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Growth factor receptors have long been known to drive malignant transformation and cancer progression. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, ErbB, HER) system is likely the best described membrane receptor tyrosine kinase family in malignant tumors. With implementation of the growth-inhibitory anti-HER-2 antibody trastuzumab (Herceptin) for the treatment of HER-2-positive advanced metastatic breast cancer, a new era has dawned in the therapy of this malignant disease. Unfortunately, trastuzumab-sensitive cancers invariably develop resistance to the antibody after some time. Recent clinical studies have revealed that these refractory tumors are still responsive to inhibition of the HER receptor family using dual HER-1/-2 inhibitors such as lapatinib (Tykerb/Tyverb). Moreover, a multiplicity of novel, improved irreversibly acting small molecular HER tyrosine kinase inhibitors are in the pipeline of many drug developing companies and are being evaluated in the clinical setting.

BRCA genes. --- Breast -- Cancer -- Chemotherapy. --- Cancer -- Gene therapy. --- Trastuzumab. --- Trastuzumab --- BRCA genes --- Cancer --- Breast --- Antibodies --- Neoplasms by Site --- Genes, erbB --- Therapeutics --- Investigative Techniques --- Breast Diseases --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Therapeutic Uses --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Skin Diseases --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Neoplasms --- Immunoglobulins --- Proto-Oncogenes --- Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases --- Immunoproteins --- Diseases --- Oncogenes --- Serum Globulins --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Genes, Neoplasm --- Blood Proteins --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Globulins --- Proteins --- Genes --- Methods --- Antibodies, Monoclonal --- Breast Neoplasms --- Genes, erbB-2 --- Antineoplastic Agents --- Molecular Targeted Therapy --- Drug Therapy --- Pharmacology --- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins --- Genome Components --- Genome --- Genetic Structures --- Genetic Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Oncology --- Pharmacy, Therapeutics, & Pharmacology --- Gene therapy --- Chemotherapy --- Cancer. --- Treatment. --- Cancer therapy --- Cancer treatment --- Therapy --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Immunology. --- Antibodies. --- Pharmacology. --- Internal medicine. --- Oncology. --- Biomedicine. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Cancer Research. --- Internal Medicine. --- Toxicology. --- Oncology  . --- Monoclonal antibodies. --- Medicine, Internal --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Monoclonal immunoglobulins --- Molecular cloning --- Tumors --- Chemicals --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Toxicology --- Immune globulins --- Immune serum globulin --- Blood proteins --- Plasma cells --- Antibody diversity --- Antigens --- Bacterial immunoglobulin-binding proteins --- Cancer research --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Medical sciences --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Physiological effect