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The end of apartheid in 1994 signaled a moment of freedom and a promise of a nonracial future. With this promise came an injunction: define yourself as you truly are, as an individual, and as a community. Almost two decades later it is clear that it was less the prospect of that future than the habits and horizons of anxious life in racially defined enclaves that determined postapartheid freedom. In this book, Thomas Blom Hansen offers an in-depth analysis of the uncertainties, dreams, and anxieties that have accompanied postapartheid freedoms in Chatsworth, a formerly Indian township in Durban. Exploring five decades of township life, Hansen tells the stories of ordinary Indians whose lives were racialized and framed by the township, and how these residents domesticated and inhabited this urban space and its institutions, during apartheid and after. Hansen demonstrates the complex and ambivalent nature of ordinary township life. While the ideology of apartheid was widely rejected, its practical institutions, from urban planning to houses, schools, and religious spaces, were embraced in order to remake the community. Hansen describes how the racial segmentation of South African society still informs daily life, notions of race, personhood, morality, and religious ethics. He also demonstrates the force of global religious imaginings that promise a universal and inclusive community amid uncertain lives and futures in the postapartheid nation-state.
East Indians --- Asian Indians --- Indians, East --- Indians (India) --- Indic peoples --- Ethnology --- Durban (South Africa) --- Chatsworth (Durban, South Africa) --- Chatsworth, South Africa --- Chatsworth Indian Township (Durban, South Africa) --- Durban, Natal --- eThekwini (South Africa) --- Religion. --- Social conditions. --- Race relations. --- #SBIB:39A73 --- Etnografie: Afrika --- Africans. --- Asiatic question. --- Bollywood films. --- Chatsworth. --- Durban. --- Hinduism. --- Indian life. --- Indian middle class. --- Indian township. --- Indian townships. --- Indian. --- Indians. --- Jacob Zuma. --- Muslims. --- Natal. --- Pentecostal Christianity. --- South Africa. --- South African Indians. --- South Africans. --- ambition. --- apartheid regulation. --- apartheid. --- autonomy. --- charou. --- church communities. --- colonialism. --- coolie. --- cultural economy. --- cultural intimacy. --- cultural mobility. --- culturally alien people. --- cynicism. --- diasporic imagination. --- disengagement. --- ethnoracial definition. --- kombi taxi. --- majoritarianism. --- minorities. --- neo-Hindu movements. --- non-African communities. --- policy makers. --- politics. --- postapartheid city. --- postapartheid freedom. --- postapartheid society. --- postapartheid. --- private taxi industry. --- public culture. --- race lines. --- racial practices. --- racial segregation. --- racialized identities. --- racism. --- religious identity. --- religious purification. --- representative politics. --- roots tourism. --- social activists. --- social mobility. --- spiritual purification. --- township politics. --- traditional conservatism. --- urban landscape. --- urban music. --- working-class Indians. --- youth culture.
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The Politics of Precaution examines the politics of consumer and environmental risk regulation in the United States and Europe over the last five decades, explaining why America and Europe have often regulated a wide range of similar risks differently. It finds that between 1960 and 1990, American health, safety, and environmental regulations were more stringent, risk averse, comprehensive, and innovative than those adopted in Europe. But since around 1990, the book shows, global regulatory leadership has shifted to Europe. What explains this striking reversal? David Vogel takes an in-depth, comparative look at European and American policies toward a range of consumer and environmental risks, including vehicle air pollution, ozone depletion, climate change, beef and milk hormones, genetically modified agriculture, antibiotics in animal feed, pesticides, cosmetic safety, and hazardous substances in electronic products. He traces how concerns over such risks--and pressure on political leaders to do something about them--have risen among the European public but declined among Americans. Vogel explores how policymakers in Europe have grown supportive of more stringent regulations while those in the United States have become sharply polarized along partisan lines. And as European policymakers have grown more willing to regulate risks on precautionary grounds, increasingly skeptical American policymakers have called for higher levels of scientific certainty before imposing additional regulatory controls on business.
Environmental policy --- Public health laws --- Safety regulations --- Consumer protection --- Communicable diseases --- Public health --- Medical laws and legislation --- Safety regulations, International --- Accidents --- Police regulations --- Industrial safety --- Consumerism --- Protection, Consumer --- Commercial policy --- Law and legislation --- Prevention --- European 1 : --- American 1 : --- General & Multiperiod. --- American chemical regulations. --- American policies. --- American regulatory policies. --- EU. --- Europe. --- European chemical regulations. --- European policies. --- REACH. --- Toxic Substances Control Act 1976. --- United States. --- affluent democracies. --- agricultural production. --- air pollution. --- chemicals. --- climate change. --- consumer regulation. --- consumer risk regulation. --- consumer safety. --- cosmetic safety. --- cosmetics. --- costТenefit analyses. --- domestic pressures. --- drug lag. --- drugs. --- economic integration. --- environmental regulation. --- environmental risk regulation. --- environmental risk regulations. --- food safety. --- genetically modified agriculture. --- global regulatory leadership. --- government officials. --- hazardous substances. --- health risk. --- health. --- mobile source pollutants. --- nongovernment organizations. --- pesticides. --- pharmaceutical regulation. --- policy convergence. --- policy errors. --- policy makers. --- policy outcomes. --- policy shifts. --- policy styles. --- political salience. --- political systems. --- public demands. --- public opinion. --- public pressures. --- public risk. --- regulatory officials. --- regulatory stringency. --- risk assessment. --- risk assessments. --- risk regulation. --- risk regulations. --- safety risks. --- safety. --- transatlantic commerce. --- transatlantic politics. --- transatlantic risk regulation. --- vehicle air pollution.
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