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Soil is the Earth’s living skin. It provides anchorage for roots, holds water long enough for plants to make use of it and the nutrients that sustain life – otherwise the Earth would be as barren as Mars. It is home to myriad micro-organisms and armies of microscopic animals as well as the familiar earthworm that accomplish biochemical transformations from fixing atmospheric nitrogen to recycling wastes; it receives and process all fresh water, provides the foundations for our built environment; and comprises the biggest global carbon store that we know how to manage. This book is about the best soil in the world - the black earth or chernozem: how it is being degraded by farming and how it may be farmed sustainably. Industrialisation of farming has laid bare contradictions between the unforgiving laws of ecology and economics. Soil organic matter is the fuel that powers soil systems and the cement that holds the soil together – and in place – but agriculture is burning it up faster than it is being formed: even the chernozem cannot long survive this treatment. Here is the evidence for this trend and, based on long-term field experiments, ecological principles for sustainable agriculture that can reverse the trend and, at the same time, feed the world. Unlike other volumes in the series, this is not an edited collection of scientific papers. The authors have chosen the classical monograph to be near to the reader from beginning to end - to convey their anxiety about the state of the land and their optimism about the possibility of retrieving the situation by changing the social and political approach to the land so as to provide the necessary incentives for sustainable land use and management. About the authors Igori Krupenikov is soil scientist, Emeritus Professor, honoured member of the Moldovan Academy of Sciences and State Laureate, working at the Nicolai Dimo Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry in Chisinau. Boris Boincean is agronomist, long-time Director and continuing Head of the Department of Sustainable Farming Systems of the Selectia Research Institute for Field Crops and also Professor at the Aleco Russo State University at Balti, in Moldova. David Dent is former Director of ISRIC - World Soil Information in Wageningen, awarded the Australian Centenary Medallion for scientific leadership of the National Action Plan for Salinity and Water Quality, and long-time teacher and researcher at the School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia.

Soil management. --- Soils -- History. --- Soils. --- Geology --- Geography --- Agriculture --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Agriculture - General --- Physical Geography --- Geology - General --- Chernozem soils. --- Sustainable agriculture. --- Low-input agriculture --- Low-input sustainable agriculture --- Lower input agriculture --- Resource-efficient agriculture --- Sustainable farming --- Black earth --- Earth sciences. --- Earth Sciences. --- Earth Sciences, general. --- Geosciences --- Environmental sciences --- Physical sciences --- Alternative agriculture --- Soils --- Geography. --- Cosmography --- Earth sciences --- World history

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The authors document the definition of and issues associated with the 'social licence to farm'.

Sustainable agriculture. --- Agriculture --- Agriculture and state. --- Agrarian question --- Agricultural policy --- State and agriculture --- Economic policy --- Land reform --- Sociology, Rural --- Environmental protection --- Low-input agriculture --- Low-input sustainable agriculture --- Lower input agriculture --- Resource-efficient agriculture --- Sustainable farming --- Alternative agriculture --- Environmental aspects. --- Social aspects. --- Government policy --- Agriculture Environmental aspects. --- Agriculture Social aspects.

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Irrigated agriculture, a vital component of general agriculture, supplies fruits, vegetables, and cereals consumed by humans and grains fed to animals. Consequently, agriculture is the largest user of fresh water globally, and irrigation practices in many parts of the world are biologically, economically, and socially unsustainable. Water management should balance the need for agricultural water and the need for a sustainable environment. Water-use efficiency is the prime challenge in worldwide farming practices where problems of water shortages are widespread. Currently, agriculture is undergoing significant changes in innovative irrigation, fertilizer technology, and agronomic expertise. These elements constitute a vital platform for sustainable agricultural success and for preventing environmental damage. This review presents several processes linked to environmental irrigation, balancing environmental protection with improved agricultural production.

Hill farming. --- Irrigation -- Management. --- Irrigation farming. --- Agriculture --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Agriculture - General --- Sustainable agriculture. --- Water in agriculture. --- Low-input agriculture --- Low-input sustainable agriculture --- Lower input agriculture --- Resource-efficient agriculture --- Sustainable farming --- Life sciences. --- Water-supply. --- Agriculture. --- Life Sciences. --- Water Industry/Water Technologies. --- Water-supply, Agricultural --- Water-supply, Rural --- Alternative agriculture --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Availability, Water --- Water availability --- Water resources --- Natural resources --- Public utilities --- Water resources development --- Water utilities

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Food security --- Agricultural systems --- Agricultural productivity --- Sustainable agriculture --- Poor --- Economically Disadvantaged. --- Geographic information systems --- Northeastern States. --- Disadvantaged, Economically --- Economically disadvantaged --- Impoverished people --- Low-income people --- Pauperism --- Poor, The --- Poor people --- Persons --- Social classes --- Poverty --- Low-input agriculture --- Low-input sustainable agriculture --- Lower input agriculture --- Resource-efficient agriculture --- Sustainable farming --- Agriculture --- Alternative agriculture --- Productivity, Agricultural --- Farm management --- Farming systems --- Systems, Agricultural --- Systems, Farming --- Agricultural geography --- Food deserts --- Food insecurity --- Insecurity, Food --- Security, Food --- Human security --- Food supply --- Economic conditions --- Economic aspects --- Northeast --- Northeastern United States

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Due to many challenges (i.e. climate change, energy, water and land shortage, high demands on food, land grabbing, etc.), agriculture production potential is expected to be seriously affected; thus, increasing food insecurity and hunger in many already affected regions (especially in Africa).  In this context, sustainable agriculture is highly recommended as an eco-system approach where soil, water, plants, environment and living organisms live in harmony.  Innovative technologies and research should be developed to ensure sustainable agriculture and productivity using modern irrigation systems, improved varieties, improved soil quality, etc.   In the meantime, the preservation of natural environment should be based on resource conservation technologies and best management practices.   Sustainable Agricultural Development, not only raises the serious ethical and social issues underlying these huge environmental problems, but also aims at presenting successful experiences from all over the world in relation with sustainable farming, sustainable management of water and land resources, and innovative processes in livestock production.  It also aims at providing inputs to decision making processes and encouraging the transfer of relevant know-how, technologies and expertise to different countries where similar agro-climatic conditions may exist; thus saving precious resources and promoting sustainable agricultural development as a relevant approach to tackle the food security challenge.   Finally, this book focuses on the paradigmatic and policy dimensions and call for an innovative approach by analyzing the key themes in a complex and interrelated manner.

Rural development -- India -- Himachal Pradesh. --- Sustainable agriculture -- India -- Himachal Pradesh. --- Sustainable development -- India -- Himachal Pradesh. --- Sustainable agriculture --- Agricultural development projects --- Agriculture --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Agriculture - General --- Sustainable agriculture. --- Environmental aspects. --- Low-input agriculture --- Low-input sustainable agriculture --- Lower input agriculture --- Resource-efficient agriculture --- Sustainable farming --- Life sciences. --- Agriculture. --- Animal ecology. --- Environmental management. --- Soil science. --- Soil conservation. --- Sustainable development. --- Life Sciences. --- Sustainable Development. --- Environmental Management. --- Soil Science & Conservation. --- Animal Ecology. --- Environmental protection --- Alternative agriculture --- Animals --- Zoology --- Ecology --- Conservation of soil --- Erosion control, Soil --- Soil erosion --- Soil erosion control --- Soils --- Agricultural conservation --- Soil management --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Development, Sustainable --- Ecologically sustainable development --- Economic development, Sustainable --- Economic sustainability --- ESD (Ecologically sustainable development) --- Smart growth --- Sustainable development --- Sustainable economic development --- Economic development --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Control --- Prevention --- Conservation --- Environmental aspects --- Pedology (Soil science) --- Earth sciences