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Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are promising targets for pharmacological intervention. Multiple PDE genes, isoform diversity, selective expression and compartmentation of the isoforms, and an array of conformations of PDE proteins are properties that challenge development of drugs that selectively target this class of enzymes. Novel characteristics of PDEs are viewed as unique opportunities to increase specificity and selectivity when designing novel compounds for certain therapeutic indications. This chapter provides a summary of the major concepts related to the design and use of PDE inhibitors.

Chemical structure --- cytologie --- Clinical chemistry --- biochemie --- Histology. Cytology --- moleculaire structuur --- General biochemistry --- biosynthese --- genetische manipulatie --- massaspectrometrie --- toxicologie --- polypeptiden --- aminozuren --- eiwitten --- Pharmacology. Therapy --- medische chemie --- Organic spectroscopy --- Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases. --- Drug targeting. --- Toxicology. --- Biochemistry. --- Enzymes. --- Post-translational modification . --- Cell physiology. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Medicinal Chemistry. --- Protein Structure. --- Enzymology. --- Posttranslational Modification. --- Cell Physiology. --- Cell function --- Cytology --- Physiology --- Co-translational modification --- Cotranslational modification --- Modification, Post-translational --- Post-translation protein modification --- Post-translational protein modification --- Posttranslation protein modification --- Posttranslational modification --- Posttranslational protein modification --- Genetic translation --- Proteins --- Biocatalysts --- Ferments --- Soluble ferments --- Catalysts --- Enzymology --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Chemicals --- Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Synthesis --- Composition --- Toxicology --- Pharmacology. --- Medicinal chemistry. --- Proteins . --- Posttranslational modification. --- Biochemistry --- Enzymes --- Proteids --- Biomolecules --- Polypeptides --- Proteomics --- Chemistry, Medical and pharmaceutical --- Chemistry, Pharmaceutical --- Drug chemistry --- Drugs --- Medical chemistry --- Medicinal chemistry --- Pharmacochemistry --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Chemotherapy --- Pharmacy --- Physiological effect --- Phosphodiesterases. --- Analysis.

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Post-translational modifications serve many different purposes in a wide variety of cellular processes,such as protein synthesis, folding, stability, the housing of prosthetic groups, vesicular trafficking,protein targeting to particular cell stores, exocytosis and endocytosis, the biogenesis of cell organelles and basal lamina. Signal transduction, with functional effects for enzyme regulation and metabolic control on the one hand, and gene expression, cell division, differentiation and apoptosis on the other, is also prominent. Post-translational Modifications in Health and Disease provides the reader with nineteen reviews that stimulate further investigations in the proteomic field - focusing on functional and pathological aspects of protein prenylation, the incorporation of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) moieties, oxidation, nitrosylation, glycosylation, and phosphorylation and dephosphorylation - with emphasis on their outcome for protein-protein interaction phenomena and down-stream effects. Additional chapters are devoted to protein ubiquitination, sumoylation and endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), the influence of histone modification on gene expression and DNA repair, and proteolytic processing of intracellular and basal lamina proteins. This book will be of particular significance to researchers, clinicians, and students of biology, pharmacy and medicine.

Post-translational modification. --- Post-translational modification --- Protein Modification, Translational --- Biochemical Processes --- Cell Physiological Phenomena --- Gene Expression Regulation --- Biochemical Phenomena --- Protein Biosynthesis --- Chemical Processes --- Phenomena and Processes --- Protein Processing, Post-Translational --- Signal Transduction --- Cell Physiological Processes --- Peptide Biosynthesis --- Chemical Phenomena --- Genetic Processes --- Metabolism --- Genetic Phenomena --- Metabolic Phenomena --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Cytology --- Biochemistry --- Biology - General --- Co-translational modification --- Cotranslational modification --- Modification, Post-translational --- Post-translation protein modification --- Post-translational protein modification --- Posttranslation protein modification --- Posttranslational modification --- Posttranslational protein modification --- Life sciences. --- Medical biochemistry. --- Biochemistry. --- Cell biology. --- Life Sciences. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Animal Biochemistry. --- Medical Biochemistry. --- Cell Biology. --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Medical biochemistry --- Pathobiochemistry --- Pathological biochemistry --- Pathology --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science --- Composition --- Genetic translation --- Proteins --- Synthesis --- Cytology.