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AA / International- internationaal --- 311.0 --- Demografie. Algemene fenomenen: algemeenheden. --- Population --- Human population --- Human populations --- Population growth --- Populations, Human --- Economics --- Human ecology --- Sociology --- Demography --- Malthusianism --- Demografie. Algemene fenomenen: algemeenheden --- Démographie

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This report discusses the key findings and recommendations emerging from a pilot Citizen Report Card (CRC) on water, sanitation, and sewerage services in Karachi. This initiative comes, on one hand, in the wake of deteriorating services, weakened community interfaces and accountability structures, poor revenue generation and dysfunctional governance structures and, on the other, an emergent consensus to bring in far-reaching institutional reforms that should move beyond financial and technical imperatives. The CRC, pioneered by the Public Affairs Center (PAC), Bengaluru, is a simple but powerful tool to provide public agencies with systematic feedback from users of public services. CRC gains such feedback through sample surveys on aspects of service quality that users know best, and enable public agencies to identify strengths and weaknesses in their work. A CRC on public services is not just one more opinion poll; it reflects the actual experiences of people with a wide range of public services. The survey on which a report card is based covers only those individuals who have had experiences in the use of specific services, and interactions with the relevant public agencies.

Canals --- Channels --- Citizen Participation --- Civil Society Organizations --- Clean Water --- Conservation --- Cost Recovery --- Decision Making --- Drinking Water --- Pipelines --- Population Growth --- Sanitation --- Town Water Supply and Sanitation --- Transparency --- Urban Water Supply and Sanitation --- Urbanization --- Water Conservation --- Water Resources --- Water Supply and Sanitation --- Water Supply and Sanitation Governance and Institutions --- Water Utilities

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In The Coming Famine, Julian Cribb lays out a vivid picture of impending planetary crisis--a global food shortage that threatens to hit by mid-century--that would dwarf any in our previous experience. Cribb's comprehensive assessment describes a dangerous confluence of shortages--of water, land, energy, technology, and knowledge--combined with the increased demand created by population and economic growth. Writing in brisk, accessible prose, Cribb explains how the food system interacts with the environment and with armed conflict, poverty, and other societal factors. He shows how high food prices and regional shortages are already sending shockwaves into the international community. But, far from outlining a doomsday scenario, The Coming Famine offers a strong and positive call to action, exploring the greatest issue of our age and providing practical suggestions for addressing each of the major challenges it raises.

Food supply. --- Food industry and trade. --- Sustainable agriculture. --- Climatic changes. --- agriculture. --- armed conflict. --- call to action. --- easy to read. --- economic growth. --- energy shortages. --- environmental issues. --- environmental problems. --- famine. --- food prices. --- food shortages. --- food system. --- global food crisis. --- global threats. --- international impact. --- land shortages. --- near future. --- nonfiction. --- overcoming challenges. --- planetary crisis. --- political economy. --- population growth. --- poverty. --- practical solutions. --- societal factors. --- technological advancements. --- water shortages.

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Population and Development offers an expert guide on the demographic transition, from its origins in Enlightenment Europe through to the rest of the world. Tim Dyson examines how, while the phenomenon continues to cause unsustainable population growth with serious economic and environmental implications, its processes have underlain previous periods of sustained economic growth, helped to liberate women from the domestic domain, and contributed greatly to the rise of modern democracy.

Southern Hemisphere --- Southern hemisphere --- Hémisphère sud --- Population --- Economic development --- Human population --- Human populations --- Population growth --- Populations, Human --- Economics --- Human ecology --- Sociology --- Demography --- Malthusianism --- Economic aspects. --- Economic aspects --- History. --- Social aspects. --- History --- Social aspects --- Développement économique --- Aspect économique --- Histoire --- Aspect social --- Population - Economic aspects --- Population - Economic aspects - History --- Economic development - Social aspects --- Southern Hemisphere - Population - Economic aspects --- Development studies --- Human geography

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Standpipes that dispense water from utilities are the most common alternatives to piped water connections for poor customers in the cities of Sub-Saharan Africa. Fifty-five percent of the unconnected urban population relies on standpipes as their first water source. Other informal water providers include household resellers and a variety of water tankers and vendors, which are the first water source of 1 percent and 3 percent of the urban population, respectively. In the cities studied, the percentage of unconnected households ranges from 12 percent to 86 percent of the population. The percentage of unconnected people covered by standpipes is substantially higher for countries with higher rates of household connection, while the percentage of unconnected people covered by water tankers or water vendors is higher for countries with lower rates of household connection. Water prices in the informal market are much higher than for households with private connections or yard taps. Although standpipes are heavily subsidized by utilities, the prices charged by standpipe operators are closely related to the informal water reseller price. Standpipe management models also affect the informal price of water. For example, the shift from utilities management to delegated management models without complementary regulation or consumer information has often led to declines in service levels and increased prices. Standpipes are not the only or even the most efficient solution in peri-urban areas. Programs that promote private household connections and arrangements that improve pricing and services in the household resale market should also be considered by policy makers.

Household connection --- Household connections --- Households --- Population growth --- Price of water --- Provision of water --- Public water --- Sanitation services --- Service delivery --- Town Water Supply and Sanitation --- Urban areas --- Urban growth --- Urban water --- Urban Water Supply and Sanitation --- Utilities --- Water and Industry --- Water Conservation --- Water market --- Water Resources --- Water sector --- Water source --- Water sources --- Water supply --- Water Supply and Sanitation --- Water Supply and Sanitation Governance and Institutions --- Water supply chain --- Water tankers