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Winner of the 2014 Anna Julia Cooper-CLR James Book Award presented by the National Council of Black StudiesWinner of the 2014 PEN Oakland-Josephine Miles Award for Excellence in LiteratureIn We Will Shoot Back: Armed Resistance in the Mississippi Freedom Movement, Akinyele Omowale Umoja argues that armed resistance was critical to the Southern freedom struggle and the dismantling of segregation and Black disenfranchisement. Intimidation and fear were central to the system of oppression in most of the Deep South. To overcome the system of segregation, Black people had to overcome fear to present a significant challenge to White domination. As the civil rights movement developed, armed self-defense and resistance became a significant means by which the descendants of enslaved Africans overturned fear and intimidation and developed different political and social relationships between Black and White Mississippians.This riveting historical narrative reconstructs the armed resistance of Black activists, their challenge of racist terrorism, and their fight for human rights.

Civil rights movements --- Civil rights workers --- African Americans --- Self-defense --- Hand-to-hand fighting --- Martial arts --- Afro-Americans --- Black Americans --- Colored people (United States) --- Negroes --- Africans --- Ethnology --- Blacks --- Civil rights activists --- Race relations reformers --- Social reformers --- History --- Suffrage --- Civil rights --- Political aspects --- Mississippi Freedom Project. --- Mississippi Freedom Summer Project --- Freedom Summer Project (Mississippi) --- Mississippi Summer Project --- Freedom Vote Project --- Council of Federated Organizations (U.S.) --- Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party --- Mississippi --- State of Mississippi --- Missisipi --- Місісіпі --- Misisipi --- Штат Місісіпі --- Shtat Misisipi --- Мисисипи --- Щат Мисисипи --- Mísísípii Hahoodzo --- Mississippi osariik --- Μισισιπι --- Πολιτεία του Μισισίπι --- Politeia tou Misisipi --- Estado de Misisipi --- Misisipio --- État du Mississippi --- Mississippy --- 미시시피 주 --- Misisipʻi-ju --- 미시시피 --- Mikikipi --- מיסיסיפי --- מדינת מיסיסיפי --- Medinat Misisipi --- US-MS --- MS (State : Mississippi) --- MI (State : Mississippi) --- Miss. --- Race relations --- Black people --- Black Freedom Struggle. --- Black history. --- Civil rights movement. --- Ku Klux Klan Mississippi Freedom Struggle. --- SNCC. --- armed resistance. --- armed self-defense. --- freedom struggle. --- nonviolence. --- political activism. --- segregation.