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This book is the closing report of the national priority program Nature-Inspired Fluid Mechanics (Schwerpunktprogramm SPP 1207: Strömungsbeeinflussung in der Natur und Technik). Nature-inspired fluid mechanics is one subset of biomimetics, a discipline which has received increased attention over the last decade, with numerous faculties and degree courses devoted solely to exploring ‘nature as a model’ for engineering applications. To save locomotion energy, evolution has optimized the design of animals such that friction loss is minimized. In addition to many morphological adaptations, animals that are often exposed to water or air currents have developed special behaviors that allow them to use the energy contained in air or water fluctuations for energy savings. Such flow manipulation and control is not only important for many animals, but also for many engineering applications. Since living beings have been optimized by several million years of evolution it is very likely that many engineering disciplines can profit from the study of systems found in nature. Curiously, there has been little serious cross-disciplinary work and information exchange on the topic of fluid dynamics and flow control and this was the initial motivation to establish this national priority program.

Bioinformatics. --- Biomimicry. --- Engineering. --- Fluid mechanics. --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Civil Engineering --- Applied Physics --- Biomimetics. --- Hydromechanics --- Applied mathematics. --- Engineering mathematics. --- Engineering Fluid Dynamics. --- Computational Biology/Bioinformatics. --- Appl.Mathematics/Computational Methods of Engineering. --- Continuum mechanics --- Biomimicry --- Chemicals --- Hydraulic engineering. --- Mathematical and Computational Engineering. --- Engineering --- Engineering analysis --- Mathematical analysis --- Bio-informatics --- Biological informatics --- Biology --- Information science --- Computational biology --- Systems biology --- Engineering, Hydraulic --- Fluid mechanics --- Hydraulics --- Shore protection --- Mathematics --- Data processing --- Computational and Systems Biology. --- Mathematical and Computational Engineering Applications. --- Data processing.

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This book project was initiated at The Tribute Workshop in Honour of Gunnar Sparr and the follow-up workshop Inequalities, Interpolation, Non-commutative Analysis, Non-commutative Geometry and Applications, held at the Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Lund University in May and November of 2008.  The resulting book is dedicated in celebration of Gunnar Sparr's sixty-fifth anniversary and more than forty years of exceptional service to mathematics and its applications in engineering and technology, mathematics and engineering education, as well as interdisciplinary, industrial and international cooperation.   This book presents new advances in several areas of mathematics and engineering mathematics including applications in modern technology, engineering and life sciences.  Thirteen high-quality chapters put forward many new methods and results, reviews of up to date research and open directions and problems for future research. A special chapter by Gunnar Sparr and Georg Lindgren contains a historical account and important aspects of engineering mathematics research and education, and the implementation of the highly successful education programme in Engineering Mathematics at Lund Institute of Technology,  where not only the mathematical sciences have played a role. This book will serve as a source of inspiration for a broad spectrum of researchers and research students.

Engineering mathematics. --- Mathematical analysis. --- Mathematics. --- Mathematical analysis --- Engineering mathematics --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Applied Mathematics --- Engineering --- Engineering analysis --- 517.1 Mathematical analysis --- Mathematics --- Analysis (Mathematics). --- Applied mathematics. --- Applications of Mathematics. --- Appl.Mathematics/Computational Methods of Engineering. --- Signal, Image and Speech Processing. --- Analysis. --- Mathematics Education. --- Study and teaching. --- Math --- Science --- Global analysis (Mathematics). --- Mathematical and Computational Engineering. --- Analysis, Global (Mathematics) --- Differential topology --- Functions of complex variables --- Geometry, Algebraic --- Signal processing. --- Image processing. --- Speech processing systems. --- Mathematics—Study and teaching . --- Computational linguistics --- Electronic systems --- Information theory --- Modulation theory --- Oral communication --- Speech --- Telecommunication --- Singing voice synthesizers --- Pictorial data processing --- Picture processing --- Processing, Image --- Imaging systems --- Optical data processing --- Processing, Signal --- Information measurement --- Signal theory (Telecommunication) --- Angewandte Mathematik. --- Lund <2008> --- Engineering—Data processing. --- Mathematics—Study and teaching. --- Mathematical and Computational Engineering Applications. --- Signal, Speech and Image Processing .

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The problems of conditional optimization of the uniform (or C-) norm for polynomials and rational functions arise in various branches of science and technology. Their numerical solution is notoriously difficult in case of high degree functions. The book develops the classical Chebyshev's approach which gives analytical representation for the solution in terms of Riemann surfaces. The techniques born in the remote (at the first glance) branches of mathematics such as complex analysis, Riemann surfaces and Teichmüller theory, foliations, braids, topology are applied to  approximation problems. The key feature of this book is the usage of beautiful ideas of contemporary mathematics for the solution of applied problems and their effective numerical realization. This is one of the few books  where the computational aspects of the higher genus Riemann surfaces are illuminated. Effective work with the moduli spaces of algebraic curves provides wide opportunities for numerical experiments in mathematics and theoretical physics.

Mathematics. --- Mathematical physics --- Polynomials --- Mathematical optimization --- Riemann surfaces --- Mathematics --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Algebra --- Calculus --- Applied Physics --- Polynomials. --- Extremal problems (Mathematics) --- Riemann surfaces. --- Surfaces, Riemann --- Graph theory --- Problems, Extremal (Mathematics) --- Extremal problems --- Approximation theory. --- Functions of complex variables. --- Global analysis (Mathematics). --- Manifolds (Mathematics). --- Numerical analysis. --- Physics. --- Applied mathematics. --- Engineering mathematics. --- Functions of a Complex Variable. --- Approximations and Expansions. --- Numerical Analysis. --- Global Analysis and Analysis on Manifolds. --- Numerical and Computational Physics. --- Appl.Mathematics/Computational Methods of Engineering. --- Functions --- Calculus of variations --- Geometric function theory --- Maxima and minima --- Global analysis. --- Numerical and Computational Physics, Simulation. --- Mathematical and Computational Engineering. --- Engineering --- Engineering analysis --- Mathematical analysis --- Complex variables --- Elliptic functions --- Functions of real variables --- Math --- Science --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Geometry, Differential --- Topology --- Analysis, Global (Mathematics) --- Differential topology --- Functions of complex variables --- Geometry, Algebraic --- Theory of approximation --- Functional analysis --- Chebyshev systems --- Mathematical physics. --- Theoretical, Mathematical and Computational Physics. --- Mathematical and Computational Engineering Applications. --- Data processing. --- Physical mathematics --- Physics

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This volume contains eight state of the art contributions on mathematical aspects and applications of fast boundary element methods in engineering and industry. This covers the analysis and numerics of boundary integral equations by using differential forms, preconditioning of hp boundary element methods, the application of fast boundary element methods for solving challenging problems in magnetostatics, the simulation of micro electro mechanical systems, and for contact problems in solid mechanics. Other contributions are on recent results on boundary element methods for the solution of transient problems. This book is addressed to researchers, graduate students and practitioners working on and using boundary element methods. All contributions also show the great achievements of interdisciplinary research between mathematicians and engineers, with direct applications in engineering and industry.

Engineering -- Mathematical models. --- Engineering mathematics. --- Molecules -- Models -- Industrial applications. --- Boundary element methods --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Civil Engineering --- Boundary element methods. --- BEM (Engineering analysis) --- BIE analysis --- BIE methods --- Boundary element analysis --- Boundary elements methods --- Boundary integral equation analysis --- Boundary integral equation methods --- Boundary integral methods --- Engineering. --- Computer mathematics. --- Mechanics. --- Applied mathematics. --- Mechanics, Applied. --- Theoretical and Applied Mechanics. --- Appl.Mathematics/Computational Methods of Engineering. --- Computational Mathematics and Numerical Analysis. --- Numerical analysis --- Mechanics, applied. --- Computer science --- Mathematical and Computational Engineering. --- Classical Mechanics. --- Mathematics. --- Computer mathematics --- Discrete mathematics --- Electronic data processing --- Classical mechanics --- Newtonian mechanics --- Physics --- Dynamics --- Quantum theory --- Engineering --- Engineering analysis --- Mathematical analysis --- Applied mechanics --- Engineering, Mechanical --- Engineering mathematics --- Mathematics --- Engineering Mechanics. --- Mathematical and Computational Engineering Applications. --- Data processing.

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This fascinating book examines some of the characteristics of technological/engineering models that are likely to be unfamiliar to those who are interested primarily in the history and philosophy of science and mathematics, and which differentiate technological models from scientific and mathematical ones. Themes that will be highlighted include: • the role of language: the models developed for engineering design have resulted in new ways of talking about technological systems • communities of practice: related to the previous point, particular engineering communities have particular ways of sharing and developing knowledge • graphical (re)presentation: engineers have developed many ways of reducing quite complex mathematical models to more simple representations • reification: highly abstract mathematical models are turned into ‘objects’ that can be manipulated almost like components of a physical system • machines: not only the currently ubiquitous digital computer, but also older analogue devices – slide rules, physical models, wind tunnels and other small-scale simulators, as well as mechanical, electrical and electronic analogue computers • mathematics and modelling as a bridging tool between disciplines This book studies primarily modelling in technological practice. It is worth noting that models of the type considered in the book are not always highly valued in formal engineering education at university level, which often takes an “applied science” approach close to that of the natural sciences (something that can result in disaffection on the part of students). Yet in an informal context, such as laboratories, industrial placements, and so on, a very different situation obtains. A number of chapters will consider such epistemological aspects, as well as the status of different types of models within the engineering education community.

Engineering mathematics. --- Robotics and automation. --- Systems theory. --- Engineering --- Mechanical Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Applied Mathematics --- Mechanical Engineering - General --- Mathematical models --- Engineering models. --- Mathematical models. --- Similitude in engineering --- Models --- Engineering. --- System theory. --- Applied mathematics. --- Robotics. --- Automation. --- Robotics and Automation. --- Appl.Mathematics/Computational Methods of Engineering. --- Systems Theory, Control. --- Models and modelmaking --- Mathematical and Computational Engineering. --- Engineering analysis --- Mathematical analysis --- Mathematics --- Systems, Theory of --- Systems science --- Science --- Automatic factories --- Automatic production --- Computer control --- Engineering cybernetics --- Factories --- Industrial engineering --- Mechanization --- Assembly-line methods --- Automatic control --- Automatic machinery --- CAD/CAM systems --- Robotics --- Automation --- Machine theory --- Philosophy --- Control engineering. --- Control theory. --- Control, Robotics, Automation. --- Mathematical and Computational Engineering Applications. --- Systems Theory, Control . --- Data processing. --- Dynamics --- Control engineering --- Control equipment --- Control theory --- Engineering instruments --- Programmable controllers