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Mission. --- Mongolen. --- Mongols --- Mongols. --- Quelle. --- Ruysbroeck, Willem van, --- Travel. --- History --- Travel --- Rubruquis, Guilelmus de, --- Franziskaner. --- Geschichte 1253-1255. --- To 1500. --- Asia --- Asia. --- Mongolei (Landschaft). --- Mongolei. --- Description and travel

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"Towards the end of the thirteenth century the Nestorian monk, Rabban Sawma, together with his disciple Mark, set out from Khanbaliq (Beijing), the capital city of Kublai Khan's Mongol Empire, on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. Travelling through northern China and Central Asia they arrived at Maraghah, capital city of the Ilkhanate that was Mongol-ruled Persia. Military unrest prevented them from ever reaching Jerusalem but they did reah Baghdad, where Rabban Sawma spent many years. Summoned by Arghun Khan, the Ilkhan ruler and grand nephew of Kublai Khan, Sawma was made Ilkhanid ambassador and sent to Europe, first travelling to Constantinople to meet the Byzantine emperor and then to meet the kings of France and England as well as Pope Nicholas IV. Sawma's disciple, Mark, became the Nestorian Catholicus. Sawma's account of his travels provides unique information on the Ilkhans of Perisa and their dealings with the Mongol Christians as well as the events that led to the downfall of the Nestorian Church in China and further offers a unique picture of Medieval Europe through Asian eyes. Translated by Sir E.A. Wallis Budge, who also included a substantial introduction, the work is now rare. This edition contains a new introduction by Professor David Morgan, the leading scholar of the Mongol period."--Bloomsbury Publishing.

Assyrian Church of the East members --- Mongols --- Voyages and travels --- Travel --- Ṣâumā, --- Yabhalāhā --- Asia --- Description and travel

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The Buryats are a Mongolian population in Siberian Russia, the largest indigenous minority. The Socialist Way of Life in Siberia presents the dramatic transformation in their everyday lives during the late twentieth century. The book challenges the common notion that the process of modernization during the later Soviet period created a Buryat national assertiveness rather than assimilation or support for the state.

Social change --- Socialism --- Buriats --- Marxism --- Social democracy --- Socialist movements --- Collectivism --- Anarchism --- Communism --- Critical theory --- Buryats --- Mongols --- Change, Social --- Cultural change --- Cultural transformation --- Societal change --- Socio-cultural change --- Social history --- Social evolution --- Social aspects --- Social life and customs. --- Social conditions. --- Politics and government. --- Buri͡atii͡a (Russia) --- Бурятия (Russia) --- Buryatia (Russia) --- Respublika Buri︠a︡tii︠a︡ (Russia) --- Республика Бурятия (Russia) --- Republic of Buryatia (Russia) --- Buri︠a︡tskai︠a︡ S.S.R. (R.S.F.S.R.) --- Buri︠a︡tii︠a︡ (Russia) --- Bouriates --- Socialisme --- Changement social --- Politique et gouvernement --- Conditions sociales --- Moeurs et coutumes --- Siberia (Russia) --- Bouriatie (Russie) --- Sibérie (Russie) --- Social conditions --- Ethnic relations --- Relations interethniques --- Ethnic relations. --- 19th century, 20th century, Buddhism, Buryatia, Communism, Ethnography, Language policies, Minorities, Modernization, Political studies, Religion, Russia, Russian Empire, Siberia (Russia), Social change, Social conditions, Social life and customs, Soviet Union, Way of life. --- Buriats-Politics and government. --- Buriats-Social conditions. --- Buriats-Social life and customs. --- Socialism-Social aspects-Russia (Federation)-Buri︠a︡tii︠a︡. --- Shakespeare, William, --- Knowledge and learning. --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Europäische Union --- European Union. --- European Union --- Membership.

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Covering Portugal and Castile in the West to the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem in the East, this collection focuses on Muslim minorities living in Christian lands during the high Middle Ages, and examines to what extent notions of religious tolerance influenced Muslim-Christian relations. The authors call into question the applicability of modern ideas of toleration to medieval social relations, investigating the situation instead from the standpoint of human experience within the two religious cultures. Whereas this study offers no evidence of an evolution of coherent policy concerning treatment of minorities in these Christian domains, it does reveal how religious ideas and communitarian traditions worked together to blunt the harsh realities of the relations between victors and vanquished.The chapters in this volume include "The Mudejars of Castile and Portugal in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries" by Joseph F. O'Callaghan, "Muslims in the Thirteenth-Century Realms of Aragon: Interactions and Reaction" by Robert I. Burns, S.J., "The End of Muslim Sicily" by David S. H. Abulafia, "The Subjected Muslims of the Frankish Levant" by Benjamin Z. Kedar, and "The Papacy and the Muslim Frontier" by James M. Powell.Originally published in 1990.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Christianity and other religions --- Islam --- Muslims --- Mohammedans --- Moors (People) --- Moslems --- Muhammadans --- Musalmans --- Mussalmans --- Mussulmans --- Mussulmen --- Religious adherents --- Islam. --- Relations --- Christianity. --- History. --- Latin Orient. --- East, Latin --- Latin East --- Orient, Latin --- Islamic Empire --- Middle East --- Orient --- Latin Empire, 1204-1261 --- History --- 1st century. --- Abbasid Caliphate. --- Al-Andalus. --- Al-Maqrizi. --- Al-Mu'tamid. --- Alfonso VI. --- Alfonso X of Castile. --- Aljama. --- Almohad Caliphate. --- Amalric of Jerusalem. --- Arab culture. --- Arabic name. --- Arabic. --- Arabist. --- Battle of Muret. --- Bernard Crick. --- Caesarea. --- Caliphate of Córdoba. --- Canon law. --- Christian martyrs. --- Christian state. --- Church History (Eusebius). --- Conquest of Majorca. --- Constantine the Great. --- Continental Europe. --- Early Muslim conquests. --- Emirate of Granada. --- Eritrea. --- Fatimid Caliphate. --- Freeman (Colonial). --- Friar. --- Guido delle Colonne. --- Hanbali. --- Hebrew University of Jerusalem. --- Henricus. --- High Middle Ages. --- Hugh of Cluny. --- Iberian Peninsula. --- Ibn Arabi. --- Ibn Hud. --- Ibn Jubayr. --- Ibn Sab'in. --- International Institute of Islamic Thought. --- Islam and the West. --- Islam by country. --- Islam in Spain. --- Islamic culture. --- Islamic revival. --- Islamism. --- Judea (Roman province). --- Kingdom of Seville. --- Knights Hospitaller. --- Late Middle Ages. --- Latifundium. --- Latin Church. --- Latin Rule. --- Latin alphabet. --- Latins (Italic tribe). --- Lucera. --- Maarrat al-Nu'man. --- Modern Standard Arabic. --- Mongols. --- Moors. --- Mozarabs. --- Mudéjar. --- Muslim Brotherhood. --- Muslim world. --- Muslim. --- Muslims (nationality). --- Musulman. --- Names of God in Islam. --- New Latin. --- Oriental Orthodoxy. --- Peter the Venerable. --- Pope Boniface VIII. --- Pope Gelasius I. --- Pope Gregory IX. --- Pope Gregory VII. --- Pope Gregory VIII. --- Pope Paschal II. --- Pope Urban II. --- Pope. --- Primate (bishop). --- Principality of Antioch. --- Quran. --- Reconquista. --- Religion. --- Roman Rite. --- Sasanian Empire. --- Sicilia (Roman province). --- Sufism. --- Sunni Islam. --- Syria Palaestina. --- Templar of Tyre. --- Universal jurisdiction. --- Visigothic Code. --- Western Christianity. --- Westernization.

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This wide-ranging work, consisting of selected essays of Morris Rossabi, reflects the diverse interests of a leading scholar of China and Inner Asia. It encompasses the eras from the thirteenth century to the present, territories stretching from China to Mongolia to Central Asia and to the Middle East, and religions from Islam to Nestorian Christianity to Judaism and Confucianism in East, Central, and West Asia. Rossabi first challenged the conventional wisdom concerning traditional Chinese foreign relations by showing the pragmatism of Chinese officials who were not bound by Confucian strictures and stereotypes about foreigners and were actually knowledgeable about neighboring regions. His studies of the territories surrounding China led to the discovery of a major omission in historical writing—the lack of a biography of Khubilai Khan, one of the most renowned rulers in Eurasian history. His biography of Khubilai resulted in further studies of the Mongolian legacy on global history and of the significant role of women in the Mongolian empire. His repeated travels in Mongolia, in turn, stimulated an interest in modern Mongolia, especially the turbulence following the turbulence after the collapse of socialism in 1990, a subject he writes about in this book. The need for greater public knowledge and awareness of China, Mongolia, Central Asia, the Silk Roads, and Islam in Asia prompted Rossabi to write general, occasionally pedagogical, articles about these topics for a wider audience.

China --- Mongolia --- Chine --- Mongolie --- History --- Foreign relations --- Histoire --- Relations extérieures --- S04/0400 --- S09/0402 --- S04/0660 --- S04/0670 --- S23/0525 --- S11/1221 --- S11/1220 --- S03/0450 --- China: History--General works: China --- China: Foreign relations and world politics--China and Central Asia --- China: History--Yuan: .... - 1368 --- China: History--Ming: 1368 - 1644 --- Mongolia and the Mongols (including Tannu Tuva, Buriats)--Mongolian history: since 1368 --- China: Social sciences--Jews --- China: Social sciences--Mohammedans (if treated as a special ethnic group) --- China: Geography, description and travel--Silk route --- Relations extérieures --- Yuan Dynasty (China) --- 1260 - 1368 --- China. --- Mongolia. --- BNMAU --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Mongol Ard Uls --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Mongol Ard Ulsyn --- Bügd Nayramdah Mongol Ard Uls --- Gaimōko --- Meng-ku --- Meng-ku jen min kung ho kuo --- Menggu --- Menggu ren min gong he guo --- MNR --- Mōko Jinmin Kyōwakoku --- Mongġol --- Mongġol Ulus --- Mongol Népköztársaság --- Mongol Uls --- Mongolei --- Mongolian People's Republic --- Mongolian Republic --- Mongoliet --- Mongolii͡ --- Mongolische Volksrepublik --- Mongolʹskai͡a narodnai͡a respublika --- Mongoru --- Mongoru Jimmin Kyōwakoku --- Mongoru Jinmin Kyōwakoku --- Outer Mongolia --- République populaire de Mongolie --- Wai Meng-ku --- 1949 --- -BNKhAU --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Dundad Ard Uls --- Bu̇gu̇de Nayiramdaqu Dumdadu Arad Ulus --- Bu̇gu̇de Nayiramdaxu Dundadu Arad Ulus --- Catay --- Cathay --- Central Government of the People's Republic of China --- Central People's Government of Communist China --- Chinese National Government --- Chinese People's Republic --- Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku --- Chung-hua chung yang jen min kung ho kuo --- Chung-hua jen min kung ho kuo --- Chung-hua min kuo --- Chung-kuo --- Chung-kuo kuo min cheng fu --- Chung yang jen min cheng fu --- Cina --- Činská lidová republika --- Dumdad Uls --- Dumdadu Ulus --- Erets Sin --- Jhonggu --- Jumhūriyat al-Ṣīn al-Shaʻbīyah --- Khi͡atad --- Kínai Népköztársaság --- Kin --- Kitad --- Kita --- Kitaĭskai͡a Narodnai͡a Respublika --- Kitajska --- KNR --- Kytaĭsʹka Narodna Respublika --- National Government --- P.R.C. --- P.R. China --- People's Republic of China --- PR China --- PRC --- Republic --- Republic of China --- República Popular China --- Republik Rakjat Tiongkok --- République Populaire de Chine --- RRC --- RRT --- Sāthāranarat Prachāchon Čhīn --- VR China --- VRChina --- Zhong guo --- Zhong hua ren min gong he guo --- Zhongguo --- Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo --- Zhonghuaminguo --- History.