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Le besoin de sécurité règne sans partage. Dans le contexte post-11 septembre 2001 marqué par la permanence de la menace terroriste, il se traduit par un emballement sécuritaire au combien préoccupant. La consolidation permanente de l'arsenal policier contraste fortement avec la tradition libérale de notre droit selon laquelle « la liberté est la règle, la restriction de police l'exception ». En ancrant au coeur de la politique publique de sécurité intérieure l'existence d'un « droit fondamental à la sécurité », le législateur semble même avoir renversé le principe et l'exception. C'est en observant ce glissement sécuritaire qu'apparaît l'opportunité de mettre en exergue les mécanismes qui régissent les rapports entre la Constitution et la sécurité intérieure. Par une entreprise inédite de modélisation juridique, cette thèse offre une « grille de lecture » qui, pour tout dispositif policier (vidéoprotection, relevé ou contrôle et vérification d'identité, garde à vue, sonorisation de lieux ou de véhicules, etc.), indique les limites constitutionnelles d'ordre substantiel à observer. Son principal intérêt réside dans sa fonction prédictive : elle constitue un atout essentiel pour qui cherche à étudier, à élaborer ou à contrôler une mesure de police. Assis essentiellement sur une analyse minutieuse de la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel, cet essai de modélisation des rapports Constitution et sécurité intérieure se présente comme un acquis indispensable pour la résolution des conflits entre les droits et libertés fondamentaux et l'ensemble des dispositifs policiers.
National security --- Civil rights --- Constitutional law --- Sécurité nationale --- Droits de l'homme --- Droit constitutionnel --- Police --- Law enforcement --- Internal security --- Terrorism --- Prevention --- Law and legislation --- Sécurité nationale --- Police - France --- Law enforcement - France --- Internal security - France --- Terrorism - Prevention - Law and legislation - France --- Civil rights - France --- France --- Police administrative --- Constitutions --- Proportionnalité (droit) --- Sûreté de l'Etat --- Ordre public --- Pouvoirs --- Droits de l'homme -- France --- Ordre public -- France
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Making use of archival documents, period newspapers, and oral interviews, 'African Police and Soldiers in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1923-80' examines the ambiguous experience of black security personnel, police, and soldiers in white-ruled Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) from 1923 through independence and majority rule in 1980. Across the continent, European colonial rule could not have been maintained without African participation in the police and army. In Southern Rhodesia, lack of white manpower meant that despite fear of mutiny, blacks played an increasingly prominent role in law enforcement and military operations and from World War II constituted a strong majority within the regular security forces. Despite danger, Africans volunteered for the police and army during colonial rule for a variety of reasons, including the prestige of wearing a uniform, the possibility of excitement, family traditions, material considerations, and patriotism. As black police and soldiers were called upon to perform more specialized tasks, they acquired greater education and some - particularly African police - became part of the emerging westernized African middle class. After retirement, career African police and soldiers often continued to work in the security field, some becoming prominent entrepreneurs or commercial farmers, and generally composed a conservative, loyalist element in African society that the government eventually mobilized to counter the growth of African nationalism. Tim Stapleton here mines rich archival sources to clarify the complicated dynamic and legacy of black military personal who served during colonial rule in present-day Zimbabwe. Timothy Stapleton is Professor of history at Trent University in Ontario.
Police, Black --- Soldiers, Black --- Internal security --- Policiers noirs --- Militaires noirs --- Sûreté de l'Etat --- History --- Social conditions --- Histoire --- Conditions sociales --- British South Africa Police --- Zimbabwe --- Great Britain --- Grande-Bretagne --- History, Military --- Colonies --- Administration. --- Histoire militaire --- Administration --- #SBIB:39A73 --- #SBIB:39A11 --- #SBIB:35H141 --- Security, Internal --- Insurgency --- Subversive activities --- Black soldiers --- Negro soldiers --- Negroes as soldiers --- Blacks --- Black police --- Negro policemen --- Social conditions. --- Etnografie: Afrika --- Antropologie : socio-politieke structuren en relaties --- Bijzondere korpsen: politie en rijkswacht --- BSAP --- Zimbabwe Republic Police --- History. --- Sûreté de l'Etat --- An tSiombáib --- Cimbabue --- Dēmokratia tēs Zimpampoue --- Government of Zimbabwe --- GOZ (Zimbabwe) --- Jinbabue --- Poblachd Shiombabue --- Repubblica dello Zimbabwe --- Republic of Zimbabwe --- República de Zimbabue --- Republika Zimbabve --- Simbabve --- Simbabwe --- Siombabue --- Yn Çhimbabwe --- Zimbabhue --- Zimbabua --- Zimbabue --- Zimbabvah --- Zimbabve --- Zimbabṿeh --- Zimbabves Republika --- Zīmbābvih --- Zimbabvo --- Zimbabweh --- Zimpampoue --- Ζιμπάμπουε --- Δημοκρατία της Ζιμπάμπουε --- Република Зимбабве --- Зимбабуе --- Зимбабве --- Зімбабве --- זימבבואה --- זימבבווה --- زيمبابوه --- ジンバブエ --- Southern Rhodesia --- Black people --- African participation. --- Army. --- Black security force personnel. --- Colonial Southern Rhodesia. --- Independence. --- Industrial disputes. --- Majority rule. --- Police.
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