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It has been generally accepted that angiogenesis is involved in the pathogenesis of hematological malignancies, like acute and chronic leukemia, lymphoma, myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloproliferative neoplasms and multiple myeloma. The extent of angiogenesis in the bone marrow has been correlated with disease burden, prognosis and treatment outcome. Reciprocal positive and negative interactions between tumor cells and bone marrow stromal cells, namely hematopoietic stem cells, fibroblasts, osteoblasts/osteoclasts, endothelial cells, endothelial progenitor cells, T cells, macrophages and mast cells, mediated by an array of cytokines, receptors and adhesion molecules, modulate the angiogenic response in hematological tumors. More recently, it has been emphasized the pro-angiogenic role of the so called “vascular niche”, indicating a site rich in blood vessels where endothelial cells and mural cells such as pericytes and smooth muscle cells create a microenvironment that affects the behavior of several stem and progenitor cells, in hematological malignancies.

Growth factors --Physiological effect -- Congresses. --- Neovascularization -- Congresses. --- Neovascularization. --- Leukemia --- Neovascularization --- Neovascularization inhibitors --- Angiogenesis Modulating Agents --- Diseases --- Hematologic Diseases --- Neoplasms by Site --- Metaplasia --- Antineoplastic Agents --- Growth Inhibitors --- Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases --- Growth Substances --- Pathologic Processes --- Therapeutic Uses --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Physiological Effects of Drugs --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Angiogenesis Inhibitors --- Hematologic Neoplasms --- Neoplasms --- Neovascularization, Pathologic --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Oncology --- Therapeutic use --- Hematological oncology. --- Angiogenesis Inducing Agents. --- Tumors --- Blood-vessels. --- Cancer --- Blood-vessels --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Hematology. --- Oncology. --- Life sciences. --- Biomedicine. --- Cancer Research. --- Life Sciences, general. --- Hematology --- Oncology  . --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science --- Haematology --- Internal medicine --- Blood --- Cancer research