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Structural, Physical, and Chemical Properties of Fluorous Compounds, by J.A. Gladysz Selective Fluoroalkylation of Organic Compounds by Tackling the “Negative Fluorine Effect”, by W. Zhang, C. Ni and J. Hu Synthetic and Biological Applications of Fluorous Reagents as Phase Tags, by S. Fustero, J. L. Aceña and S. Catalán Chemical Applications of Fluorous Reagents and Scavengers, by Marvin S. Yu Fluorous Methods for the Synthesis of Peptides and Oligonucleotides, by B. Miriyala Fluorous Organic Hybrid Solvents for Non-Fluorous Organic Synthesis, by I. Ryu Fluorous Catalysis: From the Origin to Recent Advances, by J.-M. Vincent Fluorous Organocatalysis, by W. Zhang Thiourea Based Fluorous Organocatalyst, by C. Cai Fluoroponytailed Crown Ethers and Quaternary Ammonium Salts as Solid–Liquid Phase Transfer Catalysts in Organic Synthesis, by G. Pozzi and R. H. Fish Fluorous Hydrogenation, by X. Zhao, D. He, L. T. Mika and I. T. Horváth Fluorous Hydrosilylation, by M. Carreira and M. Contel Fluorous Hydroformylation, by X. Zhao, D. He, L.T. Mika and I. Horvath Incorporation of Fluorous Glycosides to Cell Membrane and Saccharide Chain Elongation by Cellular Enzymes, by K. Hatanaka Teflon AF Materials, by H. Zhang and S. G. Weber Ecotoxicology of Organofluorous Compounds, by M. B. Murphy, E. I. H. Loi, K. Y. Kwok and P. K. S. Lam Biology of Fluoro-Organic Compounds, by X.-J. Zhang, T.-B. Lai and R. Y.-C. Kong.

Fluorine compounds. --- Fluorine. --- Halogens --- Light elements --- Halogen compounds --- Chemistry, Organic. --- Catalysis. --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Chemistry, inorganic. --- Organic Chemistry. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Inorganic Chemistry. --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Inorganic chemistry --- Chemistry --- Inorganic compounds --- Activation (Chemistry) --- Surface chemistry --- Organic chemistry --- Organic chemistry. --- Physical chemistry. --- Inorganic chemistry. --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry

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This book shows that the strong interaction forces, which keep hadrons and nuclei together, are relativistic gravitational forces exerted between very small particles in the mass range of neutrinos. First, this book considers the motion of two or three charged particles under the influence of electrostatic and gravitational forces only, which shows that bound states are formed by following the same semi-classical methodology used by Bohr to describe the H atom. This approach is also coupled with Newton’s gravitational law and with Einstein’s special relativity. The results agree with experiments on the masses, binding energies, radii, angular momenta and magnetic moments of hadrons. The model provides the means to rationalize all the main experimental features of the strong force. Some of the implications for the unification of forces and the nature of our micro-cosmos and macro-cosmos are also discussed. The creation of mass itself, in other words, of hadrons from particles as light as neutrinos, can now be modeled in a straightforward manner.

Field theory (Physics). --- Gravitation. --- Relativity (Physics). --- Chemistry --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Physical & Theoretical Chemistry --- Atomic Physics --- Hadrons. --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Elementary particles (Physics) --- High energy physics --- Nuclear particles --- Nucleons --- Strongly interacting particles --- Chemistry. --- Physical chemistry. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Nuclear physics --- Partons --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry

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Over the past decade, numerous books have attempted to explain ions in aqueous solutions in relation to biophysical phenomena. Ions in Water and Biophysical Implications, from Chaos to Cosmos offers a physicochemical point of view of the spread of this matter and suggests innovative solutions that will challenge the biophysics research establishment. Starting with a throughout discussion of the properties of liquid water, in particular as a structured liquid with an extensive hydrogen bonded structure, the book examines water as a solvent for gases, non-electrolytes, and electrolytes and reviews the properties, sizes and thermodynamics of isolated and aqueous ions, as well as their interactions, including those of polyelectrolytes. The effects of ions on water structure, including those on solvent dynamics and certain thermodynamic quantities, are presented. This volume investigates water surfaces with its vapour, with another liquid, and with a solid, as well as the effects of solutes, including simple ions and the water-miscible non-electrolytes. Surfaces are relevant to biomolecular and colloidal systems and the book discusses briefly surfactants, micelles and vesicles. Finally, the book concludes with a review of the various biophysical implications involving chaotropic and kosmotropic ions in homogeneous solutions and the Hofmeister series for ions concerning biomolecular and colloidal systems and some aspects of protein hydration and K+/Na+ selectivity in ion channels. Ions in Water and Biophysical Implications, from Chaos to Cosmos will appeal to physical chemists, biophysicists, biochemists, as well as to all students and researchers involved in the study of aqueous solutions.

Ionic solutions. --- Ions. --- Water. --- Water --- Ionic solutions --- Chemistry --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Physical & Theoretical Chemistry --- Inorganic Chemistry --- Solutions, Ionic --- Chemistry. --- Physical chemistry. --- Biophysics. --- Biological physics. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Biophysics and Biological Physics. --- Ions --- Solution (Chemistry) --- Hydrology --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Biological and Medical Physics, Biophysics. --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Biological physics --- Biology --- Medical sciences --- Physics --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry

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If you have ever wondered how we get from the awesome impersonality of the Big Bang universe to the point where living creatures can start to form, and evolve into beings like you, your friends and your family, wonder no more. Steve Miller provides us with a tour through the chemical evolution of the universe, from the formation of the first molecules all the way to the chemicals required for life to evolve. Using a simple Hydrogen molecule – known as H-three-plus - as a guide, he takes us on a journey that starts with the birth of the first stars, and how, in dying, they pour their hearts out into enriching the universe in which we live. Our molecular guide makes its first appearance at the source of the Chemical Cosmos, at a time when only three elements and a total of 11 molecules existed. From those simple beginnings, H-three-plus guides us down river on the violent currents of exploding stars, through the streams of the Interstellar Medium, and into the delta where new stars and planets form. We are finally left on the shores of the sea of life. Along the way, we meet the key characters who have shaped our understanding of the chemistry of the universe, such as Cambridge physicist J.J. Thomson and the Chicago chemist Takeshi Oka. And we are given an insider’s view of just how astronomers, making use of telescopes and Earth-orbiting satellites, have put together our modern view of the Chemical Cosmos.

Cosmochemistry. --- Cosmochemistry --- Physics --- Astronomy & Astrophysics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Physics - General --- Theoretical Astronomy --- Astrochemistry --- Cosmic chemistry --- Space chemistry --- Physics. --- Physical chemistry. --- Planetology. --- Astronomy. --- Physics, general. --- Popular Science in Astronomy. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Chemistry --- Space sciences --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Planetary sciences --- Planetology --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry

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Advances in the Theory of Quantum Systems in Chemistry and Physics is a collection of 32 selected papers from the scientific contributions presented at the 15th International Workshop on Quantum Systems in Chemistry and Physics (QSCP-XV), held at Magdalene College, Cambridge, UK, from August 31st to September 5th, 2010. This volume discusses the state of the art, new trends, and the future of methods in molecular quantum mechanics and their applications to a wide range of problems in chemistry, physics, and biology. The breadth and depth of the scientific topics discussed during QSCP-XV are gathered in seven sections: I.          Fundamental Theory; II.         Model Atoms; III.       Atoms and Molecules with Exponential-Type Orbitals; IV.       Density-Oriented Methods; V.         Dynamics and Quantum Monte-Carlo Methodology; VI.       Structure and Reactivity; VII.      Complex Systems, Solids, Biophysics. Advances in the Theory of Quantum Systems in Chemistry and Physics is written for research students and professionals in Quantum systems of chemistry and physics. It also constitutes and invaluable guide for those wishing to familiarise themselves with research perspectives in the domain of quantum systems for thematic conversion or simply to gain insight into the methodological developments and applications to physics chemistry and biology that have actually become feasible by the end of 2010.

Chemistry, Physical and theoretical. --- Quantum theory. --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Quantum theory --- Chemistry --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Physical & Theoretical Chemistry --- Quantum chemistry. --- Chemistry, Quantum --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Chemistry. --- Physical chemistry. --- Theoretical and Computational Chemistry. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Excited state chemistry --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Physical sciences