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Early birds and night owls are born, not made. Sleep patterns may be the most obvious manifestation of the highly individualized biological clocks we inherit, but these clocks also regulate bodily functions from digestion to hormone levels to cognition. Living at odds with our internal timepieces, Till Roenneberg shows, can make us chronically sleep deprived and more likely to smoke, gain weight, feel depressed, fall ill, and fail geometry. By understanding and respecting our internal time, we can live better.Internal Time combines storytelling with accessible science tutorials to explain how our internal clocks work-for example, why morning classes are so unpopular and why "lazy" adolescents are wise to avoid them. We learn why the constant twilight of our largely indoor lives makes us dependent on alarm clocks and tired, and why social demands and work schedules lead to a social jet lag that compromises our daily functioning.Many of the factors that make us early or late "chronotypes" are beyond our control, but that doesn't make us powerless. Roenneberg recommends that the best way to sync our internal time with our external environment and feel better is to get more sunlight. Such simple steps as cycling to work and eating breakfast outside may be the tickets to a good night's sleep, better overall health, and less grouchiness in the morning.

Chronobiology. --- Biological rhythms. --- Biological clocks --- Biology --- Biorhythms --- Endogenous rhythms --- Living clocks --- Rhythms, Biological --- Chronobiology --- Cycles --- Pacemaker cells --- Biological time --- Time --- Periodicity

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With the growing importance of services and foreign direct investment in services, it is important to have a framework to analyze the impact of the liberalization of barriers to foreign direct investment in services. This paper summarizes several recent papers and builds policy-based computable general equilibrium models showing the dynamics of services, foreign direct investment and the endogenous productivity effect from services. The modeling framework shows that the liberalization of barriers against foreign direct investment in services yields welfare gains several times larger than the usual estimates from traditional computable general equilibrium models, which focus on goods trade, not foreign direct investment in services. The larger estimates are consistent with econometric evidence on the gains from services liberalization. The paper begins with a small stylized model to help understand the fundamental economics. Then it describes models developed at the request of the Russian government to assess the potential impact of Russia's accession to the WTO. Reviews of the work indicated that the modeling helped the Russian government gain public support for the WTO entry. The paper also describes a new technique that allows modelers to include tens of thousands of households in the model.

Debt Markets --- E-Business --- Economic Theory & Research --- Emerging Markets --- Endogenous productivity effects --- Foreign direct investment --- International Economics & Trade --- Markets and Market Access --- Services liberalization --- Trade and poverty --- Trade policy modeling --- WTO accession

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Stem cells --- Regeneration (Biology) --- Cellules souches --- Régénération (Biologie) --- Periodicals. --- Périodiques --- Stem Cells. --- Regeneration. --- Stem cells. --- Colony-forming units (Cells) --- Mother cells --- Progenitor cells --- Regenerative biology --- Regrowth (Biology) --- Regenerations --- Colony-Forming Unit --- Colony-Forming Units --- Mother Cells --- Progenitor Cells --- Cell, Mother --- Cell, Progenitor --- Cell, Stem --- Cells, Mother --- Cells, Progenitor --- Cells, Stem --- Colony Forming Unit --- Colony Forming Units --- Mother Cell --- Progenitor Cell --- Stem Cell --- stem cell research --- Cells --- Developmental biology --- Autotomy --- Wound healing --- Wound Healing --- Guided Tissue Regeneration --- Cell Self Renewal --- Stem Cell Research --- Endogenous Regeneration --- Regeneration, Endogenous --- Biophysics --- stem cells --- regenerative biology --- tissue regeneration --- Biology --- Human medicine

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Many families experience the challenges of caregiver depression and early childhood developmental delays. Although relationship-based services could help caregivers to deal with such issues at the family level, numerous obstacles prevent adequate screening and identification, referral, and service delivery. The Helping Families Raise Healthy Children initiative implemented in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, addressed these challenges by training and supporting both early intervention and behavioral health providers in relationship-based care. The relationship-based care approach helped providers in both systems focus on the parent-child relationship in their work with the family. The initiative also addressed some of the logistical barriers to engagement in behavioral health treatment by providing in-home behavioral health services to families in need. The lessons learned from the initiative helped shape the recommendations for implementing the type of effort outlined in this tool kit, which provides information and resources for implementing depression screening within the early intervention system, strengthening cross-system collaborations, and implementing relationship-based care in the early intervention and behavioral health systems --

Depression, Mental --- Caregivers --- Parent and child --- Crisis intervention (Mental health services) --- Community mental health services --- Children --- Child development --- Family Relations --- Mental Health Services --- Community Health Services --- Health Planning --- Professional Practice --- Mood Disorders --- Health Services --- Behavioral Disciplines and Activities --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Family --- Organization and Administration --- Mental Disorders --- Health Services Administration --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Health Care Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Health Care --- Psychology, Social --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Depressive Disorder --- Referral and Consultation --- Community Mental Health Services --- Health Plan Implementation --- Parent-Child Relations --- Psychiatry --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Psychiatric Disorders, Individual --- Psychology --- Health and hygiene --- Administration, Health Services --- Behavior Disorders --- Diagnosis, Psychiatric --- Mental Disorders, Severe --- Psychiatric Diagnosis --- Disorder, Mental --- Disorder, Severe Mental --- Disorders, Behavior --- Disorders, Mental --- Disorders, Severe Mental --- Mental Disorder --- Mental Disorder, Severe --- Severe Mental Disorder --- Severe Mental Disorders --- Administration and Organization --- Administrative Technics --- Administrative Techniques --- Coordination, Administrative --- Logistics --- Supervision --- Technics, Administrative --- Techniques, Administrative --- Administration --- Administrative Coordination --- Administrative Technic --- Administrative Technique --- Technic, Administrative --- Technique, Administrative --- Extended Family --- Family Life Cycle --- Family Research --- Filiation --- Kinship Networks --- Relatives --- Family Life Cycles --- Family Members --- Family, Reconstituted --- Stepfamily --- Extended Families --- Families --- Families, Extended --- Families, Reconstituted --- Family Member --- Family, Extended --- Kinship Network --- Life Cycle, Family --- Life Cycles, Family --- Network, Kinship --- Networks, Kinship --- Reconstituted Families --- Reconstituted Family --- Research, Family --- Stepfamilies --- Healthcare Economics and Organizations --- Services, Health --- Health Service --- Service, Health --- Affective Disorders --- Affective Disorder --- Disorder, Affective --- Disorder, Mood --- Disorders, Affective --- Disorders, Mood --- Mood Disorder --- Practice, Professional --- Practices, Professional --- Professional Practices --- PL93-641 --- Public Law 93-641 --- Health and Welfare Planning --- National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974 --- Planning, Health and Welfare --- State Health Planning, United States --- Planning, Health --- Public Law 93 641 --- Community Healthcare --- Health Services, Community --- Services, Community Health --- Community Health Care --- Care, Community Health --- Community Health Service --- Community Healthcares --- Health Care, Community --- Health Service, Community --- Healthcare, Community --- Healthcares, Community --- Service, Community Health --- Health Services, Mental --- Services, Mental Health --- Services, Mental Hygiene --- Mental Hygiene Services --- Health Service, Mental --- Hygiene Service, Mental --- Hygiene Services, Mental --- Mental Health Service --- Mental Hygiene Service --- Service, Mental Health --- Service, Mental Hygiene --- Family Dynamics --- Family Relationships --- Family Relationship --- Dynamic, Family --- Dynamics, Family --- Family Dynamic --- Family Relation --- Relation, Family --- Relations, Family --- Relationship, Family --- Relationships, Family --- Child study --- Development, Child --- Childhood --- Kids (Children) --- Pedology (Child study) --- Youngsters --- Mental health clinics --- Crisis intervention (Psychiatry) --- Emergency mental health services --- Intervention, Crisis (Mental health services) --- Child and parent --- Children and parents --- Parent-child relations --- Parents and children --- Care givers --- Carers --- Family caregivers --- Home health caregivers --- Informal caregivers --- Dejection --- Depression, Unipolar --- Depressive disorder --- Depressive psychoses --- Melancholia --- Mental depression --- Unipolar depression --- Parent Child Relationship --- Parent-Child Relationship --- Child Relationship, Parent --- Child Relationships, Parent --- Parent Child Relations --- Parent Child Relationships --- Parent-Child Relation --- Parent-Child Relationships --- Relation, Parent-Child --- Relations, Parent-Child --- Relationship, Parent Child --- Relationship, Parent-Child --- Relationships, Parent Child --- Relationships, Parent-Child --- Health Plan Implementations --- Implementation, Health Plan --- Implementations, Health Plan --- Plan Implementation, Health --- Plan Implementations, Health --- Assertive Community Treatment --- Health Services, Community Mental --- Services, Community Mental Health --- Services, Mental Health Community --- Mental Health Services, Community --- Community Treatment, Assertive --- Treatment, Assertive Community --- Consultation and Referral --- Health Service Gatekeepers --- Hospital Referrals --- Referral --- Referral, Hospital --- Referrals, Hospital --- Consultation --- Gatekeepers, Health Service --- Hospital Referral --- Second Opinion --- Consultations --- Gatekeeper, Health Service --- Health Service Gatekeeper --- Opinion, Second --- Opinions, Second --- Referrals --- Second Opinions --- Depression, Endogenous --- Depression, Neurotic --- Depressive Syndrome --- Neurosis, Depressive --- Unipolar Depression --- Depressions, Endogenous --- Depressions, Neurotic --- Depressions, Unipolar --- Depressive Disorders --- Depressive Neuroses --- Depressive Neurosis --- Depressive Syndromes --- Disorder, Depressive --- Disorders, Depressive --- Endogenous Depression --- Endogenous Depressions --- Melancholias --- Neuroses, Depressive --- Neurotic Depression --- Neurotic Depressions --- Syndrome, Depressive --- Syndromes, Depressive --- Unipolar Depressions --- Social Psychology --- Psychologies, Social --- Social Psychologies --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Healthcare Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- organization & administration --- Development --- Mentally Ill Persons --- Grandparents --- Planning Techniques --- Public Health Administration --- Social Work --- Community Health Planning --- Developmental biology --- Developmental psychobiology --- Child rearing --- Age groups --- Life cycle, Human --- Alternatives to psychiatric hospitalization --- Community health services --- Community psychiatry --- Mental health services --- Brief psychotherapy --- Psychiatric emergencies --- Children and adults --- Interpersonal relations --- Parental alienation syndrome --- Sandwich generation --- Volunteers --- Affective disorders --- Neurasthenia --- Neuroses --- Manic-depressive illness --- Melancholy --- Sadness --- Tertiary Care Centers --- Depression, Mental. --- Psychology, Perceptual --- Perceptual Psychology --- Psychiatric Diseases --- Psychiatric Disorders --- Psychiatric Illness --- Psychiatric Disease --- Psychiatric Disorder --- Psychiatric Illnesses --- Psychology. --- Bipolar disorder