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Paleontology. --- Geology. --- Paleobiogeography --- Biodiversity --- Paléontologie --- Géologie --- Paléobiogéographie --- Biodiversité --- Geology --- Paleontology --- GG Palaeontology --- Fossilogy --- Fossilology --- Palaeontology --- Paleontology, Zoological --- Paleozoology --- Historical geology --- Zoology --- Fossils --- Prehistoric animals in motion pictures --- Geographical distribution of fossil animals and plants --- Biogeography --- Geognosy --- Geoscience --- Earth sciences --- Natural history --- Biological diversification --- Biological diversity --- Biotic diversity --- Diversification, Biological --- Diversity, Biological --- Biology --- Biocomplexity --- Ecological heterogeneity --- Numbers of species

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This Encyclopedia of Agrophysics will provide up-to-date information on the physical properties and processes affecting the quality of the environment and plant production. It will be a "first-up" volume which will nicely complement the recently published Encyclopedia of Soil Science, (November 2007) which was published in the same series. In a single authoritative volume a collection of about 250 informative articles and ca 400 glossary terms covering all aspects of agrophysics will be presented. The authors will be renowned specialists in various aspects in agrophysics from a wide variety of countries. Agrophysics is important both for research and practical use not only in agriculture, but also in areas like environmental science, land reclamation, food processing etc. Agrophysics is a relatively new interdisciplinary field closely related to Agrochemistry, Agrobiology, Agroclimatology and Agroecology. Nowadays it has been fully accepted as an agricultural and environmental discipline. As such this Encyclopedia volume will be an indispensable working tool for scientists and practitioners from different disciplines, like agriculture, soil science, geosciences, environmental science, geography, and engineering. .

Agricultural physics --- Agriculture --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Agriculture - General --- Agrophysics --- Life sciences. --- Geobiology. --- Geography. --- Agriculture. --- Soil science. --- Soil conservation. --- Life Sciences. --- Soil Science & Conservation. --- Biogeosciences. --- Geography, general. --- Conservation of soil --- Erosion control, Soil --- Soil erosion --- Soil erosion control --- Soils --- Agricultural conservation --- Soil management --- Pedology (Soil science) --- Earth sciences --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Cosmography --- World history --- Biology --- Biosphere --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science --- Control --- Prevention --- Conservation --- Physics --- Agricultural physics - Encyclopedias --- Biogeography. --- Soil Science. --- Areography (Biology) --- Geographical distribution of animals and plants --- Species --- Species distribution --- Geography --- Geographical distribution

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The interdisciplinary field of Astrobiology constitutes a joint arena where provocative discoveries are coalescing concerning, e.g. the prevalence of exoplanets, the diversity and hardiness of life, and its increasingly likely chances for its emergence. Biologists, astrophysicists, biochemists, geoscientists and space scientists share this exciting mission of revealing the origin and commonality of life in the Universe. The members of the different disciplines are used to their own terminology and technical language. In the interdisciplinary environment many terms either have redundant meanings or are completely unfamiliar to members of other disciplines. The Encyclopedia of Astrobiology serves as the key to a common understanding. Each new or experienced researcher and graduate student in adjacent fields of astrobiology will appreciate this reference work in the quest to understand the big picture. The carefully selected group of active researchers contributing to this work and the expert field editors intend for their contributions, from an internationally comprehensive perspective, to accelerate the interdisciplinary advance of astrobiology.

Exobiology --- Life --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Biology - General --- Origin --- Astrobiology --- Physics. --- Bioorganic chemistry. --- Planetology. --- Geobiology. --- Biochemistry. --- Astrophysics. --- Astrobiology. --- Bioorganic Chemistry. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles. --- Biogeosciences. --- Habitable planets --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Earth sciences --- Biosphere --- Planetary sciences --- Planetology --- Bio-organic chemistry --- Biological organic chemistry --- Biochemistry --- Chemistry, Organic --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Composition --- Planetary science. --- Biogeography. --- Planetary Science. --- Areography (Biology) --- Geographical distribution of animals and plants --- Species --- Species distribution --- Geography --- Geographical distribution

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This new book takes us through a journey from early life to modern agriculture. The thirty eight authors present current studies on the interrelation of plants-animals. This topic has always fascinated man, as evidenced even by the first chapters of Genesis. The world of aqueous and terrestrial fauna appeared on early earth only after the flora covered the areas with the green pigmentation. Almost all life depends upon sunlight via the photosynthesis of the botanical world. We read abut the harnessing of bee pollination of crops to make it an essential component of modern agriculture endeavor. Some plants seduce insects for pollination by their appearance (e.g., disguised orchids entice visitors); there is the production of sweet nectar as a bribe in flowers to attract bees, butterflies, and honey-sucking birds. A particular outstanding phenomena are the carnivorous plants that have developed trapping and digesting systems of insects and higher animals.

Animal-plant relationships. --- Evolution (Biology). --- Animal-plant relationships --- Evolution (Biology) --- Symbiosis --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Agriculture --- Ecology --- Agriculture - General --- Herbivores --- Symbiosis. --- Ecology. --- Consortism --- Herbivora --- Herbivorous animals --- Phytophagous animals --- Plant-eating animals --- Plant-feeding animals --- Animal-plant interactions --- Animals and plants --- Interactions, Animal-plant --- Plant-animal interactions --- Plant-animal relationships --- Plants and animals --- Relationships, Animal-plant --- Life sciences. --- Agriculture. --- Ecosystems. --- Plant ecology. --- Life Sciences. --- Plant Ecology. --- Biology --- Symbiogenesis --- Animals --- Endangered ecosystems. --- Botany --- Plants --- Threatened ecosystems --- Biotic communities --- Nature conservation --- Balance of nature --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Phytoecology --- Vegetation ecology --- Ecology . --- Biocenoses --- Biocoenoses --- Biogeoecology --- Biological communities --- Biomes --- Biotic community ecology --- Communities, Biotic --- Community ecology, Biotic --- Ecological communities --- Ecosystems --- Natural communities --- Floristic ecology

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This book provides a first synthetic view of an emerging area of ecology and biogeography, linking individual- and population-level processes to geographic distributions and biodiversity patterns. Problems in evolutionary ecology, macroecology, and biogeography are illuminated by this integrative view. The book focuses on correlative approaches known as ecological niche modeling, species distribution modeling, or habitat suitability modeling, which use associations between known occurrences of species and environmental variables to identify environmental conditions under which populations can be maintained. The spatial distribution of environments suitable for the species can then be estimated: a potential distribution for the species. This approach has broad applicability to ecology, evolution, biogeography, and conservation biology, as well as to understanding the geographic potential of invasive species and infectious diseases, and the biological implications of climate change. The authors lay out conceptual foundations and general principles for understanding and interpreting species distributions with respect to geography and environment. Focus is on development of niche models. While serving as a guide for students and researchers, the book also provides a theoretical framework to support future progress in the field.

Niche (Ecology). --- Niche (Ecology) --- Biogeography. --- Biogeography --- Mathematical models. --- Niche écologique --- Biogéographie --- Modèles mathématiques --- Microhabitat --- Biotic communities --- Competition (Biology) --- Ecology --- Habitat (Ecology) --- Areography (Biology) --- Geographical distribution of animals and plants --- Species --- Species distribution --- Biology --- Geography --- Geographical distribution --- Mathematical models --- BAM diagram. --- Eltonian Noise Hypothesis. --- Eltonian niche. --- Grinnellian niche. --- absence data. --- algorithm. --- ancillary data. --- biodiversity. --- biogeography. --- biotic interactions. --- biotically reduced niche. --- climate change. --- commission error. --- conservation biology. --- conservation planning. --- conservation reserve network planning. --- data preparation. --- data quality. --- disease distribution. --- disease ecology. --- disease transmission risk. --- disease transmission. --- distributional area. --- distributional ecology. --- diversification. --- ecological niche evolution. --- ecological niche modeling. --- ecological niche. --- ecology. --- environmental data. --- environmental space. --- epidemiology. --- evolutionary ecology. --- extinction risk. --- extrapolation. --- feedback loop. --- geographic distribution. --- geographic space. --- geography. --- habitat suitability modeling. --- hypervolume. --- infection. --- invasive species. --- macroecology. --- model calibration. --- model evaluation. --- model performance. --- model prediction. --- model projection. --- model significance. --- model. --- niche concept. --- niche conservatism. --- niche evolution. --- niche models. --- niche. --- nonequilibrium distribution. --- nonnative species. --- occupied distributional area. --- overfitting. --- pathogens. --- population biology. --- populations. --- potential distributional area. --- predictability. --- primary occurrence data. --- resolution. --- risk mapping. --- sampling bias. --- scenopoetic variables. --- sensitivity. --- sisterгpecies pairs. --- spatial extent. --- species distribution modeling. --- species distribution. --- species invasions. --- species limit. --- species occurrence. --- species reintroduction. --- statistical theory. --- transferability. --- unknown species.