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A DNA barcode in its simplest definition is one or more short gene sequences taken from a standardized portion of the genome that is used to identify species through reference to DNA sequence libraries or databases. In DNA Barcodes: Methods and Protocols expert researchers in the field detail many of the methods which are now commonly used with DNA barcodes. These methods include the latest information on techniques for generating, applying, and analyzing DNA barcodes across the Tree of Life including animals, fungi, protists, algae, and plants. Written in the highly successful  Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, the chapters include the kind of detailed description and implementation advice that is crucial for getting optimal results in the laboratory.   Thorough and intuitive, DNA Barcodes: Methods and Protocols aids scientists in continuing to study methods from wet-lab protocols, statistical, and ecological analyses along with guides to future, large-scale collections campaigns.

DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic --- Data Mining --- Genetic markers. --- DNA data banks. --- Marqueurs génétiques --- Banques de données génétiques (Génétique légale) --- methods --- Genetic markers --- DNA data banks --- Information Storage and Retrieval --- Publication Formats --- Sequence Analysis, DNA --- Molecular Typing --- Investigative Techniques --- Medical Informatics Applications --- Information Science --- Sequence Analysis --- Genetic Techniques --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Publication Characteristics --- Medical Informatics --- Laboratory Manuals --- Methods --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Genetics --- Marqueurs génétiques --- Banques de données génétiques (Génétique légale) --- Methodological Studies --- Methodological Study --- Procedures --- Studies, Methodological --- Study, Methodological --- Method --- Procedure --- Text Mining --- Mining, Data --- Mining, Text --- DNA Barcode, Taxonomic --- Phylogenetic DNA Barcode --- Phylogenetic DNA Barcoding --- Taxonomic DNA Barcode --- Taxonomic DNA Barcodes --- Taxonomic DNA Barcoding --- Barcode, Phylogenetic DNA --- Barcode, Taxonomic DNA --- Barcodes, Phylogenetic DNA --- Barcodes, Taxonomic DNA --- Barcoding, Phylogenetic DNA --- Barcoding, Taxonomic DNA --- Barcodings, Phylogenetic DNA --- Barcodings, Taxonomic DNA --- DNA Barcode, Phylogenetic --- DNA Barcodes, Phylogenetic --- DNA Barcodes, Taxonomic --- DNA Barcoding, Phylogenetic --- DNA Barcodings, Phylogenetic --- DNA Barcodings, Taxonomic --- Phylogenetic DNA Barcodes --- Phylogenetic DNA Barcodings --- Taxonomic DNA Barcodings --- Computer Science, Medical --- Health Information Technology --- Informatics, Clinical --- Informatics, Medical --- Information Science, Medical --- Clinical Informatics --- Medical Computer Science --- Medical Information Science --- Health Information Technologies --- Information Technologies, Health --- Information Technology, Health --- Medical Computer Sciences --- Medical Information Sciences --- Science, Medical Computer --- Technologies, Health Information --- Technology, Health Information --- Genetic Technic --- Genetic Technics --- Genetic Technique --- Technic, Genetic --- Technics, Genetic --- Technique, Genetic --- Techniques, Genetic --- Analysis, Sequence --- Determination, Sequence --- Determinations, Sequence --- Sequence Determinations --- Sequence Determination --- Analyses, Sequence --- Sequence Analyses --- Information Sciences --- Science, Information --- Sciences, Information --- Application, Medical Informatics --- Applications, Medical Informatics --- Informatics Applications, Medical --- Informatics Application, Medical --- Medical Informatics Application --- Investigative Technics --- Investigative Technic --- Investigative Technique --- Technic, Investigative --- Technics, Investigative --- Technique, Investigative --- Techniques, Investigative --- Typing, Molecular --- Analysis, DNA Sequence --- DNA Sequence Determination --- DNA Sequence Determinations --- DNA Sequencing --- Determination, DNA Sequence --- Determinations, DNA Sequence --- Sequence Determinations, DNA --- DNA Sequence Analysis --- Sequence Determination, DNA --- Analyses, DNA Sequence --- DNA Sequence Analyses --- Sequence Analyses, DNA --- Sequencing, DNA --- Data Files --- Data Linkage --- Data Retrieval --- Data Sources --- Data Storage --- Data Storage and Retrieval --- Information Extraction --- Information Storage --- Machine-Readable Data Files --- Information Retrieval --- Data File --- Data File, Machine-Readable --- Data Files, Machine-Readable --- Data Source --- Extraction, Information --- Files, Machine-Readable Data --- Information Extractions --- Machine Readable Data Files --- Machine-Readable Data File --- Retrieval, Data --- Storage, Data --- DNA bank databases --- DNA banking databases --- DNA databanks --- DNA databases --- Chromosome markers --- DNA markers --- Medicine. --- Human genetics. --- Plant genetics. --- Animal genetics. --- Biomedicine. --- Human Genetics. --- Animal Genetics and Genomics. --- Plant Genetics & Genomics. --- Plants --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Plant Genetics and Genomics.

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Gene regulatory networks play a vital role in organismal development and function by controlling gene expression. With the availability of complete genome sequences, several novel experimental and computational approaches have recently been developed which promise to significantly enhance our ability to comprehensively characterize these regulatory networks by enabling the identification of respectively their genomic or regulatory state components, or the interactions between these two in unprecedented detail. Divided into five convenient sections, Gene Regulatory Networks: Methods and Protocols details how each of these approaches contributes to a more thorough understanding of the composition and function of gene regulatory networks, while providing a comprehensive protocol on how to implement them in the laboratory. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, chapters contain introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.   Authoritative and accessible, Gene Regulatory Networks: Methods and Protocols aims to provide novices and experienced researchers alike with a comprehensive and timely toolkit to study gene regulatory networks from the point of data generation to processing, visualization, and modeling.

Gene expression --- Genetic regulation --- Genetic regulation. --- Genregulation. --- Methode. --- Netzwerk. --- Gene Regulatory Networks --- Gene Expression Regulation --- Gene Expression --- Transcription Factors --- Simulation methods. --- Genetic Processes --- Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid --- Publication Formats --- Proteins --- Publication Characteristics --- Genetic Phenomena --- Base Sequence --- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins --- Genetic Structures --- Phenomena and Processes --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Laboratory Manuals --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Biophysics --- Genetics --- Expression Regulation, Gene --- Regulation, Gene Action --- Regulation, Gene Expression --- Gene Action Regulation --- Regulation of Gene Expression --- Expression, Gene --- Expressions, Gene --- Gene Expressions --- Transcription Factor --- Factor, Transcription --- Factors, Transcription --- Gene Module --- Gene Circuits --- Gene Modules --- Gene Networks --- Transcriptional Networks --- Circuit, Gene --- Circuits, Gene --- Gene Circuit --- Gene Network --- Gene Regulatory Network --- Module, Gene --- Modules, Gene --- Network, Gene --- Network, Gene Regulatory --- Network, Transcriptional --- Networks, Gene --- Networks, Gene Regulatory --- Networks, Transcriptional --- Regulatory Network, Gene --- Regulatory Networks, Gene --- Transcriptional Network --- Genetic Structure --- Structure, Genetic --- Structures, Genetic --- DNA Sequences --- DNA Sequence --- Nucleotide Sequence --- RNA Sequence --- Base Sequences --- Nucleotide Sequences --- RNA Sequences --- Sequence, Base --- Sequence, DNA --- Sequence, Nucleotide --- Sequence, RNA --- Sequences, Base --- Sequences, DNA --- Sequences, Nucleotide --- Sequences, RNA --- Genetic Concepts --- Genetic Phenomenon --- Genetic Process --- Concept, Genetic --- Concepts, Genetic --- Genetic Concept --- Phenomena, Genetic --- Phenomenon, Genetic --- Process, Genetic --- Processes, Genetic --- Gene Products, Protein --- Gene Proteins --- Protein Gene Products --- Proteins, Gene --- Region, Regulatory --- Regions, Regulatory --- Regulator Regions, Nucleic Acid --- Regulatory Region --- Regulatory Regions --- Nucleic Acid Regulatory Sequences --- Regulatory Regions, Nucleic Acid (Genetics) --- Genes --- Gene expression regulation --- Gene regulation --- Expression --- Regulation --- Medicine. --- Human genetics. --- Gene expression. --- Biomedicine. --- Human Genetics. --- Gene Expression. --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians

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Word order is one of the major properties on which languages are compared and its study is fundamental to linguistics. This comprehensive survey provides an up-to-date, critical overview of this widely debated topic, exploring and evaluating word order research carried out in four major theoretical frameworks - linguistic typology, generative grammar, optimality theory and processing-based theories. It is the first book to bring these theoretical approaches together in one place and is therefore a one-stop resource covering the current developments in word order research. It explains word order patterns in different languages and at different structural levels and critically evaluates (and where possible, compares) the theoretical assumptions and word order principles used in the different approaches. Also highlighted are issues and problems that require further investigation or remain unresolved. This book will be invaluable to those investigating word order, and researchers and students in syntax, linguistic theory and typology.

Grammar --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Grammaire comparée --- Word order --- Ordre des mots --- Word order. --- Grammaire comparée --- Language and languages --- Order (Grammar) --- Linear ordering (Grammar) --- Ordering constraints (Grammar) --- Sequence (Linguistics) --- Arts and Humanities --- Language & Linguistics --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Syntaxe

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Microarray technology has made strong progress over the past decade, and there have also been significant changes in application areas, from nucleic acids to proteomics and from research to clinical applications. This book provides a comprehensive overview of microarrays in diagnostics and biomarker development, covering DNA, peptide, protein and tissue arrays. The focus is on entities that are in actual clinical use, or quite close, and on recent developments, such as peptide and aptamer arrays. A further topic is the miniaturisation towards “nanoarrays”, which is expected to have great potential in clinical applications. Relevant issues of bioinformatics and statistical analysis of array data are discussed in detail, as well as the barriers to the commercialisation of array-based tests and the vexing IP issues involved. Thus, the book should be very useful tor active array users as well as to newcomers seeking to make the best choice between different technologies.

Cytology. --- DNA microarrays. --- Medicine. --- Protein microarrays. --- DNA microarrays --- Protein microarrays --- Sequence Analysis --- Molecular Probe Techniques --- Investigative Techniques --- Microarray Analysis --- Nucleic Acid Hybridization --- Genetic Techniques --- Microchip Analytical Procedures --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Chemistry Techniques, Analytical --- Protein Array Analysis --- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis --- Clinical Laboratory Techniques --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Animal Biochemistry --- Biomedical Engineering --- Biochemical markers. --- Biologic markers --- Biological markers --- Biomarkers --- Markers, Biochemical --- DNA biochips --- Microarrays, DNA --- Microarrays. --- Cell biology. --- Biomedicine. --- Cell Biology. --- Biochemistry --- Indicators (Biology) --- Biochips --- Immobilized nucleic acids --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Cytologists

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Geological time --- Geochronometry --- Temps géologique --- Géochronométrie --- Geological time. --- Temps géologique --- Géochronométrie --- Age of rocks --- Geochronology --- Geochrony --- Rocks --- Time, Geological --- Chronology --- Historical geology --- Sequence stratigraphy --- Age --- Geochronometry. --- Dating of fossils --- Dating of rocks --- Fossils --- Geological chronometry --- Time measurements --- Dating --- Measurement