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The global body market : altruism's limits
Author:
ISBN: 1107357586 1107236169 110734171X 1107349044 1139175912 1107347963 1107345464 1299403395 1107344212 9781107345461 9781139175913 9781107341715 9781107024687 1107024684 9781107478367 1107478367 Year: 2013 Publisher: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press,

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Abstract

Black and gray markets for body parts are illegal, but also pioneering and inventive. Although this type of criminal activity requires dexterity and innovation, these markets thrive and flourish, sometimes in view of law. On the other hand, altruistic procurement is mired by low participation, which encourages black market transactions. Thousands of patients die each year waiting for an organ or bone marrow donation through the altruistic procurement system, so some turn to the dark side. This book offers a frank discussion of altruism in the global body market. It exposes how researchers exploit their patients' ignorance to harvest tissue samples, blood, and other biologics without consent, chronicles exploitation in the name of altruism, including the non-consensual use of children in dangerous clinical trials, and analyzes social and legal commitments to the value of altruism - offering an important critique of the vulnerability of altruism to corruption, coercion, pressure, and other negative externalities.


Book
The global organ shortage : economic causes, human consequences, policy responses
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 0804784094 0804784647 9780804784641 9780804784092 Year: 2013 Publisher: Stanford, Calif. : Stanford Economics and Finance,

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Although organ transplants provide the best, and often the only, effective therapy for many otherwise fatal conditions, the great benefits of transplantation go largely unrealized because of failures in the organ acquisition process. In the United States, for instance, more than 10,000 people die every year either awaiting transplantation, or as a result of deteriorating health exacerbated by the shortage of organs. Issues pertaining to organ donation and transplantation represent, perhaps, the most complex and morally controversial medical dilemmas aside from abortion and euthana

Keywords

Donation of organs, tissues, etc. -- Economic aspects. --- Donation of organs, tissues, etc. -- Government policy. --- Procurement of organs, tissues, etc. -- Economic aspects. --- Procurement of organs, tissues, etc. -- Government policy. --- Procurement of organs, tissues, etc --- Donation of organs, tissues, etc --- Persons --- Surgical Procedures, Operative --- Public Policy --- Specimen Handling --- Health Services --- Laboratory Techniques and Procedures --- Social Control Policies --- Named Groups --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Health Care Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Health Care --- Diagnosis --- Social Control, Formal --- Policy --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Social Sciences --- Sociology --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Health Policy --- Tissue and Organ Harvesting --- Tissue Donors --- Tissue and Organ Procurement --- Surgery & Anesthesiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Transplantation of Organs & Tissues --- Government policy --- Economic aspects --- Procurement of organs, tissues, etc. --- Donation of organs, tissues, etc. --- Government policy. --- Economic aspects. --- Anatomical gifts --- Organ donation --- Organs (Anatomy) --- Tissue donation --- Tissues --- Organ procurement (Surgery) --- Tissue procurement (Surgery) --- Donation --- Tissue banks --- Transplantation of organs, tissues, etc. --- economics --- supply & distribution --- E-books --- Organ Harvesting --- Organ Retrieval --- Tissue Harvesting --- Organ Harvestings --- Organ Retrievals --- Retrieval, Organ --- Retrievals, Organ --- Organ Preservation --- Semen Preservation --- Tissue Preservation --- National Health Policy --- Health Policies --- Health Policies, National --- Health Policy, National --- National Health Policies --- Policies, Health --- Policies, National Health --- Policy, Health --- Policy, National Health --- Policy Making --- Donor Cards --- Organ Donation --- Required Organ Donation Request --- Required Request --- Tissue Donation --- Organ Procurement --- Organ Procurement Systems --- Tissue Procurement --- Card, Donor --- Cards, Donor --- Donor Card --- Organ Donations --- Organ Procurement System --- Organ Procurements --- Required Requests --- Tissue Donations --- Tissue Procurements --- Healthcare Policy --- Healthcare Policies --- Policy, Healthcare --- Health Care Policies --- Care Policies, Health --- Health Care Policy --- Policies, Health Care --- Policies, Healthcare --- Policy, Health Care --- Organ Shortage --- Tissue Shortage --- Shortage, Tissue --- Tissue Shortages


Book
Human fetal tissue transplantation
Authors: ---
ISBN: 1447141709 1447141717 129933623X Year: 2013 Publisher: New York : Springer,

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Abstract

Over the past decade there have been major advances in the field of regenerative medicine with the promise to bring to reality, cures for debilitating diseases such as diabetes, heart failure, and Parkinson’s disease. Cellular products from a variety of sources are being evaluated for their ability to replace damaged tissue. Fetal tissues consist of stem cells and progenitor cells which have undergone initial commitment with varying states of differentiation. Stem cells from fetal tissues may also have a greater proliferative potential than their adult counterparts. In addition, fetal derived stem and progenitor cells are immunologically naive and some sources of fetal cells, eg cord blood, have been shown to be capable of crossing greater HLA mismatching resulting in less rejection and decreased immune mediated toxicities. Given the increasing focus on HES and advances in our basic knowledge of regenerative medicine it is an appropriate time to review the biology and use of fetal tissues. Human Fetal Tissue Transplantation is a timely publication that provides details of many aspects of the potential use of fetal tissues for therapeutic applications. As many tissues are wasted on a daily basis it appropriate to raise discussion on how to maximize access to discard tissue and at the same time engage in discussion of the ethics associated with fetal tissue procurement and clinical use.


Book
Exchanging human bodily material : rethinking bodies and markets
Author:
ISBN: 9400752636 9401785104 9400752644 1283946440 Year: 2013 Publisher: Dordrecht : Springer,

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Abstract

This book addresses the debate usually tagged as being about ’markets in human body parts’ which is antagonistically divided into pro-market and anti-market positions. The author provides a set of propositions about how to approach this and shows a way out of the concrete impasse of it. Assumptions about markets and bodies that characterize this debate are analyzed and described while the author argues that these assumptions are in fact constitutive for exchanges of human bodily material – but in unacknowledged ways. It is concluded that what we need is a different analytical approach to better understand the mechanisms at play when organizations exchange organs, tissues and cells for use in transplantation and fertility medicine. Assumptions about markets and bodies that characterize this debate are analyzed and described while the author argues that these assumptions are in fact constitutive for exchanges of human bodily material – but in unacknowledged ways. It is concluded that what we need is a different analytical approach to better understand the mechanisms at play when organizations exchange organs, tissues and cells for use in transplantation and fertility medicine.

Keywords

Medical ethics. --- Procurement of organs, tissues, etc. -- Economic aspects. --- Procurement of organs, tissues, etc. -- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Sale of organs, tissues, etc --- Medical ethics --- Health Facilities --- Commerce --- Transplantation --- Social Sciences --- Dehumanization --- Morals --- Health Services --- Health Care Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Surgical Procedures, Operative --- Social Behavior --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture --- Psychology, Social --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Health Care --- Behavior --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Organ Transplantation --- Economics --- Biological Specimen Banks --- Ethics --- Commodification --- Tissue and Organ Procurement --- Surgery & Anesthesiology --- Public Health --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Transplantation of Organs & Tissues --- Medical Economics --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Sale of organs, tissues, etc. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Biomedical ethics --- Clinical ethics --- Ethics, Medical --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Medicine --- Organs (Anatomy) --- Selling of organs, tissues, etc. --- Tissues --- Sale of --- Ethics. --- Health economics. --- Medical economics. --- Economics. --- Health Economics. --- Theory of Medicine/Bioethics. --- Bioethics --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Philosophy --- Values --- Economics, Medical --- Health --- Health economics --- Hygiene --- Economic aspects

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