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The Anglo-Saxon period was crucial in the development of England's character: its language, and much of its landscape and culture, were forged in the period between the fifth and the eleventh centuries. Historians and archaeologists have long been fascinated by its regional variations, by the way in which different parts of the country displayed marked differences in social structures, settlement patterns, and field systems. In this controversial and wide-ranging study, the author argues that such differences were largely a consequence of environmental factors: of the influence of climate, soils and hydrology, and of the patterns of contact and communication engendered by natural topography. He also suggests that such environmental influences have been neglected over recent decades by generations of scholars who are embedded in an urban culture and largely divorced from the natural world; and that an appreciation of the fundamental role of physical geography in shaping human affairs can throw much new light on a number of important debates about early medieval society. The book will be essential reading for all those interested in the character of the Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian settlements, in early medieval social and territorial organization, and in the origins of the England's medieval landscapes. Tom Williamson is Professor of Landscape History, University of East Anglia; he has written widely on landscape archaeology, agricultural history, and the history of landscape design.

Great Britain --- Grande-Bretagne --- History --- Historical geography. --- Histoire --- Géographie historique --- HISTORY / Medieval. --- Anglo-Saxon Period. --- Anglo-Saxon period. --- Early Medieval Society. --- Early medieval England. --- England. --- Field Systems. --- Geographical Features. --- Landscape. --- Natural Environment. --- Physical Geography. --- Regional Variations. --- Settlement Patterns. --- Social Structures. --- environment. --- field systems. --- geographical features. --- historical analysis. --- landscape. --- physical geography. --- settlement patterns. --- social structures.

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It is widely known that such Western institutions as the museum, the university, and the penitentiary shaped Japan's emergence as a modern nation-state. Less commonly recognized is the role played by the distinctly hybrid institution-at once museum, laboratory, and prison-of the zoological garden. In this eye-opening study of Japan's first modern zoo, Tokyo's Ueno Imperial Zoological Gardens, opened in 1882, Ian Jared Miller offers a refreshingly unconventional narrative of Japan's rapid modernization and changing relationship with the natural world. As the first zoological garden in the world not built under the sway of a Western imperial regime, the Ueno Zoo served not only as a staple attraction in the nation's capital-an institutional marker of national accomplishment-but also as a site for the propagation of a new "natural" order that was scientifically verifiable and evolutionarily foreordained. As the Japanese empire grew, Ueno became one of the primary sites of imperialist spectacle, a microcosm of the empire that could be traveled in the course of a single day. The meaning of the zoo would change over the course of Imperial Japan's unraveling and subsequent Allied occupation. Today it remains one of Japan's most frequently visited places. But instead of empire in its classic political sense, it now bespeaks the ambivalent dominion of the human species over the natural environment, harkening back to its imperial roots even as it asks us to question our exploitation of the planet's resources.

Nature and civilization --- Philosophy of nature --- Zoos --- Civilization and nature --- Civilization --- Nature --- Nature, Philosophy of --- Natural theology --- Gardens, Zoological --- Zoological gardens --- Zoological parks --- Parks --- History. --- Social aspects --- Philosophy --- Ueno Dōbutsuen (Tokyo, Japan) --- Tokyo (Japan). --- Tōkyō-to Onshi Ueno Dōbutsuen (Tokyo, Japan) --- Onshi Ueno Dōbutsuen (Tokyo, Japan) --- Ueno Zoo (Tokyo, Japan) --- Ueno Zoological Gardens (Tokyo, Japan) --- Ueno Dobutsuen (Tokyo, Japan) -- History.. --- Zoos -- Social aspects -- Japan -- History.. --- Philosophy of nature -- Japan -- History.. --- Nature and civilization -- Japan -- History. --- books about the environment. --- books for history lovers. --- books for reluctant readers. --- east asian history. --- easy to read. --- engaging. --- gifts for friends. --- global history. --- historical novels. --- history and politics. --- humans and natural environment. --- imperial zoological gardens. --- japanese culture. --- japanese empire. --- japanese history. --- japanese politics. --- japanese zoos. --- japans emergence into the world. --- leisure reads. --- modernization of japan. --- natural environment. --- rapid modernization. --- shaping japan. --- vacation books. --- zoology.