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The gall forming root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., are an important threat to agriculture worldwide and the restriction of nematicides serves as an incentive for research on other management options. Within an integrated and more sustainable nematode management approach, the use of biocontrol organisms like arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) seems to be a promising alternative. AMF are obligate root symbionts of the majority of plants, including most agricultural crops. In exchange for photosynthetic carbon from their host, they can not only improve plant growth through an increased nutrient uptake but also alleviate plant stress caused by abiotic and biotic factors, in addition to providing other ecosystem services such as improvement of soil structure. The potential of AMF to suppress nematode infection has been investigated but their actual use as biological control agents is still limited. A better insight into the biocontrol modes of action could help to fine-tune the efficacy of these biocontrol organisms but can also lead to new insights in plant defense mechanisms against nematodes that can be integrated otherwise in nematode management, for example in the selection or breeding of resistant cultivars. The presented study focuses on the three-way interaction between the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae in tomato.