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The Central Bank of Tunisia's (CBT) liquidity support contributed to rapid credit growth in Tunisia and an uptick in inflation. The Tunisian economy is expected to recover gradually. Banking sector vulnerabilities are much higher, and stress tests indicate that the banking sector may face large recapitalization needs. Improving financial intermediation efficiency, antimoney laundering, and combating the financing of terrorism is required. A comprehensive capital market reform is needed to support long-term investment. Banking sector reform should improve access to finance for individuals, and small and medium enterprises.

Finance, Public --- Banks and banking --- Agricultural banks --- Banking --- Banking industry --- Commercial banks --- Depository institutions --- Finance --- Financial institutions --- Money --- Cameralistics --- Public finance --- Public finances --- Currency question --- Banks and Banking --- Finance: General --- Industries: Financial Services --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Portfolio Choice --- Investment Decisions --- State-owned banks --- Nonperforming loans --- Liquidity --- Asset and liability management --- Loans --- Economics --- Tunisia

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Trends in bank profitability and factors affecting it are major indicators of changes in the state of health of national banking systems. This publication provides information on financial statements of banks in OECD member countries. The coverage of banks is not the same in each country, though the objective is to include all institutions that conduct ordinary banking business, namely institutions which primarily take deposits from the public at large and provide finance for a wide range of purposes. Some information on the number of reporting banks, their branches and staff is also included, as well as structural information regarding the whole financial sector. Moreover, ratios, based on various items of the financial statements of banks in percentage of some specific aggregates, are supplied to facilitate the analysis of trends in bank profitability of OECD countries.

Bank profits -- OECD countries -- Statistics -- Periodicals. --- Banks and banking -- OECD countries -- Statistics -- Periodicals. --- Banks and banking. --- Banks and banking --- Finance --- Funding --- Funds --- Agricultural banks --- Banking --- Banking industry --- Commercial banks --- Depository institutions --- Economics --- Currency question --- Financial institutions --- Money

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This paper studies the impact of bank regulation and taxation in a dynamic model with banks exposed to credit and liquidity risk. We find an inverted U-shaped relationship between capital requirements and bank lending, efficiency, and welfare, with their benefits turning into costs beyond a certain requirement threshold. By contrast, liquidity requirements reduce lending, efficiency and welfare significantly. The costs of high capital and liquidity requirements represent a lower bound on the benefits of these regulations in abating systemic risks. On taxation, corporate income taxes generate higher government revenues and entail lower efficiency and welfare costs than taxes on non-deposit liabilities. .

Banks and banking --- Bank capital --- Taxation --- Capital --- Agricultural banks --- Banking --- Banking industry --- Commercial banks --- Depository institutions --- Finance --- Financial institutions --- Money --- State supervision --- Econometric models. --- Banks and Banking --- Industries: Financial Services --- Investments: Stocks --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Bankruptcy --- Liquidation --- Pension Funds --- Non-bank Financial Institutions --- Financial Instruments --- Institutional Investors --- Financial services law & regulation --- Investment & securities --- Liquidity requirements --- Capital adequacy requirements --- Loans --- Bank regulation --- Financial regulation and supervision --- Stocks --- Asset requirements --- United States

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We consider the optimality of various institutional arrangements for agencies that conduct macro-prudential regulation and monetary policy. When a central bank is in charge of price and financial stability, a new time inconsistency problem may arise. Ex-ante, the central bank chooses the socially optimal level of inflation. Ex-post, however, the central bank chooses inflation above the social optimum to reduce the real value of private debt. This inefficient outcome arises when macro-prudential policies cannot be adjusted as frequently as monetary. Importantly, this result arises even when the central bank is politically independent. We then consider the role of political pressures in the spirit of Barro and Gordon (1983). We show that if either the macro-prudential regulator or the central bank (or both) are not politically independent, separation of price and financial stability objectives does not deliver the social optimum.

Banks and banking, Central. --- Banks and banking. --- Agricultural banks --- Banking --- Banking industry --- Commercial banks --- Depository institutions --- Banker's banks --- Banks, Central --- Central banking --- Central banks --- Finance --- Financial institutions --- Money --- Banks and banking --- Banks and Banking --- Finance: General --- Inflation --- Macroeconomics --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Optimization Techniques --- Programming Models --- Dynamic Analysis --- Macroeconomics: Consumption --- Saving --- Wealth --- Contingent Pricing --- Futures Pricing --- option pricing --- Price Level --- Deflation --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- General Financial Markets: Government Policy and Regulation --- Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General --- Monetary economics --- Price stabilization --- Financial sector stability --- Credit --- Prices --- Government policy --- Financial services industry --- Option pricing

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A detailed assessment report on the observance of China’s compliance of Basel Core Principles for effective banking supervision is presented. Regulation and supervision of China’s banking system has made impressive progress in the past few years, led by an activist, forward-looking regulator, the China Banking Regulatory Commission, with a clear safety and soundness mandate that has been supported by banks and by the State. The macroeconomic environment is characterized by rapid growth, with concerns about overheating and asset price overvaluation.

Banks and banking --- State supervision --- China --- Economic conditions --- Economic policy --- Agricultural banks --- Banking --- Banking industry --- Commercial banks --- Depository institutions --- Finance --- Financial institutions --- Money --- Banks and Banking --- Public Finance --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- General Financial Markets: Government Policy and Regulation --- Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General --- Financing Policy --- Financial Risk and Risk Management --- Capital and Ownership Structure --- Value of Firms --- Goodwill --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Banking law --- Public finance & taxation --- Financial services law & regulation --- Bank legislation --- Internal controls --- Credit risk --- Financial regulation and supervision --- Bank supervision --- Market risk --- Financial services industry --- Law and legislation --- Revenue --- Financial risk management --- China, People's Republic of