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The highly successful AMN conference series is the flagship of the New Zealand MacDiarmid Institute; a virtual centre of research excellence named after New Zealand's 3rd Nobel Laureate, Professor Alan MacDiarmid. The conference offers a broad interdisciplinary overview of advanced materials and nanotechnology, and provides an exciting forum within which to discuss new and exciting advances in the field. The 55 peer-reviewed papers cover topics that are related to nanotechnology, advanced materials, nanoelectronics, superconductors, spintronics, nanoparticles, microfluidics, advanced sensors,
Nanotechnology --- Materials science --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Materials Science
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Tissue engineering research for bone and joint applications entails multidisciplinary teams bringing together the needed expertise in anatomy, biology, biochemistry, pathophysiology, materials science, biomechanics, fluidics, and clinical and veterinary orthopedics. It is the goal of this volume to provide students and investigators who are entering this exciting area with an understanding of the biologic foundations necessary to appreciate the problems in bone and cartilage that may benefit from innovative tissue engineering approaches. This volume includes state-of-the-art information about bone and cartilage physiology at the levels of cell and molecular biology, tissue structure, developmental processes, their metabolic and structural functions, responses to injury, mechanisms of post-natal healing and graft incorporation, the many congenital and acquired disorders, effects of aging, and current clinical standards of care. It reviews the strengths and limitations of various experimental animal models, sources of cells, composition and design of scaffolds, activities of growth factors and genes to enhance histogenesis, and the need for new materials in the context of cell-based and cell-free tissue engineering. These building blocks constitute the dynamic environments in which innovative approaches are needed for addressing debilitating disorders of the skeleton. It is likely that a single tactic will not be sufficient for different applications because of variations in the systemic and local environments. The realizations that tissue regeneration is complex and dynamic underscore the continuing need for innovative multidisciplinary investigations, with an eye to simple and safe therapies for disabled patients. Table of Contents: Introduction / Structure and Function of Bone and Cartilage Tissue / Development / Responses to Injury and Grafting / Clinical Applications for Skeletal Tissue Engineering / Animal Models / Tissue Engineering Principles for Bone and Cartilage / Perspectives.
Biophysics. --- Materials science. --- Materials. --- Biomedical engineering. --- Materials Science. --- Materials Engineering. --- Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering.
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The book contains research results obtained by applying Bejan's Constructal Theory to the study and therefore the optimization of fins, focusing on T-shaped and Y-shaped ones. Heat transfer from finned surfaces is an example of combined heat transfer natural or forced convection on the external parts of the fin, and conducting along the fin. Fin's heat exchange is rather complex, because of variation of both temperature along the fin and convective heat transfer coefficient. Furthermore possible presence of more fins invested by the same fluid flow has to be considered. Classical fin theory tried to reduce the coupled heat transfer problem to a one-dimensional problem by defining an average temperature of the fin and writing equations using this parameter. However, it was shown that this approach cannot be used because of the effects of two-dimensional heat transfer, especially in the presence of short fins. CFD codes offer the possibility to consider bi-dimensional (and more generally, three-dimensional) effects and then a more real approach to the physic phenomena of finned surface's heat exchange. A commercial CFD code was used to analyse the case of heat exchange in presence of T-shaped fins, following an approach suggested by Bejan's Constructal Theory. The comparative results showed a significant agreement with previous research taken as a reference, and this result allows for the application of this approach to a wider range of systems. T-shaped optimized fin geometry is the starting point for further research. Starting from the optimal results (T-shape optimized fins), we show the trend of the assessment parameter (the dimensionless conductance) in function of the angle a between the two horizontal arms of the fin. A value for a, 90° < a < 180° capable of a higher value of the dimensionless conductance, has not been found. The thermal efficiency showed a significant increase of this parameter, especially for values of a smaller than 100°. Thus, a new definition of optimisation is achieved by introducing the fundamental ""space factor."" The present work unifies the ""classic"" definitions of optimisation and efficiency in a new general performance criterion, opening a new perspective on multi-fin systems. The last chapter deals with a brief overview on Bejan's Constructal Theory. It explains either tree-shape natural flows or other geometric form in nature and engineering, applying the principle of performance maximization. The Constructal principle also recognizes that a new good form comes to another previous good form which serve the same objective and have the same constraints. Changes in configuration are dynamic, thus a time arrow is then associated to the evolution in system's configuration. Table of Contents: General Introduction / General Overview on Heat Transfer / Conservation Equations / Dimensionless group / Units and conversion factors / Overview of heat transfer on extended surfaces / State of the art in the T-Shaped Fins / Thermal exchange basis / T-Shaped fins / Y-Shaped fins / Modular systems of Y-Shaped fins / Heat removal vs Pressure drops / Conclusions.
Engineering design. --- Materials. --- Professional education. --- Vocational education. --- Engineering Design. --- Materials Engineering. --- Professional and Vocational Education.
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Geometric programming is used for design and cost optimization, the development of generalized design relationships, cost ratios for specific problems, and profit maximization. The early pioneers of the process - Zener, Duffin, Peterson, Beightler, Wilde, and Phillips -- played important roles in the development of geometric programming. There are three major areas: 1) Introduction, History, and Theoretical Fundamentals, 2) Applications with Zero Degrees of Difficulty, and 3) Applications with Positive Degrees of Difficulty. The primal-dual relationships are used to illustrate how to determine the primal variables from the dual solution and how to determine additional dual equations when the degrees of difficulty are positive. A new technique for determining additional equations for the dual, Dimensional Analysis, is demonstrated. The various solution techniques of the constrained derivative approach, the condensation of terms, and dimensional analysis are illustrated with example problems. The goal of this work is to have readers develop more case studies to further the application of this exciting tool. Table of Contents: Introduction / Brief History of Geometric Programming / Theoretical Considerations / The Optimal Box Design Case Study / Trash Can Case Study / The Open Cargo Shipping Box Case Study / Metal Casting Cylindrical Riser Case Study / Inventory Model Case Study / Process Furnace Design Case Study / Gas Transmission Pipeline Case Study / Profit Maximization Case Study / Material Removal/Metal Cutting Economics Case Study / Journal Bearing Design Case Study / Metal Casting Hemispherical Top Cylindrical Side Riser\Case Study / Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Cylinders Case Study / Material Removal/Metal Cutting Economics with Two Constraints / The Open Cargo Shipping Box with Skids / Profit Maximization Considering Decreasing Cost Functions of Inventory Policy / Summary and Future Directions / Thesis and Dissertations on Geometric Programming.
Engineering design. --- Materials. --- Professional education. --- Vocational education. --- Engineering Design. --- Materials Engineering. --- Professional and Vocational Education.
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In recent years, the life sciences have embraced simulation as an important tool in biomedical research. Engineers are also using simulation as a powerful step in the design process. In both arenas, Matlab has become the gold standard. It is easy to learn, flexible, and has a large and growing userbase. MATLAB for Engineering and the Life Sciences is a self-guided tour of the basic functionality of MATLAB along with the functions that are most commonly used in biomedical engineering and other life sciences. Although the text is written for undergraduates, graduate students and academics, those in industry may also find value in learning MATLAB through biologically inspired examples. For instructors, the book is intended to take the emphasis off of learning syntax so that the course can focus more on algorithmic thinking. Although it is not assumed that the reader has taken differential equations or a linear algebra class, there are short introductions to many of these concepts. Following a short history of computing, the MATLAB environment is introduced. Next, vectors and matrices are discussed, followed by matrix-vector operations. The core programming elements of MATLAB are introduced in three successive chapters on scripts, loops, and conditional logic. The last three chapters outline how to manage the input and output of data, create professional quality graphics and find and use Matlab toolboxes. Throughout, biomedical examples are used to illustrate MATLAB's capabilities. Table of Contents: Introduction / Matlab Programming Environment / Vectors / Matrices / Matrix -- Vector Operations / Scripts and Functions / Loops / Conditional Logic / Data In, Data Out / Graphics / Toolboxes.
Engineering design. --- Materials. --- Professional education. --- Vocational education. --- Engineering Design. --- Materials Engineering. --- Professional and Vocational Education.
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This book provides an overview of systems engineering, its important elements, and aspects of management that will lead in the direction of building systems with a greater likelihood of success. Emphasis is placed upon the following elements: - How the systems approach is defined, and how it guides the systems engineering processes - How systems thinking helps in combination with the systems approach and systems engineering - Time lines that define the life cycle dimensions of a system - System properties, attributes, features, measures and parameters - Approaches to architecting systems - Dealing with requirements, synthesis, analysis and cost effectiveness considerations - Life cycle costing of systems - Modeling, simulation and other analysis methods - Technology and its interplay with risk and its management - Systems acquisition and integration - Systems of systems - Thinking outside the box - Success and failure factors - Software engineering - Standards - Systems engineering management Together, these top-level aspects of systems engineering need to be understood and mastered in order to improve the way we build systems, as they typically become larger and more complex. Table of Contents: Definitions and Background / The Systems Approach / Systems Thinking / Key Elements of Systems Engineering / The Life Cycle Dimension / System Properties, Attributes and Features (PAFs) / Measures and Parameters / Architecting / Functional Decomposition / Requirements Engineering / Synthesis / Analysis / Cost-Effectiveness / Life Cycle Costing / Modeling and Simulation / Other Analysis Relationships / The Role of Technology / Risk Management / Testing, Verification, and Validation / Integration / Systems Engineering Management / Project Management / Software Engineering / Systems Acquisition / Systems of Systems / Thinking Outside the Box / Ten Failure Factors / A Success Audit / Standards.
Engineering design. --- Materials. --- Professional education. --- Vocational education. --- Engineering Design. --- Materials Engineering. --- Professional and Vocational Education.
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Proceedings of the GeoHunan International Conference II: Emerging Technologies for Design, Construction, Rehabilitation, and Inspection of Transportation Infrastructure, held in Hunan, China, June 9-11, 2011. This Geotechnical Publication contains 29 papers addressing contemporary geotechnical subjects. Topics include: asphalt binder and mixture characterization; stabilization, recycling, foamed bitumen and emulsion, and granular materials; ground improvement, and chemical and mechanical stabilization for pavement and geotechnical applications; bridge approach embankment; economy and management of highway engineering; transportation issues in developing countries; and road materials and nanotechnology.
Construction materials --- Materials engineering --- Highway engineering --- Highway and road design --- Pavement design --- Transportation engineering --- Innovation --- Pavements --- Construction materials --- Materials engineering --- Highway engineering --- Highway and road design --- Pavement design --- Transportation engineering --- Innovation --- Pavements
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"Includes hydrate prevention, chemical injection systems, hydrate inhibitor methods; Condensation process, Glycol Regeneration and Molecular Sieves; An appendix provides the reader with additional exercises and solutions"--
Gas as fuel. --- Gas. --- Natural gas -- Drying. --- Natural gas --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Chemical Engineering --- Drying --- Drying.
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A practical reference for all plastics engineers who are seeking to answer a question, solve a problem, reduce a cost, improve a design or fabrication process, or even venture into a new market. Applied Plastics Engineering Handbook covers both polymer basics - helpful to bring readers quickly up to speed if they are not familiar with a particular area of plastics processing - and recent developments - enabling practitioners to discover which options best fit their requirements. Each chapter is an authoritative source of practical advice for engineers, providing authoritative guidanc
Plastics. --- Polymers. --- Plastics --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Chemical Engineering --- Chemistry --- Polymers and Plastics --- Plastic materials --- Plastic products --- Polymers --- Synthetic products --- Condensation products (Chemistry) --- Elastomers --- Plasticity
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Ultra fine-grained metals can show exceptional ductility, known as superplasticity, during sheet forming. The higher ductility of superplastic metals makes it possible to form large and complex components in a single operation without joints or rivets. The result is less waste, lower weight and manufacturing costs, high precision and lack of residual stress associated with welding which makes components ideal for aerospace, automotive and other applications. Superplastic forming of advanced metallic materials summarises key recent research on this important process.Part one reviews typ
Metals -- Plastic properties. --- Metals. --- Plasticity. --- Superplasticity. --- Metals --- Superplasticity --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Materials Science --- Plastic properties --- Plastic properties. --- Plasticity --- Ductility
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