animal model.  As an expansion of twelve review articles that were published in Humanized Mice by Springer in 2008 (Eds: Nomura T, Watanabe T, Habu S), this book expertly captures the outstanding progress that has been made in the development, improvement, implementation, and validation of humanized mouse models. The first two parts of this book cover the basics of human-to-mouse xenotransplantation biology, and provide critical information about human immune cell development and function based on individual models created from different immunodeficient strains of mice. The third and fourth parts investigate HIV-1 biology, including different routes of transmission, prevention, treatment, pathogenesis, and the development of adaptive immunity in humanized mice. The fifth part shows the broad applicability of humanized mice for therapeutic development, from long-acting antiretroviral combinations to genetic manipulations with human cells and cell-based approaches. The sixth part includes liver tissue engineering and the expansion of humanized mice for many other human cell-tropic pathogens.   About the Editors The Editors have well-documented track records in each of the subject areas covered, including HIV neuropathogenesis and therapeutics (Larisa Y. Poluektova, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA), developing novel humanized mouse models and pioneering applications for HIV transmission, prevention, persistency and eradication (J. Victor Garcia, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA), retrovirology and host restriction factors (Yoshio Koyanagi, Center for Human Retrovirus Research, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Japan), hematopoiesis and cytokine transgenic expression (Markus G. Manz, Division of Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Switzerland), and developing adaptive immunity to HIV in humanized mice (Andrew M. Tager, Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, USA). .

HIV (Viruses) --- Mice as laboratory animals --- Animals, Genetically Modified --- Lentivirus Infections --- Microbiology --- Animal Population Groups --- Animal Diseases --- Retroviridae Infections --- Biology --- Diseases --- Animals --- Eukaryota --- RNA Virus Infections --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Organisms --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Virus Diseases --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Virology --- Animals, Laboratory --- HIV Infections --- Disease Models, Animal --- Mice, Transgenic --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Microbiology & Immunology --- Research --- Mice as laboratory animals. --- AIDS (Disease) --- Research. --- AIDS-associated retrovirus --- AIDS virus --- ARV (Viruses) --- HTLV-III (Viruses) --- HTLV-III-LAV (Viruses) --- Human immunodeficiency viruses --- Human T-cell leukemia virus III --- Human T-cell lymphotropic virus III --- Human T-lymphotropic virus III --- IDAV (Viruses) --- Immunodeficiency-associated virus --- LAV (Viruses) --- LAV-HTLV-III (Viruses) --- Lymphadenopathy-associated virus --- T-lymphotrophic virus III, Human --- Acquired immune deficiency syndrome --- Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome --- Acquired immunological deficiency syndrome --- Medicine. --- Immunology. --- Medical microbiology. --- Virology. --- Biomedicine. --- Medical Microbiology. --- HTLV (Viruses) --- Virus-induced immunosuppression --- HIV infections --- Immunological deficiency syndromes --- Laboratory animals --- Microbiology. --- Medical virology. --- Medical microbiology --- Virus diseases --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Microbial biology --- Microorganisms