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2013 (2)

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Book
Valuing Global Public Goods : A European Delphi Stated Preference Survey of Population Willingness to Pay for Amazon Rainforest Preservation
Authors: ---
Year: 2013 Publisher: Washington, D.C., The World Bank,

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Abstract

The Amazon Rainforest is a global public good. As such, and given that 15 percent of the original Amazon forest area has already been lost, households worldwide might be willing to pay to reduce or avoid additional losses. A full elicitation of global preferences for valuing preservation of the current forest, using stated-preference population surveys, would be costly and time consuming. Alternatively, this paper uses a Delphi stated-preference technique in which 48 European environmental valuation experts were asked to provide "best guesses" on the possible outcomes of population surveys in their own countries and Europe as a whole. The expert judgments indicate willingness to pay in Europe for preserving the current Amazon Rainforest of about 28 euros per household per year on average; a slightly lower value is inferred for a plan that allows a 10 percent future reduction from the current rainforest area. The income elasticity of experts' stated willingness to pay with respect to per-capita income in their own countries is in the range 0.5-0.8. These findings indicate that Delphi studies might be used more widely as a tool for global benefit transfer.


Book
Contingent valuation of Yangtze finless porpoises in Poyang Lake, China
Author:
ISBN: 940072764X 9400795718 9786613946126 9400727658 1283633671 Year: 2013 Publisher: Dordrecht ; New York : Springer,

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Yangtze Finless Porpoises (YFPs), the only fresh-water adapted porpoises in the world, are endemic to the Yangtze River system, including Poyang Lake. Their population is rapidly decreasing, under threats from illegal fishing and overfishing, dredging, intensive shipping traffic and pollution from agriculture and industry. Since 1996, they have been classified as endangered on the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Now a new threat looms, in the form of a Poyang Lake hydroelectricity project being planned by the government of Jiangxi Province. This will cut off their migration route and fragment their habitat. Today, it is more urgent than ever to take measures of protection for YFPs. One possibility for protecting YFPs is a nature reserve located in Poyang Lake. An economic analysis has been conducted to determine whether a nature reserve is worthwhile. Using the contingent valuation approach, the study aims to estimate the benefits of the porpoises by asking individuals’ willingness to pay for the porpoise conservation project. The valuation workshop method, a group-based approach which can inform and motivate respondents so that they thoroughly consider the questions, was chosen to help respondents construct their preference. Valuation workshops were successfully organized and data and information were collected. This book presents the findings of the study, and offers analysis of both its methodological and policy-related implications. On the methodology side, it assesses and validates the valuation workshop approach; appraises the effect of distance on willingness to pay and the influence of the respondents’ ability to pay. From a policy perspective, the book examines the attitudes and preference of respondents on trade-offs between economic growth and ecological use. This is the only available study offering economic perspective on Yangtze finless porpoises and the environmentally sensitive Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake as well as the last basin of clean water in China.

Keywords

Economic growth. --- Economic valuation. --- Economics. --- Finless porpoise --- Environmental economics --- Contingent valuation --- Natural areas --- Freshwater biodiversity conservation --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Zoology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Environmental Sciences --- Vertebrates --- Economic aspects --- Conservation --- Poyang Lake (China) --- Environmental conditions. --- Conservation of freshwater biodiversity --- Freshwater biodiversity --- Freshwater biological diversity conservation --- Area preserves, Natural --- Conservation land --- Conservation lands --- Land, Conservation --- Landmarks, Natural --- Lands, Conservation --- Natural area preserves --- Natural history reservations --- Natural landmarks --- Nature conservation areas --- Nature conservation lands --- Nature preserves --- Nature reserves --- Preserves, Natural area --- Preserves, Nature --- Protected natural areas --- Protected natural regions --- Protected natural sites --- Reservations, Natural history --- Reserves, Nature --- Economics --- Environmental quality --- Black finless porpoise --- Neomeris phocaenoides --- Neophocaena asiaeorientalis --- Neophocaena phocaenoides --- Neophocaena sunameri --- Environmental aspects --- Po-yang Ho (China) --- Poyang Hu (China) --- Environment. --- Business. --- Management science. --- Science. --- Statistics. --- Emigration and immigration. --- Psychology. --- Environment, general. --- Business and Management, general. --- Migration. --- Science, general. --- Psychology, general. --- Statistics, general. --- Aquatic biodiversity conservation --- Natural resources conservation areas --- Protected areas --- National parks and reserves --- Nature conservation --- World Heritage areas --- Valuation --- Neophocaena --- Environmental sciences. --- Philosophy (General). --- Science, Humanities and Social Sciences, multidisciplinary. --- Statistical analysis --- Statistical data --- Statistical methods --- Statistical science --- Mathematics --- Econometrics --- Trade --- Management --- Commerce --- Industrial management --- Environmental science --- Science --- Statistics . --- Behavioral sciences --- Mental philosophy --- Mind --- Science, Mental --- Human biology --- Philosophy --- Soul --- Mental health --- Immigration --- International migration --- Migration, International --- Population geography --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Colonization --- Quantitative business analysis --- Problem solving --- Operations research --- Statistical decision --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Ecology

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