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Preferential trading arrangements (PTAs) play an increasingly prominent role in the global political economy, two notable examples being the European Union and the North American Free Trade Agreement. These agreements foster economic integration among member states by enhancing their access to one another's markets. Yet despite the importance of PTAs to international trade and world politics, until now little attention has been focused on why governments choose to join them and how governments design them. This book offers valuable new insights into the political economy of PTA formation. Many economists have argued that the roots of these agreements lie in the promise they hold for improving the welfare of member states. Others have posited that trade agreements are a response to global political conditions. Edward Mansfield and Helen Milner argue that domestic politics provide a crucial impetus to the decision by governments to enter trade pacts. Drawing on this argument, they explain why democracies are more likely to enter PTAs than nondemocratic regimes, and why as the number of veto players--interest groups with the power to block policy change--increases in a prospective member state, the likelihood of the state entering a trade agreement is reduced. The book provides a novel view of the political foundations of trade agreements.

Commercial treaties. --- International trade. --- External trade --- Foreign commerce --- Foreign trade --- Global commerce --- Global trade --- Trade, International --- World trade --- Trade agreements (Commerce) --- Commerce --- International economic relations --- Non-traded goods --- Competition, International --- Foreign trade regulation --- Treaties --- Reciprocity (Commerce) --- Commercial treaties --- International trade --- E-books --- Foreign trade policy --- European Union. --- North American Free Trade Agreement. --- balance of power. --- domestic political conditions. --- domestic politics. --- economic integration. --- global business cycle. --- global political economy. --- hegemony. --- international relations. --- international trade agreements. --- international trade. --- political economy. --- preferential market access. --- preferential trading arrangements. --- ratification. --- regime type. --- strategic interaction. --- trade barriers. --- trade relations. --- veto players.