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The profound changes that took place between 800 and 1100 in the transition from Carolingian to post-Carolingian Europe have long been the subject of vigorous historical controversy. Looking beyond the notion of a 'Feudal Revolution', this book reveals that a radical shift in the patterns of social organisation did occur in this period, but as a continuation of processes unleashed by Carolingian reform, rather than Carolingian political failure. Focusing on the Frankish lands between the rivers Marne and Moselle, Charles West explores the full range of available evidence, including letters, chronicles, estate documents, archaeological excavations and liturgical treatises, to track documentary and social change. He shows how Carolingian reforms worked to formalise interaction across the entire social spectrum, and that the new political and social formations apparent from the later eleventh century should be seen as long-term consequence of this process.

Social change --- Political culture --- Feudalism --- Carolingians --- Changement social --- Culture politique --- Féodalité --- Carolingiens --- History --- Histoire --- Marne River Valley (France) --- Moselle River Valley --- Europe --- Marne-la-Vallée (France) --- Moselle, Vallée de la --- Social conditions --- Social conditions. --- Conditions sociales --- Conditions économiques --- Politics and government --- Marne, Vallée de la (France) --- Moselle, Vallée de la (France) --- Politique et gouvernement --- History. --- Politics and government. --- History of France --- anno 800-1199 --- Féodalité --- Marne-la-Vallée (France) --- Moselle, Vallée de la --- Conditions économiques --- Change, Social --- Cultural change --- Cultural transformation --- Societal change --- Socio-cultural change --- Social history --- Social evolution --- Culture --- Political science --- Feudal tenure --- Civilization, Medieval --- Land tenure --- Land use --- Land use, Rural --- Chivalry --- Estates (Social orders) --- Moselle Valley --- Marne Valley (France) --- Carlovingians --- Carolinians --- Administration --- Arts and Humanities --- Social change - Europe - History - To 1500 --- Political culture - Europe - History - To 1500 --- Feudalism - Europe - History - To 1500 --- Carolingians - France - Marne River Valley - History --- Carolingians - Moselle River Valley - History --- Marne River Valley (France) - Politics and government --- Moselle River Valley - Politics and government --- Marne River Valley (France) - Social conditions --- Moselle River Valley - Social conditions --- Europe - History - 476-1492

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I. A. Richards is an influential figure in literary criticism but has rarely been thought of as someone who laid the foundations for cognitive stylistics. This book proposes that Richards was a "protocognitivist". West argues that Richards anticipated many of the discipline's core aims, methods and assumptions. The book argues that the roots of cognitive psychology lie in early 20th-century psychology, when there was a focus on cognitive processes such as memory and learning, attention, categorisation, perception and consciousness. It was this cognitive psychology that Richards drew upon to build a theory of literature and interpretation - which in itself prefigured cognitive stylistics. West also suggests that Richards is one of the more influential British intellectuals of the 20th century, and that his work is still relevant today. West argues that cognitive stylistics is not, as Peter Stockwell has written, a "new science of literature and reading", but rather a discipline with a history that it continues to deny itself. This book will appeal to researchers and advanced students in stylistics and literary studies.

Criticism --- History --- Richards, I. A.,

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Psychology --- Iconography --- book review --- portraits

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Sociology of education --- Teaching

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Linguistics