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Despite significant progress in molecular epigenetic research and its enormous potential, there are still considerable challenges to overcome before we can fully understand the role of epigenetic processes in brain function and behavior. For instance, what comprises a ˜normal' brain epigenome and what is the degree of region- and cellular-specificity of epigenetic landscapes in the brain? How do the multiple layers of epigenetic information interact and change over time? How common is meiotic epigenetic heritability and what role it may play in complex psychiatric disease? To what extent is the epigenome plastic and malleable in response to environmental influences? This volume demonstrates that such questions can now be explored in an experimental molecular biology laboratory. While the community is only just starting to acknowledge the importance of epigenetic processes in the brain, there is no doubt that numerous breakthrough discoveries in brain and behavioral epigenetics will be made in the decades to come.

Human genetics --- Psychiatry --- medische genetica --- psychiatrie --- genetica

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The advances in our understanding of genetics has exploded since the publication of the first edition of Inherited Cancer Syndromes. We've moved from an incomplete understanding of the human genome to the availability of over-the-counter DNA analysis kits. There is simply too much complicated, high-level science for a busy clinician to meaningfully absorb without a filter. Inherited Cancer Syndromes is designed to bridge that gap. With this new edition, the clinical content has been expanded and clarified in order to be more tightly focused on the real-world implications of emerging therapies. The chapter authors are among the leading experts in these topics. Naturally, this book is not meant to be an exhaustive how to  textbook or procedure-heavy monograph, but a clinically relevant overview of this dynamic and difficult aspect of cancer patient care. The chapters on syndromes are divided by type of cancer, and each includes discussions of risk assessment, indications for genetic testing, interpretation of test results, and integration into clinical management of risk estimates and results of genetic testing. The chapter on breast cancer also provides an insightful discussion of surrogate end-point markers. Each syndrome of susceptibility to polyposis and nonpolyposis colon cancer is described, with algorithms as to when genetic testing is indicated. Guidelines for prevention and management follow. ¦ This book provides the knowledge base needed for most physicians to incorporate the principles of inherited susceptibility to cancer and genetic testing properly into their practices. It is highly recommended, since many physicians and health care workers have not been trained in this area, which has become an established part of clinical medicine.  Book Review, New England Journal of Medicine Volume 351:2137-2138 November 11, 2004 Number 20

Oncology. Neoplasms --- Human genetics --- Surgery --- medische genetica --- genetica --- oncologie --- chirurgie

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Oncology. Neoplasms --- Human genetics --- Surgery --- medische genetica --- genetica --- oncologie --- chirurgie

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Obesity obeys the First Law of Thermodynamics. The routine assumption is that obesity is the result of a mismatch between calories in and calories out; in other words, the result of two divergent behaviors. However, there is mounting evidence that biochemical forces can drive obligate weight gain, and that the observed behaviors of increased energy intake and decreased energy expenditure are secondary to these processes. Furthermore, many of these biochemical forces are determined in utero; resulting in a developmental drive toward obesity and disease in later life. Four distinct prenatal forces have thus far been identified: 1) genetics; 2) epigenetics; 3) developmental programming; and 4) environmental obesogens. This volume explores the evidence for each of these in detail in human and animal models, and attempts to provide a cohesive analysis of the biochemical bases of obesity. This volume will appeal to geneticists, developmental biologists, endocrinologists, epidemiologists, toxicologists, obstetrician/gynecologists, nutritionists, veterinary scientists, animal husbandry researchers, domestic species researchers, and obesity researchers and practitioners. "This very timely volume provides an in-depth scholarly overview of a critical challenge facing our society the obesity epidemic. Dr. Robert H. Lustig has assembled expert authors to address the fundamental contribution of preprogrammed genetic disorders leading to obesity, as well as the role of very early environmental influences. The chapters range from classic genetic mechanistic understanding through intra-uterine epigenetic influences, factors determining developmental programming, and the new clinical science of perinatal obesogens. Obesity Before Birth: Maternal and prenatal influences on the offspring, brings easily accessible, cutting edge information to geneticists, pediatricians, endocrinologists, as well as those clinicians and scientists pursuing the complex yet elusive causes of childhood obesity and related disorders." - Shlomo Melmed, M.D. Series Editor

Human genetics --- Pathological endocrinology --- Food science and technology --- obesitas --- medische genetica --- endocrinologie --- genetica --- voedingsleer

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Over the past decades, insertional mutagenesis has played an important contribution to our understanding of cancer. Initially, the action of slow transforming retroviruses was used to identify endogenous cellular oncogenes (e.g. Myc, Myb). These observations sparked a series of experiments that eventually led to the idea cancer is caused by somatically acquired mutations in endogenous oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Since these discoveries, insertional mutagenesis has been used to identify novel cancer genes in a variety of tumor types in animal models of cancer. More recent work has developed novel insertional mutagens, such as transposons, that have broader capabilities to model cancer in vivo. While this work has focused on developing animal models of cancer, recent gene therapy trials in human patients have shown that insertional mutagenesis can also contribute to transformation. The goal of this work is summarize the contribution that insertional mutagenesis has made to our understanding of cancer. A variety of insertional mutagens are presented that have been used to study a variety of tumor types in several model organisms. In addition, the impact of insertional mutagenesis in several gene therapy trials is discussed along with strategies to avoid such complications in future clinical trials.

Pharmacology. Therapy --- Oncology. Neoplasms --- Human genetics --- mutageniteit --- medische genetica --- farmacologie --- genetica --- toxicologie --- oncologie