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The objectives of the conference are to develop greater understanding of physics research and its applications to promote new industries; to innovate knowledge about recent breakthroughs in physics, both the fundamental and technological aspects; to implement of international cooperation in new trends in physics research and to improve the performance of the physics research facilities in Egypt. This proceedings highlights the latest results in the fields of astrophysics, atomic, molecular, condensed matter, lasers, nuclear and particle physics. The peer refereed papers collected in this volum
Physics --- ATOMS --- CONDENSED MATTER --- MOLECULES --- LASERS --- LASER PULSES, ULTRASHORT --- NUCLEAR PHYSICS --- PHYSICS --- RESEARCH --- Research
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Femtosecond optics involves the study of ultra-short pulses of light. Understanding the behaviour of these light pulses makes it possible to develop ultra-fast lasers with a wide range of applications in such areas as medical imaging, chemical analysis and micro-machining. Written by two leading experts in the field, this book reviews the theory of the interaction of femtosecond light pulses with matter, femtosecond lasers and laser systems, and the principles of femtosecond coherent spectroscopy of impurity amorphous media. reviews the theory of the interaction of femtosecond
Femtosecond lasers. --- Laser pulses, Ultrashort. --- Quantum optics. --- Solitons. --- Femtosecond lasers --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Applied Physics --- Lasers. --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators --- Lasers
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The book is devoted to the theory describing the interaction of ultra-short electromagnetic pulses (USP) with matter, including both classical and quantum cases. This theme is a hot topic in modern physics because of the great achievements in generating USP. Special attention is given to the peculiarities of UPS-matter interaction. One of the important items of this book is the derivation and applications of a new formula which describes the total photo-process probability under the action of USP in the framework of perturbation theory. Strong field-matter interaction is also considered with the use of the Bloch formalism in a two-level approximation for UPS with variable characteristics. .
Electromagnetic interactions. --- Laser pulses, Ultrashort. --- Electromagnetic interactions --- Laser pulses, Ultrashort --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Atomic Physics --- Laser pulses, Picosecond --- Light pulses, Picosecond --- Light pulses, Ultrashort --- Picosecond laser pulses --- Picosecond light pulses --- Ultrashort laser pulses --- Ultrashort light pulses --- Interactions, Electromagnetic --- Physics. --- Optics. --- Electrodynamics. --- Atoms. --- Matter. --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Atoms and Molecules in Strong Fields, Laser Matter Interaction. --- Laser Technology, Photonics. --- Optics and Electrodynamics. --- Nuclear reactions --- Laser beams --- Pulse techniques (Electronics) --- Picosecond pulses --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- Classical Electrodynamics. --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Matter --- Stereochemistry --- Dynamics --- Light --- New optics --- Optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Constitution
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The field of ultrafast nonlinear optics is broad and multidisciplinary, and encompasses areas concerned with both the generation and measurement of ultrashort pulses of light, as well as those concerned with the applications of such pulses. Ultrashort pulses are extreme events – both in terms of their durations, and also the high peak powers which their short durations can facilitate. These extreme properties make them powerful experiment tools. On one hand, their ultrashort durations facilitate the probing and manipulation of matter on incredibly short timescales. On the other, their ultrashort durations can facilitate high peak powers which can drive highly nonlinear light-matter interaction processes. Ultrafast Nonlinear Optics covers a complete range of topics, both applied and fundamental in nature, within the area of ultrafast nonlinear optics. Chapters 1 to 4 are concerned with the generation and measurement of ultrashort pulses. Chapters 5 to 7 are concerned with fundamental applications of ultrashort pulses in metrology and quantum control. Chapters 8 and 9 are concerned with ultrafast nonlinear optics in optical fibres. Chapters 10 to 13 are concerned with the applications of ultrashort pulses in areas such as particle acceleration, microscopy, and micromachining. The chapters are aimed at graduate-student level and are intended to provide the student with an accessible, self-contained and comprehensive gateway into each subject.
Laser pulses, Ultrashort. --- Nonlinear optical spectroscopy. --- Nonlinear optics. --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Light & Optics --- Applied Physics --- Nonlinear optics --- Picosecond pulses --- Physics. --- Optical materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Optics --- Materials --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Electronic materials --- New optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Optical parametric oscillators
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Extensions to the No-Core Shell Model presents three extensions to the No-Core Shell Model (NCSM) that allow for calculations of heavier nuclei, specifically for the p-shell nuclei. The Importance-Truncated NCSM (IT-NCSM) formulated on arguments of multi-configurational perturbation theory selects a small set of basis states from the initially large basis space in which the Hamiltonian is diagonalized. Previous IT-NCSM calculations have proven reliable, however, there has been no thorough investigation of the inherent error in the truncated IT-NCSM calculations. This thesis provides a detailed study of IT-NCSM calculations and compares them to full NCSM calculations to judge the accuracy of IT-NCSM in heavier nuclei. When IT-NCSM calculations are performed, one often needs to extrapolate the ground-state energy from the finite basis (or model) spaces to the full NCSM model space. In this thesis a careful investigation of the extrapolation procedures was performed. On a related note, extrapolations in the NCSM are commonplace, but up to recently did not have the ultraviolet (UV) or infrared (IR) physics under control. This work additionally presents a method that maps the NCSM parameters into an effective-field theory inspired framework, in which the UV and IR physics are treated appropriately. The NCSM is well-suited to describe bound-state properties of nuclei, but is not well-adapted to describe loosely bound systems, such as the exotic nuclei near the neutron drip line. With the inclusion of the Resonating Group Method (RGM), the NCSM / RGM can provide a first-principles description of exotic nuclei and the first extension of the NCSM.
Laser pulses, Ultrashort. --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Nuclear Physics --- Atomic Physics --- Nuclear shell theory. --- Nuclear models. --- Models, Nuclear --- Nuclear shell models --- Nuclear shell structure --- Shell models (Nuclear physics) --- Physics. --- Quantum field theory. --- String theory. --- Nuclear physics. --- Heavy ions. --- Hadrons. --- Elementary particles (Physics). --- Elementary Particles, Quantum Field Theory. --- Nuclear Physics, Heavy Ions, Hadrons. --- Quantum Field Theories, String Theory. --- Nuclear physics --- Nuclear models --- Quantum theory. --- Atomic nuclei --- Atoms, Nuclei of --- Nucleus of the atom --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Models, String --- String theory --- Nuclear reactions --- Ions --- Relativistic quantum field theory --- Field theory (Physics) --- Quantum theory --- Relativity (Physics) --- Elementary particles (Physics) --- High energy physics --- Nuclear particles --- Nucleons
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Attophysics is an emerging field in physics devoted to the study and characterization of matter dynamics in the sub-femtosecond time scale. This book gives coverage of a broad set of selected topics in this field, exciting by their novelty and their potential impact. The book is written review-like. It also includes fundamental chapters as introduction to the field for non-specialist physicists. The book is structured in four sections: basics, attosecond pulse technology, applications to measurements and control of physical processes and future perspectives. It is a valuable reference tool for researchers in the field as well as a concise introduction to non-specialist readers.
Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Electricity & Magnetism --- Light & Optics --- Physics. --- Physical chemistry. --- Optics. --- Electrodynamics. --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Optical materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Materials science. --- Optics and Electrodynamics. --- Laser Technology, Photonics. --- Characterization and Evaluation of Materials. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Signal, Image and Speech Processing. --- Laser pulses, Ultrashort. --- Lasers in physics. --- Picosecond pulses. --- Picosecond phenomena --- Pulses, Picosecond --- Ultrafast phenomena --- Laser pulses, Ultrashort --- Laser pulses, Picosecond --- Light pulses, Picosecond --- Light pulses, Ultrashort --- Picosecond laser pulses --- Picosecond light pulses --- Ultrashort laser pulses --- Ultrashort light pulses --- Laser beams --- Pulse techniques (Electronics) --- Picosecond pulses --- Surfaces (Physics). --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Classical Electrodynamics. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- Optics --- Materials --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Surface chemistry --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Signal processing. --- Image processing. --- Speech processing systems. --- Computational linguistics --- Electronic systems --- Information theory --- Modulation theory --- Oral communication --- Speech --- Telecommunication --- Singing voice synthesizers --- Pictorial data processing --- Picture processing --- Processing, Image --- Imaging systems --- Optical data processing --- Processing, Signal --- Information measurement --- Signal theory (Telecommunication) --- Electronic materials --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Chemistry --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- New optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators --- Light --- Dynamics
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The PUILS series delivers up-to-date reviews of progress in Ultrafast Intense Laser Science, a newly emerging interdisciplinary research field spanning atomic and molecular physics, molecular science, and optical science, which has been stimulated by the recent developments in ultrafast laser technologies. Each volume compiles peer-reviewed articles authored by researchers at the forefront of each their own subfields of UILS. Every chapter opens with an overview of the topics to be discussed, so that researchers unfamiliar to the subfield, as well as graduate students, can grasp the importance and attractions of the research topic at hand; these are followed by reports of cutting-edge discoveries. This ninth volume covers a broad range of topics from this interdisciplinary research field, focusing on ultrafast molecular responses to an intense laser field, advanced techniques for attosecond pulse generation, atomic and molecular responses to attosecond pulses, photoelectron spectroscopy of atoms and molecules interacting with intense light fields, and attosecond pulse interaction with solid materials.
Femtosecond lasers. --- Laser pulses, Ultrashort. --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Applied Physics --- Laser pulses, Picosecond --- Light pulses, Picosecond --- Light pulses, Ultrashort --- Picosecond laser pulses --- Picosecond light pulses --- Ultrashort laser pulses --- Ultrashort light pulses --- Physics. --- Physical chemistry. --- Optics. --- Electrodynamics. --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Laser Technology, Photonics. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Optics and Electrodynamics. --- Applied and Technical Physics. --- Laser beams --- Pulse techniques (Electronics) --- Picosecond pulses --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- Classical Electrodynamics. --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Physics --- Light --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Chemistry --- New optics --- Optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators
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Glasses containing metallic nanoparticles exhibit very promising linear and nonlinear optical properties, mainly due to the surface plasmon resonances (SPRs) of the nanoparticles. The spectral position in the visible and near-infrared range and polarization dependence of the SPR are characteristically determined by the nanoparticles’ shapes. The focus of Ultra-Short Pulsed Laser Engineered Metal-Glass Nanocomposites is the interaction of intense ultra-short laser pulses with glass containing silver nanoparticles embedded in soda-lime glass, and nanostructural modifications in metal-glass nanocomposites induced by such laser pulses. In order to provide a comprehensive physical picture of the processes leading to laser-induced persistent shape transformation of the nanoparticles, series of experimental results investigating the dependences of laser assisted shape modifications of nanoparticles with laser pulse intensity, excitation wavelength, temperature are considered. In addition, the resulting local optical dichroism allows producing very flexibly polarizing optical (sub-) microstructures with well-specified optical properties. The achieved considerable progress towards technological application of this technique, in particular also for long-term optical data storage, is also discussed.
Physics --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Light & Optics --- Applied Physics --- Nanocomposites (Materials) --- Laser pulses, Ultrashort. --- Laser pulses, Picosecond --- Light pulses, Picosecond --- Light pulses, Ultrashort --- Picosecond laser pulses --- Picosecond light pulses --- Ultrashort laser pulses --- Ultrashort light pulses --- Nanocomposite materials --- Nanostructured composite materials --- Nanostructured composites --- Physics. --- Nanoscale science. --- Nanoscience. --- Nanostructures. --- Optical materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Nanotechnology. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Nanoscale Science and Technology. --- Laser beams --- Pulse techniques (Electronics) --- Picosecond pulses --- Composite materials --- Nanostructured materials --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Optics --- Materials --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Nanoscience --- Nano science --- Nanoscale science --- Nanosciences --- Science --- Electronic materials --- New optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators
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