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When exactly did the “Parting of the Ways” between Jews and Christians take place? Was it already Jesus who separated himself and his followers from “the Jews?” Or did Paul make the decisive step with his mission of pagans? Or do we have to wait longer – until after 70 CE, when the Jerusalem Temple was destroyed, and different Jewish groups had to define their identities anew? Is the overall question perhaps formulated inadequately? In his new book, which goes back to the 2013 Deichmann lectures at Ben Gurion University, Beersheva, Tobias Nicklas shows that at least for the second and third centuries CE the overall idea of a parting of the ways between Jews and Christians is a misconception. Instead, one has to distinguish between the situations of different groups at different places and in different historical circumstances. Even concrete individuals could behave differently in different contexts of their lives. That’s why, now, much more dynamic images have to be found to describe ancient realities more adequately. Focussing on so-called “Christian” perspectives on the matter, Nicklas discusses images of “Jews” in early Christian writings, concepts of God and his Covenant with Israel, problems of “Christological” and “Ecclesiological” hermeneutics of Israel’s Scriptures, and, finally, the questions how different “Christian” groups treated matters of Halakha for believers in Christ.
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The papers in this volume are organized around the ambition to reboot the writing of history about Jews and Christians in the first two centuries CE. Many are convinced of the need for a new perspective on this crucial period that saw both the birth of rabbinic Judaism and apostolic Christianity and their parting of ways. Yet the traditional paradigm of Judaism and Christianity as being two totally different systems of life and thought still predominates in thought, handbooks, and programs of research and teaching. As a result, the sources are still being read as reflecting two separate histories, one Jewish and the other Christian. The contributors to the present work were invited to attempt to approach the ancient Jewish and Christian sources as belonging to one single history, precisely in order to get a better view of the process that separated both communities. In doing so, it is necessary to pay constant attention to the common factor affecting both communities: the Roman Empire. Roman history and Roman archaeology should provide the basis on which to study and write the shared history of Jews and Christians and the process of their separation. A basic intuition is that the series of wars between Jews and Romans between 66 and 135 CE – a phenomenon unrivalled in antiquity – must have played a major role in this process. Thus the papers are arranged around three focal points: (1) the varieties of Jewish and Christian expression in late Second Temple times, (2) the socio-economic, military, and ideological processes during the period of the revolts, and (3) the post-revolt Jewish and Christian identities that emerged. As such, the volume is part of a larger project that is to result in a source book and a history of Jews and Christians in the first and second centuries.
Christian church history --- Jewish religion --- anno 100-199 --- anno 1-99 --- 933.33 --- 27 "00/01" --- 933.5 --- Geschiedenis van het Joodse volk: Romeinse tijd I; Masadah; vernieling van deTempel--(63 v.Chr.-70 n.Chr.) --- Kerkgeschiedenis--?"00/01" --- Geschiedenis van het Joodse volk: na-bijbelse periode tot Arabische inval:--638 --- Conferences - Meetings --- 933.5 Geschiedenis van het Joodse volk: na-bijbelse periode tot Arabische inval:--638 --- 933.33 Geschiedenis van het Joodse volk: Romeinse tijd I; Masadah; vernieling van deTempel--(63 v.Chr.-70 n.Chr.) --- Jews --- Judaism --- Christians --- Church history --- Christianity and other religions --- History --- Judaïsme --- Eglise --- Christianisme --- Histoire --- Relations --- Christianity. --- Judaism. --- Philosophy. --- Philosophie --- Rome --- Juifs --- Chrétiens --- Judaïsme --- Chrétiens --- History. --- Religious adherents --- Religions --- Semites --- History, Modern --- Brotherhood Week --- Apostolic Church --- Christianity --- Church, Apostolic --- Early Christianity --- Early church --- Primitive and early church --- Primitive Christianity --- Fathers of the church --- Great Apostasy (Mormon doctrine) --- Hebrews --- Israelites --- Jewish people --- Jewry --- Judaic people --- Judaists --- Ethnology --- Religion --- Philosophy
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