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This book presents data on the optical constants of metal elements (Na, Au, Mg, Hg, Sc, Al, Ti, ß-Sn, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, La, Th, etc.) semimetal elements (graphite, Sb, etc.), metallic compounds (TiN, VC, TiSi 2 , CoSi 2 , etc.) and high-temperature superconducting materials (YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-d , MgB 2 , etc.). A complete set of the optical constants are presented in tabular and graphical forms over the entire photon-energy range. They are: the complex dielectric constant e( E )=e 1 ( E )+ie 2 ( E ), the complex refractive index n *( E )= n ( E )+i k ( E ), the absorption coefficient a( E ) and the

Metal coating. --- Metallizing. --- Polymers --- Metalization --- Metalizing --- Metallization --- Metal coating --- Coating, Metal --- Metallic coating --- Coatings --- Metallic composites --- Metallic films --- Metals --- Protective coatings --- Refractory coating --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Plating --- Surfaces. --- Semimetals --- Transition metal compounds --- 620.18 --- 669.018 --- Chemicals --- Metalloids --- Metallic elements --- Chemical elements --- Ores --- Metallurgy --- Films, Metallic --- Thin films --- 620.18 Investigation of structure of materials. Metallography. Analogous study of non-metals --- Investigation of structure of materials. Metallography. Analogous study of non-metals --- 669.018 Metallic materials from the point of view of their general properties. Alloys in general --- Metallic materials from the point of view of their general properties. Alloys in general --- Optical properties

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Electric control of magnetic properties, or inversely, magnetic control of dielectric properties in solids, is called a magnetoelectric effect and has long been investigated from the point of view of both fundamental physics and potential application. Magnetic and dielectric properties usually show minimal coupling, but it recently has been discovered that magnetically induced ferroelectricity in some spiral magnets enables remarkably large and versatile magnetoelectric responses. To stabilize such helimagnetism, magnetic frustration (competition between different magnetic interactions) is considered the key. In the present work, two of the most typical frustrated spin systems—triangular lattice antiferromagnets and edge-shared chain magnets—have systematically been investigated. Despite the crystallographic simplicity of target systems, rich magnetoelectric responses are ubiquitously observed. The current results published here offer a useful guideline in the search for new materials with unique magnetoelectric functions, and also provide an important basis for a deeper understanding of magnetoelectric phenomena in more complex systems.

Computer storage device industry. --- Computer storage devices. --- Instrument industry. --- Magnetic films -- Industrial applications. --- Magnetoresistance -- Industrial applications. --- Spintronics. --- Spintronics --- Electrical & Computer Engineering --- Physics --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Electrical Engineering --- Electricity & Magnetism --- Magnetoelectronics --- Spin electronics --- Physics. --- Magnetism. --- Magnetic materials. --- Optical materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Metals. --- Magnetism, Magnetic Materials. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Metallic Materials. --- Microelectronics --- Nanotechnology --- Materials. --- Optics --- Materials --- Mathematical physics --- Electricity --- Magnetics --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Metallic elements --- Chemical elements --- Ores --- Metallurgy --- Electronic materials

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Although interactions between nanoparticles and microorganisms in the environment are unavoidable and commonplace, it is still not clear what potential effects they may have. Metallic Nanocrystallites and their Interface with Microbial Systems not only illustrates how microbes and these particular nanoparticles interact but also it describes the consequences of these interactions. This brief discusses the impact of gold, silver, zinc oxide, and cerium oxide nanoparticles on the growth and viability of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterium is discussed.  Moreover, it analyses the relationship between bacterial growth inhibition, reactive oxygen species generation, the regulation of transcriptional stress genomes, and the toxicity of these materials. Finally, it reviews the specific metallic nanomaterials and highlights their modes of synthesis, reactivity at surfaces, and the importance of assay procedures in determining their toxicity levels.  Various microscopy techniques used to determine their mechanisms of action are also presented. Metallic Nanocrystallites and their Interface with Microbial Systems will be a valuable source to the scientific and industrial community as well as to students and researchers in microbiology, biotechnology, nanotechnology, toxicology, materials science, biomedical engineering, cell and molecular biology.

Microbial biotechnology. --- Nanotechnology. --- Nanocrystals --- Nanotechnology --- Microbial biotechnology --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Materials Science --- Biotechnology. --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- Materials science. --- Pharmacology. --- Microbiology. --- Metals. --- Materials Science. --- Metallic Materials. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Applied Microbiology. --- High technology --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Materials. --- Toxicology. --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Microorganisms --- Chemicals --- Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Toxicology --- Materials --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Medical sciences --- Chemotherapy --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Metallic elements --- Chemical elements --- Ores --- Metallurgy --- Physiological effect

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This work in three parts presents a summary of the sintered manganese steel properties from 1948 to 2011 involving processing conditions and other characteristics. In the first and third part are given results attained by the authors based on their finding that manganese (cheapest element) during sintering evaporates and by this the vapour cleans the sintering atmospheres from humidity. The second part  presents other positive properties of manganese steels in spite of the doubt of oxidation of manganese during sintering and by this  excluding the sintering manganese steels what hinderd the use of manganese in production of sintered parts. All results confirm  that only manganese vapour according to finding of the authors ensures effective sintering of manganese steels and parts independently on the authors mind. It follows finally from the work that   manganese is possible to use for alloying of powder steels sintered also in practice  in H/N atmospheres with low purity and also in pure nitrogen - cheaper than hydrogen without some of the associated problems. Current trends in the field are also presented to the reader.

Automobiles -- Materials. --- Automobiles. --- Powder metallurgy. --- Manganese alloys --- Powder metallurgy --- Mechanical Engineering --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Metallurgy & Mineralogy --- Materials Science --- Manganese --- Metallurgy. --- Metallurgy, Powder --- Powder metal processes --- Materials science. --- Inorganic chemistry. --- Structural materials. --- Metals. --- Materials Science. --- Metallic Materials. --- Inorganic Chemistry. --- Structural Materials. --- Compacting --- Metallurgy --- Materials. --- Chemistry, inorganic. --- Inorganic chemistry --- Chemistry --- Inorganic compounds --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Materials --- Architectural materials --- Architecture --- Building --- Building supplies --- Buildings --- Construction materials --- Structural materials --- Metallic elements --- Chemical elements --- Ores

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High Performance Grinding and Advanced Cutting Tools discusses the fundamentals and advances in high performance grinding processes, and provides a complete overview of newly-developing areas in the field. Topics covered are grinding tool formulation and structure, grinding wheel design and conditioning and applications using high performance grinding wheels. Also included are heat treatment strategies for grinding tools, using grinding tools for high speed applications, laser-based and diamond dressing techniques, high-efficiency deep grinding, VIPER grinding, and new grinding wheels.

Gear-cutting machines. --- Grinding machines --- Cutting machines --- Mechanical Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Mechanical Engineering - General --- Grinding machines. --- Cutting machines. --- Engineering. --- Machinery. --- Manufacturing industries. --- Machines. --- Tools. --- Metals. --- Manufacturing, Machines, Tools. --- Metallic Materials. --- Machinery and Machine Elements. --- Machinery --- Manufactures. --- Materials. --- Manufacturing, Machines, Tools, Processes. --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Manufactured goods --- Manufactured products --- Products --- Products, Manufactured --- Commercial products --- Manufacturing industries --- Materials --- Metallic elements --- Chemical elements --- Ores --- Metallurgy --- Machines --- Manufactures --- Power (Mechanics) --- Mechanical engineering --- Motors --- Power transmission --- Curious devices