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Thermosiphons. --- Gamma rays. --- Radiation dosage. --- Nuclear reactors. --- Irradiation.
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Uranium mines and mining --- Radon --- Radon mitigation --- Gamma rays --- Abandoned mines --- Measurement. --- United States --- Officials and employees --- Health and hygiene.
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Radiography, Industrial. --- X-rays --- X-ray scattering --- Scattering (Physics) --- Industrial radiography --- Materials --- Radiographic examination of materials --- Radiology, Industrial --- Gamma rays --- Nondestructive testing --- Radioisotopes --- Scattering. --- Radiography --- Industrial applications
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Uranium mines and mining --- Uranium mines and mining --- Radon --- Radon --- Radon mitigation --- Radon mitigation --- Gamma rays --- Abandoned mines --- Abandoned mines --- Measurement. --- Measurement. --- Measurement. --- United States --- Officials and employees --- Health and hygiene.
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The Standard Model of fundamental particles and their interactions is one of the most successful theories in physics. In particular, up to the weak scale (a few hundreds of GeV) it agrees to a great degree with a large set of experimental data. However, there are several theoretical reasons, such as the so-called "Hierarchy Problem", as well as experimental ones, such as the neutrino masses and the evidence for dark matter in the Universe, to expect that something new (particles and/or interactions) could lie at TeV scale. Hints and/or answer(s) to these fundamental questions will be provided by the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), a proton-proton collider running at high energies.The present thesis aims to explore new physics at the LHC through phenomenological studies that employ simulations and computational tools to directly link theories with experimental data. In particular, the focus is on Beyond Standard Model theories that can incorporate a quantum description of gravity, such as extra dimensional theories, Supersymmetry and yet a simplified model where the constant of Newton is scale dependent. Phenomenological analyses are performed in which graviton and gravitino emission in combination with multiple jets are investigated at hadron colliders. Inclusive samples are generated by merging matrix element with parton shower descriptions, and validated by a comparison against next-to-leading order QCD calculations. Predictions for relevant observables at the LHC and Tevatron are obtained.
academic collection --- 539.12 <043> --- 530.19 <043> --- 530.19 <043> Fundamental functions in general. Potential. Gradient. Intensity. Capacity etc.--Dissertaties --- Fundamental functions in general. Potential. Gradient. Intensity. Capacity etc.--Dissertaties --- 539.12 <043> Elementary and simple particles (charge less than 3 including alpha-rays, beta-rays, gamma-rays as individual particles or as radiation)--Dissertaties --- Elementary and simple particles (charge less than 3 including alpha-rays, beta-rays, gamma-rays as individual particles or as radiation)--Dissertaties --- Theses
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The original work presented in this thesis constitutes an important contribution to modern Cosmic Ray (CR) physics, and comes during one of the most exciting periods of this field. The first part introduces a new numerical code (DRAGON) to model the CR propagation in our Galaxy. The code is then used to perform a combined analysis of CR data, making it possible to determine their propagation properties with unprecedented accuracy. The second part is dedicated to a theoretical interpretation of the recent crucial experimental results on cosmic electron and positron spectra (PAMELA, Fermi-LAT experiments). Using the tools developed in the first part of the thesis, the author convincingly argues for the existence of a new spectral component, which could arise either from local astrophysical sources, such as pulsars, or from Dark Matter annihilation or decay. This thesis is a highly advanced work; the methods, analysis and results are clearly and carefully presented. This work is set to become an important reference document for any future work in this area.
Cosmic rays. --- Gamma ray astronomy. --- Gamma ray bursts. --- Astronomy & Astrophysics --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Light & Optics --- Astrophysics --- Gamma rays. --- Gamma ray spectrometry. --- Diffusion. --- Gases --- Liquids --- Spectrometry, Gamma ray --- Gamma radiation --- Millikan rays --- Diffusion --- Physics. --- Astrophysics. --- Plasma (Ionized gases). --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles. --- Numerical and Computational Physics. --- Plasma Physics. --- Extraterrestrial radiation --- Ionizing radiation --- Nuclear physics --- Radioactivity --- Space environment --- Separation (Technology) --- Solution (Chemistry) --- Solutions, Solid --- Matter --- Packed towers --- Semiconductor doping --- Angular correlations (Nuclear physics) --- Gamma rays --- Nuclear spectroscopy --- Radiochemistry --- Spectrometer --- Spectrum analysis --- Electromagnetic waves --- Properties --- Numerical and Computational Physics, Simulation. --- Gaseous discharge --- Gaseous plasma --- Magnetoplasma --- Ionized gases --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics
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L’installation des nouveaux synchrotrons de haute énergie européens ainsi que la construction de la future source à spallation européenne ouvrent des perspectives nouvelles et inédites de recherche dans le domaine des matériaux et biomatériaux. C’est tout l’enjeu de ce livre qui présente les nouveaux équipements et les évolutions les plus récentes dans les techniques d’analyses des contraintes et des textures. Rayonnement synchrotron, rayons X et neutrons au service des matériaux, fait le point sur les nouvelles thématiques abordées et présente les nouvelles générations de sources synchrotrons et sources à spallation. Dans ce livre, l’analyse de la texture cristallographique dans les matériaux est particulièrement abordée ainsi que l’intérêt de la simulation numérique pour l’analyse des contraintes. Un chapitre entier présente les résultats les plus récents dans les secteurs de l’aéronautique, du ferroviaire à grande vitesse, de la géologie ainsi que dans le domaine des biomatériaux et des matériaux nouveaux. Après une présentation générale et un historique détaillé de la mesure des déformations, les auteurs montrent l’intérêt des neutrons dans la caractérisation des matériaux ainsi que l’utilisation du rayonnement synchrotron en science des matériaux. Une présentation détaillée de la technique et des problèmes rencontrés est faite dans la détermination des contraintes mécaniques par les grands instruments.
X-rays --- Radiography, Industrial. --- Materials --- Strength of materials. --- Strains and stresses. --- Architectural engineering --- Engineering, Architectural --- Stresses and strains --- Architecture --- Elastic solids --- Flexure --- Mechanics --- Statics --- Structural analysis (Engineering) --- Deformations (Mechanics) --- Elasticity --- Engineering design --- Graphic statics --- Strength of materials --- Stress waves --- Structural design --- Materials, Strength of --- Resistance of materials --- Building materials --- Testing --- Strains and stresses --- Industrial radiography --- Radiographic examination of materials --- Radiology, Industrial --- Gamma rays --- Nondestructive testing --- Radioisotopes --- Industrial applications. --- Testing. --- Radiography --- Industrial applications
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