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This book advocates a fresh approach to planning that anticipates, rather than reacts to, the changes in climate currently in process. Today’s spatial planning procedures rely on historical evidence instead of preparing for factors that by definition lie in the future, yet which are relatively uncontroversial: shortages of water, sea level rise and rises in average temperatures being but three examples. Arguing for more flexibility, the contributors view ‘complexity’ as the key to transforming the way we plan in order to better equip us to face uncertainties about our future environment. With chapters on complexity, network theory and transformation featuring prominently, contributors show how anticipatory planning protocols give us the capability to deal with sudden changes, in the same way that a swarm of bees adapts collectively to shifting environmental imperatives. The new approach is thus called ‘swarm planning’, and in addition to delineating this new theory, this volume provides many examples from the Netherlands and elsewhere that illustrate its practical application.

Climatic changes. --- Coastal zone management. --- Social planning. --- Social prediction. --- City planning --- Ecological landscape design --- Climatic changes --- Sociology & Social History --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Social Sciences --- Communities - Urban Groups --- Meteorology & Climatology --- Environmental aspects --- Global warming. --- Changes, Climatic --- Climate change --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Global warming --- Warming, Global --- Geography. --- Climate change. --- Regional planning. --- Urban planning. --- Landscape architecture. --- Human geography. --- Landscape/Regional and Urban Planning. --- Climate Change Management and Policy. --- Landscape Architecture. --- Human Geography. --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Global temperature changes --- Greenhouse effect, Atmospheric --- Changes in climate --- Climate change science --- Architecture. --- Anthropo-geography --- Anthropogeography --- Geographical distribution of humans --- Social geography --- Anthropology --- Geography --- Human ecology --- Architecture, Western (Western countries) --- Building design --- Buildings --- Construction --- Western architecture (Western countries) --- Art --- Building --- Regional development --- Regional planning --- State planning --- Human settlements --- Land use --- Planning --- Landscape protection --- Design and construction --- Government policy --- Cities and towns --- Civic planning --- Land use, Urban --- Model cities --- Redevelopment, Urban --- Slum clearance --- Town planning --- Urban design --- Urban development --- Urban planning --- Art, Municipal --- Civic improvement --- Urban policy --- Urban renewal --- Horticultural service industry --- Landscape gardening --- Landscaping industry --- Management --- Global environmental change