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2013 (3)

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Book
Atlas of wood, bark and pith anatomy of Eastern Mediterranean trees and shrubs : with a special focus on Cyprus
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9783642372346 Year: 2013 Publisher: Berlin : Springer,

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Abstract

This atlas presents anatomical descriptions of the xylem, bark and pith of 264 species belonging to 69 families. It highlights the anatomical diversity of trees, shrubs, dwarf shrubs, woody lianas and several of the prominent perennial herbs from the Eastern Mediterranean region, with a focus on the island of Cyprus. The island's topography and biogeographic history combine to provide a wide range of habitats and diverse flora including widespread, endemic, and ornamental species. The monograph for each species includes a description of the anatomical structures of the stem and twig xylem and the twig's bark and pith, as well as color micrographs of double-stained sections of each of these plant parts. These entries are accompanied by a photograph and a brief description of the plant including stem wood density, height, habit, flower, leaf and fruit characteristics, and a map showing its geographic and altitudinal distribution in the region. Xylem descriptions follow the IAWA lists of microscopic features for hardwood and softwood identification. For bark and pith descriptions, a new coding system developed by the authors is applied. Lastly, the atlas offers a key for wood identification that was developed to differentiate between groups of species by using a small number of features that are unambiguous and clearly visible. The atlas will be a valuable guide for botanists, ecologists, foresters, archeologists, horticulturists and paleobotanists.

Keywords

Bark --- Bark. --- SCIENCE --- Wood --- Wood. --- Xylem --- Xylem. --- Life Sciences --- Evolution. --- Anatomy


Book
Cellular aspects of wood formation
Author:
ISBN: 3642446795 364236490X 3642364918 Year: 2013 Publisher: Berlin ; New York : Springer,

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Abstract

With today’s ever growing economic and ecological problems, wood as a raw material takes on increasing significance as the most important renewable source of energy and as industrial feedstock for numerous products. Its chemical and anatomical structure and the excellent properties that result allow wood to be processed into the most diverse products; from logs to furniture and veneers, and from wood chippings to wooden composites and paper. The aim of this book is to review advances in research on the cellular aspects of cambial growth and wood formation in trees over recent decades. The book is divided into two major parts. The first part covers the basic process of wood biosynthesis, focusing on five major steps that are involved in this process: cell division, cell expansion, secondary cell wall formation, programmed cell death and heartwood formation. The second part of the book deals with the regulation of wood formation by endogenous and exogenous factors.  On the endogenous level the emphasis is placed on two aspects: control of wood formation by phytohormones and by molecular mechanisms. Apart from endogenous factors, various exogenous effects (such as climate factors) are involved in wood formation. Due to modern microscopic as well as molecular techniques, the understanding of wood formation has progressed significantly over the last decade. Emphasizing the cellular aspects, this book first gives an overview of the basic process of wood formation, before it focuses on factors involved in the regulation of this process. .

Keywords

Trees -- Growth. --- Trees -- Molecular aspects. --- Wood. --- Wood --- Trees --- Plants --- Physicochemical Phenomena --- Construction Materials --- Biochemical Phenomena --- Chemical Phenomena --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Physiological Processes --- Xylem --- Physiological Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Manufactured Materials --- Plant Structures --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Eukaryota --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Anatomy --- Organisms --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Molecular Structure --- Physiology --- Growth and Development --- Botany --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Plant Anatomy --- Plant Geography --- Growth --- Molecular aspects --- Growth. --- Molecular aspects. --- Dendrology --- Life sciences. --- Cell biology. --- Trees. --- Forest products. --- Plant anatomy. --- Plant development. --- Life Sciences. --- Tree Biology. --- Cell Biology. --- Plant Anatomy/Development. --- Wood Science & Technology. --- Building materials --- Forest products --- Timber --- Nursery stock --- Woody plants --- Arboriculture --- Forests and forestry --- Forest ecology --- Growth (Plants) --- Cytology. --- Plant structure --- Structural botany --- Vegetable anatomy --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Structure --- Forest production --- Botany, Economic --- Commercial products --- Raw materials --- Development of plants --- Plant development --- Developmental biology --- Ontogeny


Book
Atlas of wood, bark and pith anatomy of eastern Mediterranean trees and shrubs : with a special focus on Cyprus
Authors: ---
ISBN: 3642372341 364237235X Year: 2013 Publisher: New York : Springer,

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Abstract

This atlas presents anatomical descriptions of the xylem, bark and pith of 264 species belonging to 69 families. It highlights the anatomical diversity of trees, shrubs, dwarf shrubs, woody lianas and several of the prominent perennial herbs from the Eastern Mediterranean region, with a focus on the island of Cyprus. The island’s topography and biogeographic history combine to provide a wide range of habitats and diverse flora including widespread, endemic, and ornamental species. The monograph for each species includes a description of the anatomical structures of the stem and twig xylem and the twig’s bark and pith, as well as color micrographs of double-stained sections of each of these plant parts.  These entries are accompanied by a photograph and a brief description of the plant including stem wood density, height, habit, flower, leaf and fruit characteristics, and a map showing its geographic and altitudinal distribution in the region. Xylem descriptions follow the IAWA lists of microscopic features for hardwood and softwood identification. For bark and pith descriptions, a new coding system developed by the authors is applied. Lastly, the atlas offers a key for wood identification that was developed to differentiate between groups of species by using a small number of features that are unambiguous and clearly visible. The atlas will be a valuable guide for botanists, ecologists, foresters, archeologists, horticulturists and paleobotanists.

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