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While many reports have focused specifically on women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics careers, this assessment employs comparative analyses to examine the career trajectories of women researchers across a variety of disciplines. The Panel was able to respond to the charge using a combination of research methods, but their analyses were sometimes hindered by a paucity of key data sets.

Women scholars --- Women scientists --- Universities and colleges --- Sex discrimination in higher education --- Employment --- Faculty

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Women Biblical scholars. --- Bible --- Criticism, interpretation, etc --- History --- Women Biblical scholars --- 22.06*91 --- Biblical scholars --- Women scholars --- 22.06*91 Bijbel: feministische exegese --- Bijbel: feministische exegese --- Biblia --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- History.

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Republic of Women recaptures a lost chapter in the narrative of intellectual history. It tells the story of a transnational network of female scholars who were active members of the seventeenth-century republic of letters and demonstrates that this intellectual commonwealth was a much more eclectic and diverse assemblage than has been assumed. These seven scholars - Anna Maria van Schurman, Princess Elisabeth of Bohemia, Marie de Gournay, Marie du Moulin, Dorothy Moore, Bathsua Makin and Katherine Jones, Lady Ranelagh - were philosophers, schoolteachers, reformers and mathematicians. They hailed from England, Ireland, Germany, France and The Netherlands. And together with their male colleagues - men like Descartes, Huygens, Hartlib and Montaigne - they represented the spectrum of contemporary approaches to science, faith, politics and the advancement of learning. Carol Pal uses their collective biography to reconfigure the intellectual biography of early modern Europe, offering a new, expanded analysis of the seventeenth-century community of ideas.

Literature --- anno 1600-1699 --- Literature and society --- Women scholars --- Women --- Human females --- Wimmin --- Woman --- Womon --- Womyn --- Females --- Human beings --- Femininity --- Scholars --- Women in education --- Women specialists --- Belles-lettres --- Western literature (Western countries) --- World literature --- Philology --- Authors --- Authorship --- Literature and sociology --- Society and literature --- Sociology and literature --- Sociolinguistics --- History --- Women authors --- History and criticism. --- History. --- Intellectual life --- Social aspects --- Learning and scholarship --- Europe --- Erudition --- Scholarship --- Civilization --- Education --- Research --- Arts and Humanities --- Women scholars - Europe - Biography --- Women - Europe - Intellectual life - 17th century --- Europe - Intellectual life - 17th century --- Learning and scholarship - History - 17th century

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Florence Ayscough -- poet, translator, Sinologist, Shanghailander, "sensual realist", avid collector, pioneering photographer and early feminist champion of women's rights in China. Ayscough's modernist translations of the classical poets still command respect, her ethnographic studies of the lives of Chinese women still engender feminist critiques over three quarters of a century later and her collections of Chinese ceramics and objets now form an important part of several American museums' Asian art collections. Raised in Shanghai in an archetypal family in the late nineteenth century, Ayscough was to become anything but a typical foreigner in China. Encouraged by the New England poet Amy Lowell, she became a much sought-after translator in the early years of the new century, not least for her radical interpretations of the Tang dynasty poet Tu Fu published by the renowned literary critic Harriet Monroe. She later moved on to record China and particularly Chinese women using the new technology of photography, turn the Royal Asiatic Society's Shanghai library into the best on the China Coast and build several impressive collections featuring jars from the Dowager Empress Ci Xi, Ming and Qing ceramics. By the time of her death, Florence Ayscough left a legacy of collecting and scholarship unrivalled by any other foreign woman in China before or since. In this biography, Lindsay Shen recovers Ayscough for posterity and returns her to us as a woman of amazing intellectual vibrancy and strength.

Women collectors --- Women photographers --- Women translators --- Scholars --- Women scholars --- Sinologists --- Chinese studies specialists --- Sinologues --- East Asia specialists --- Women in education --- Women specialists --- Translators --- Women linguists --- Women as photographers --- Photographers --- Collectors and collecting --- Ayscough, Florence Wheelock, --- MacNair, Florence Wheelock Ayscough, --- McNair, Florence Wheelock,