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Thanks to these generous donors for making the publication of this book possible: David Lerman and Shelley Wallock; D. Walter Cohen, Wendy and Leonard Cooper; Rabbi Howard Gorin; Gittel and Alan Hilibrand; Marjorie and Jeffrey Major; Jeanette Lerman Neubauer and Joe Neubauer; Gayle and David Smith; and Harriet and Donald Young. Ever since Abraham's famous argument with God, Judaism has been full of debate. Moses and Korah, David and Nathan, Hillel and Shammai, the Vilna Gaon and the Ba'al Shem Tov, Spinoza and the Amsterdam Rabbis . . . the list goes on. Jews debate justice, authority, inclusion, spirituality, resistance, evolution, Zionism, and more. No wonder that Judaism cherishes the expression machloket l'shem shamayim, "an argument for the sake of heaven."  In this concise but important survey, Rabbi Barry L. Schwartz presents the provocative and vibrant thesis that debate and disputation are not only encouraged within Judaism but reside at the very heart of Jewish history and theology. In his graceful, engaging, and creative prose, Schwartz presents an introduction to an intellectual history of Judaism through the art of argumentation. Beyond their historical importance, what makes these disputations so compelling is that nearly all of them, regardless of their epochs, are still being argued. Schwartz builds the case that the basis of Judaism is a series of unresolved rather than resolved arguments.  Drawing on primary sources, and with a bit of poetic license, Schwartz reconstructs the real or imagined dialogue of ten great debates and then analyzes their significance and legacy. This parade of characters spanning three millennia of biblical, rabbinic, and modern disputation reflects the panorama of Jewish history with its monumental political, ethical, and spiritual challenges.

Judaism --- Religious disputations. --- Jewish theology --- Theology, Jewish --- Colloquies, Religious --- Disputations, Religious --- Disputations, Theological --- Religious colloquies --- Religious debates --- Theological disputations --- Theology --- Debates and debating --- Doctrines. --- History. --- Disputations

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Christian church history --- History of Germany and Austria --- anno 1500-1599 --- Halle [Germany] --- Sin, Original --- Laity --- Church controversies --- Lutheran Church --- History of doctrines --- History --- Doctrines --- Mansfeld (Halle, Germany) --- Church history --- 284.1 <43> "15" --- Lutheranism --- Christian sects --- Church conflicts --- Church disputes --- Church fights --- Conflicts, Church --- Controversies, Church --- Fights, Church --- Church management --- Religious disputations --- Christian laity --- Laymen --- Church polity --- Lay ministry --- Depravity --- Original sin --- Fall of man --- Lutheraanse hervorming. Reformatie van Luther--Duitsland --"15" --- Mansfeld, Ger.

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Reformation --- Theology, Doctrinal --- Protestant churches --- Religious disputations --- Colloquies, Religious --- Disputations, Religious --- Disputations, Theological --- Religious colloquies --- Religious debates --- Theological disputations --- Theology --- Debates and debating --- Protestant sects --- Christian sects --- Protestantism --- Protestant Reformation --- Church history --- Counter-Reformation --- History --- Doctrines --- Disputations --- Franciscans. --- Franciscans --- Alcantarines --- Bernardyni --- Cordeliers --- Discalced Friars Minor --- Família Franciscana --- Frades Menores --- Frailes Menores --- Franciscains --- Franciscains mineurs --- Franciscan Discalceati --- Franciscan Order --- Franciscan Reformati --- Franciszkanie --- Frant︠s︡iskanskiĭ orden --- Frant︠s︡iskant︠s︡y --- Frati minori --- Fratres minores --- Frères mineurs --- Friars, Gray --- Friars Minor --- Gråbrøderne --- Gray Friars --- Grey Friars --- Mala braća --- Minderbrüder --- Minoriten --- Minorites --- O.F.M. --- Observants --- OFM --- Ojcowie Franciszkanie --- Ordem dos Frades Menores --- Ordem dos Franciscanos --- Ordem Franciscana --- Orden de Frailes Menores --- Orden de los Frailes Menores --- Orden Franciscana --- Orden sv. Frant︠s︡iska --- Order of Friars Minor --- Ordine dei Frati Minori --- Ordine dei minori --- Ordre des frères franciscains mineurs --- Ordo Fratrum Minorum --- Reformati --- Reformed Franciscans --- Seraphic Order --- Capuchins --- Conventuals --- Franciscan Recollects --- Sächsische Franziskanerprovinz --- Sächsische Franziskanerprovinz vom Hl. Kreuz --- 271.3 <43 SACHSEN> --- 271.3 <43 SACHSEN> Franciskanen. Minderbroeders--Duitsland voor 1945 en na 1989--SACHSEN --- Franciskanen. Minderbroeders--Duitsland voor 1945 en na 1989--SACHSEN --- History.