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Clinicians, scientists, and health care professionals use biomarkers or biological markers as a measure of a person’s present health condition or response to interventions. An ideal -biomarker should have the following criteria: (I) ability to detect fundamental features of the disease, (II) ability to differentiate from other closely related diseases, (III) ability to detect early stages and stages of progression, (IV) the method should be highly reliable, easy to perform and inexpensive, and (V) sample sources should be easily accessible from body. Most of the chapters in this book follow the basic principle of biomarkers.

Biological Markers. --- Biologic markers --- Biological markers --- Biomarkers --- Markers, Biochemical --- Biochemistry --- Indicators (Biology) --- Medicine --- Diagnostics --- Clinical Pathology --- Health Sciences

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"Integrating research into freshwater biodiversity and the role of keystone species, this fascinating book presents freshwater crayfish as representatives of human-exacerbated threats to biodiversity and conservation. It uses examples from these and other large decapod invertebrates to explore how communities function and are controlled, alongside the implications of human demands and conflicts over limited resources, notably the severe impacts on biodiversity. The discussion is structured around three key topics - the present situation of crayfish in world freshwater ecosystems, the applications of science to conservation management and knowledge transfer for successful crayfish management. It outlines the historic exploitation of crayfish, addressing the problems caused by invasive alien forms and explaining the importance of correct identification when dealing with conservation issues. Offering a global perspective on freshwater systems, the book ultimately highlights how the conservation of such large and long-lived species will help protect ecosystem quality in the future"--

Crayfish --- Freshwater biodiversity conservation. --- Indicators (Biology) --- Ecology. --- Bioindicators --- Biological environmental indicators --- Biological indicators --- Ecological indicators --- Environmental indicators, Biological --- Sentinel organisms --- Ecology --- Biological monitoring --- Biological reagents --- Water quality biological assessment --- Conservation of freshwater biodiversity --- Freshwater biodiversity --- Freshwater biological diversity conservation --- Aquatic biodiversity conservation --- Crawdaddies --- Crawdads --- Crawfish --- Crawfishes --- Crayfishes --- Decapoda (Crustacea) --- Astacology --- Conservation

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This book describes both the technologies used in the discovery of melanoma biomarkers and the clinical application of these biomarkers for diagnosis and staging of disease, determination of prognosis, treatment planning, monitoring of response to therapy, identification of novel therapeutic targets and drug development. A broad range of biomarkers (DNA/chromosomal, mRNA, microRNA, mitochondrial DNA, epigenetic and protein) is outlined. As therapies for melanoma become increasingly more target specific, the identification, validation and use of biomarkers will invariably play a greater role in the management of patients with this disease. Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Melanoma is an essential resource for oncologists, dermatologists, dermatopathologists, general pathologists with an interest in melanoma, and melanoma researchers.

Biochemical markers. --- Melanoma -- Pathogenesis. --- Melanoma --- Tumor markers --- Therapeutics --- Neuroendocrine Tumors --- Drug Discovery --- Nevi and Melanomas --- Biological Markers --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Chemistry, Pharmaceutical --- Neuroectodermal Tumors --- Biological Factors --- Investigative Techniques --- Neoplasms by Histologic Type --- Pharmacology --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Neoplasms, Nerve Tissue --- Neoplasms --- Chemistry --- Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal --- Diseases --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Drug Design --- Drug Therapy --- Tumor Markers, Biological --- Drug Delivery Systems --- Diagnosis --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Oncology --- Pathology --- Diagnostic use --- Treatment. --- Biologic markers --- Biological markers --- Biomarkers --- Markers, Biochemical --- Malignant melanoma --- Melanocytic tumor --- Medicine. --- Dermatology. --- Oncology. --- Pathology. --- Medicine & Public Health. --- Biochemistry --- Indicators (Biology) --- Cancer --- Neuroendocrine tumors --- Oncology  . --- Skin --- Tumors --- Disease (Pathology) --- Medical sciences --- Medicine, Preventive

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Data Mining for Biomarker Discovery is designed to motivate collaboration and discussion among various disciplines and will be of interest to students and researchers in engineering, computer science, applied mathematics, medicine, and anyone interested in the interdisciplinary application of data mining techniques. Biomarker discovery is an important area of biomedical research that can lead to significant breakthroughs in disease analysis and targeted therapy. Moreover, the discovery and management of new biomarkers is a challenging and attractive problem in the emerging field of biomedical informatics. This volume is a collection of  state-of-the-art research from select participants of the “International Conference on Biomedical Data and Knowledge Mining: Towards Biomarker Discovery,” held July 7-9, 2010 in Chania, Greece. Contributions focus on biomarker data integration, information retrieval methods, and statistical machine learning techniques, all presented with new results, models, and algorithms.

Biochemical engineering. --- Biochemical markers -- Research -- Data processing. --- Data mining. --- Mathematics. --- Medical records -- Data processing. --- Information Storage and Retrieval --- Medical Informatics Applications --- Information Science --- Medical Informatics --- Data Mining --- Medicine --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Medical Research --- Operations Research --- Biochemical markers. --- Biologic markers --- Biological markers --- Biomarkers --- Markers, Biochemical --- Algorithmic knowledge discovery --- Factual data analysis --- KDD (Information retrieval) --- Knowledge discovery in data --- Knowledge discovery in databases --- Mining, Data --- Health informatics. --- Operations research. --- Management science. --- Operations Research, Management Science. --- Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. --- Health Informatics. --- Biochemical Engineering. --- Database searching --- Biochemistry --- Indicators (Biology) --- Medical records --- Data processing. --- Bio-process engineering --- Bioprocess engineering --- Biotechnology --- Chemical engineering --- EHR systems --- EHR technology --- EHRs (Electronic health records) --- Electronic health records --- Electronic medical records --- EMR systems --- EMRs (Electronic medical records) --- Information storage and retrieval systems --- Medical care --- Clinical informatics --- Health informatics --- Medical information science --- Information science --- Quantitative business analysis --- Management --- Problem solving --- Operations research --- Statistical decision --- Operational analysis --- Operational research --- Industrial engineering --- Management science --- Research --- System theory --- Data processing